Origin
Tabernaemontana eglandulosa Stapf var. macrocalyx Stapf is a plant species belonging to the genus Tabernaemontana, which is native to South Asia, specifically in India and Sri Lanka.
Common Names
This plant species has several common names depending on the region. Some of its common names are Large-flowered pinwheel tree, Tree jasmine, Pinwheel jasmine, Creeping Tabernaemontana, and Tagar-ganthoda in Hindi.
Uses
Tabernaemontana eglandulosa Stapf var. macrocalyx Stapf has several medicinal properties. The extract from this plant species is used to treat several ailments like fever, dysentery, rheumatism, and other related diseases. It is also used as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic medicine. Moreover, its roots and leaves are used in traditional medicine to relieve pain and promote wound healing.
General Appearance
Tabernaemontana eglandulosa Stapf var. Macrocalyx Stapf is an evergreen shrub or small tree that can grow up to a height of 3–5 meters. The plant has leathery, glossy leaves that are 10–20 cm long and 5–10 cm wide. It also has large, showy, white flowers that are 6–10 cm in diameter, with a sweet fragrance. The fruit of the plant is a pair of long slender follicles, which contains numerous seeds.
Growth Conditions for Tabernaemontana eglandulosa Stapf var. macrocalyx Stapf
Light Requirements: Tabernaemontana eglandulosa Stapf var. macrocalyx Stapf prefers bright to moderate sunlight exposure. It can also grow under partial shade, but it may result in slower growth and decreased flower production. Avoid exposing it to direct sunlight during the hottest part of the day to prevent scorching of foliage.
Temperature Requirements: This plant species prefers warm temperatures with a range of 20°C to 30°C. It cannot tolerate freezing temperatures and will die if exposed to extreme cold. Therefore, it is not suitable for outdoor cultivation in areas with cold climates. If growing indoors, maintaining a warm temperature range is crucial to promote healthy growth.
Soil Requirements: Tabernaemontana eglandulosa Stapf var. macrocalyx Stapf thrives in well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. It prefers slightly acidic to slightly alkaline soil with a pH of 6.0 to 7.5. Sandy loam soil is ideal for this plant. Avoid heavy clay soil, as it retains too much moisture, leading to root rot.
Watering Requirements: This plant requires regular watering to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. Therefore, it is essential to provide proper drainage to prevent waterlogging. During the dry season, increase watering frequency to prevent the plant from drying out. However, avoid overwatering, as it can lead to root rot and cause damage to the plant's overall health.
Fertilizer Requirements: Tabernaemontana eglandulosa Stapf var. macrocalyx Stapf requires regular feeding with a balanced fertilizer to promote healthy growth. Use a slow-release fertilizer in the spring and summer months when the plant is most active. Reduce fertilizer application during the winter months when the plant enters a dormant phase.
Humidity Requirements: Tabernaemontana eglandulosa Stapf var. macrocalyx Stapf prefers a moderate to high level of humidity. Therefore, it is essential to provide them with proper humidity levels. Misting the plant regularly with water can help to increase humidity levels around the plant. Alternatively, placing a tray of water nearby or using a humidifier can also help to maintain proper humidity levels.
Cultivation Methods
Tabernaemontana eglandulosa Stapf var. macrocalyx Stapf is generally grown in well-draining soil with good fertility. The plant prefers partial shade and high humidity. It can thrive in temperatures between 20 and 30 degrees Celsius, and it is best grown in tropical and subtropical climates. The ideal propagation method is by stem cuttings, which should be taken in early spring or late winter.
Watering Needs
This plant requires consistent watering, especially during the growing season. It is essential to prevent the soil from drying out, which could wilt the leaves. Ideally, the soil should be watered once or twice a week, depending on the climate and humidity levels. Ensure you avoid overwatering, which could cause root rot and promote the growth of fungi and mold.
Fertilization
To promote healthy growth and development, it is recommended to fertilize the plant during the growing season. Apply a balanced fertilizer every month, ensuring that it contains equal amounts of all essential micronutrients. Avoid using excessive amounts of fertilizer, which could cause the plant to grow too fast and develop weak stems, making it susceptible to pests and diseases.
Pruning
Pruning Tabernaemontana eglandulosa Stapf var. macrocalyx Stapf should be done regularly to maintain a healthy and attractive shape. The best time to prune is during the dormant season, at the beginning of spring, when the plant is not actively growing. Remove any dead, damaged, or diseased branches or stems to prevent the spread of pests and diseases.
Propagation of Tabernaemontana Eglandulosa Stapf var. Macrocalyx Stapf
Propagation of Tabernaemontana Eglandulosa Stapf var. Macrocalyx Stapf can be done through various methods such as:
Seed Propagation
The plant produces seeds that can be collected and propagated. The seeds need to be soaked in water for 24-48 hours to allow germination. Once the seeds have sprouted, they can be planted in a seedling tray filled with potting mix and placed in a warm and humid environment with bright, indirect light. The seedlings can be transplanted into individual pots after a few weeks and gradually acclimatized to natural light and outdoor conditions.
Stem Cutting Propagation
Stem cutting propagation is also a viable method for propagating Tabernaemontana Eglandulosa Stapf var. Macrocalyx Stapf. Select healthy stems with active growth and no flowers and cut them at an angle of 45 degrees using a sharp and sterilized blade. Remove the lower leaves and dip the cuttings in rooting hormone powder. Place the cuttings in a pot filled with a well-draining potting mix. Keep the soil moist and maintain high humidity around the cuttings by covering them with a plastic sheet or placing them in a humidity dome. The cuttings should root within 2-3 weeks and can be transplanted into individual pots.
Air Layering Propagation
Air layering propagation is a more advanced method for propagating Tabernaemontana Eglandulosa Stapf var. Macrocalyx Stapf. Select a mature stem and make a horizontal cut about ½ inch deep in the middle of the stem. Apply rooting hormone to the cut and cover it with moist sphagnum moss. Wrap the moss with plastic wrap and secure it with a rubber band. Keep the moss moist and wait for roots to form, which can take 4-6 weeks. Once roots have formed, cut the stem below the air layer and pot the new plant in a well-draining mix.
Disease and Pest Management for Tabernaemontana eglandulosa Stapf var. macrocalyx Stapf Plant
Tabernaemontana eglandulosa Stapf var. macrocalyx Stapf, commonly known as Large-flowered Tabernaemontana, is a shrub or small tree that belongs to the Apocynaceae family. It is a popular ornamental plant due to its attractive white or cream flowers and glossy foliage. However, like other plants, it is susceptible to various diseases and pests.
Common Diseases
The most common diseases that affect Tabernaemontana eglandulosa Stapf var. macrocalyx Stapf include:
- Leaf spot: This is a fungal disease that causes small spots on the leaves, which later turn brown and drop off. The disease is common in humid conditions and can be controlled by removing infected leaves and treating the plant with a fungicide.
- Root rot: This is a soil-borne disease that affects the roots of the plant, leading to wilting and eventually death. The disease is caused by overwatering or poor drainage and can be prevented by ensuring proper drainage and avoiding overwatering the plant.
- Powdery mildew: This is a fungal disease that appears as white powdery patches on the leaves and stems of the plant. The disease is common in areas with high humidity and can be controlled by spraying the plant with a fungicide.
Common Pests
The most common pests that affect Tabernaemontana eglandulosa Stapf var. macrocalyx Stapf include:
- Aphids: These are small insects that suck the sap from the leaves and stems of the plant, causing them to wilt and deform. The pests can be controlled by spraying the plant with an insecticide or by releasing natural predators such as ladybugs.
- Scale insects: These are pests that attach themselves to the leaves and stems of the plant, causing yellowing and stunted growth. The pests can be controlled by using an insecticidal soap or by removing them manually.
- Spider mites: These are tiny pests that feed on the sap of the plant, causing yellowing and stunted growth. The pests can be controlled by spraying the plant with a miticide or by releasing natural predators such as predatory mites.
Management
To manage diseases and pests in Tabernaemontana eglandulosa Stapf var. macrocalyx Stapf, it is essential to:
- Regularly inspect the plant for signs of disease or pest infestation.
- Remove and destroy infected plant parts to prevent the spread of diseases.
- Avoid overwatering the plant and ensure proper drainage to prevent root rot.
- Spray the plant with fungicides or insecticides to control diseases and pests.
- Release natural predators such as ladybugs or predatory mites to control pests.
With proper disease and pest management, Tabernaemontana eglandulosa Stapf var. macrocalyx Stapf can remain healthy and vibrant, providing its owners with a beautiful and thriving ornamental plant.
