Origin
Digitaria macroblephara, commonly known as Longhorned grass, is a species of grass that belongs to the family Poaceae. It is native to Africa, specifically in the countries of Kenya and Tanzania.
Common Names
The plant is commonly known as Longhorned grass due to the long awns present in its spikelets. It is also called Finger grass because of its slender, finger-like growth habit.
Uses
Digitaria macroblephara is a valuable grass species used for forage and pasture production in areas with a tropical and subtropical climate. It is particularly useful for grazing in areas with low to medium rainfall. It is also used in soil conservation programs and as a cover crop.
General Appearance
The Longhorned grass typically grows up to 50-150 cm tall. It has a slender and erect growth habit with long, narrow leaves that are around 10-20 cm long and 3-10 mm wide. The inflorescence of the plant is a spike-like raceme that can reach up to 30 cm in length. The spikelets are small and have two to three flowers each, with long awns that are up to 25 cm long. The plant has a shallow root system that allows it to adapt well to different soil conditions, but it prefers well-drained soils.
hereLight Conditions
Digitaria macroblephara requires full sun to grow. It thrives in areas with direct sunlight, which is why it is commonly found in open fields and meadows.
Temperature Requirements
This grass species prefers warm temperatures and does not tolerate frost. The optimal temperature range for growth is between 20°C to 35°C, with 25°C being the ideal temperature for its growth. Temperatures higher or lower than this range can hinder the growth of Digitaria macroblephara.
Soil Requirements
The plant grows well in well-draining soils and can thrive in many soil types, including sandy, loamy, and clay soils. However, it does best in fertile soils with a pH range of 5.5 to 7.5. It is important to note that the plant cannot tolerate waterlogged soils.
Cultivation Methods
Digitaria macroblephara is a warm season grass that grows best in tropical and subtropical regions. The plant grows well in full sun and can adapt to a wide range of soils, although it prefers well-draining soils. Dig holes twice the width and depth of the root ball before planting.
Watering Needs
Proper watering is key to keeping Digitaria macroblephara healthy. Water the plant regularly but ensure that the soil does not become waterlogged, as this can cause root rot. Allow the soil to dry partially before the next watering and avoid overhead watering, as this can increase the chance of diseases.
Fertilization
Digitaria macroblephara requires regular fertilization to maintain proper growth. Fertilize the plant during the growing season using a balanced, slow-release fertilizer. Apply the fertilizer according to the manufacturer's instructions and water the plant after application to aid in absorption.
Pruning
Pruning is not necessary for Digitaria macroblephara, as the plant does not develop woody growth. However, it is recommended to remove any dead or damaged foliage to maintain a neat appearance. Cut back the plant to its base or the nearest healthy growth using sharp, clean pruning shears.
Propagation of Digitaria macroblephara
Digitaria macroblephara, also known as Hackel's fingergrass, is a perennial grass that is native to Africa. It is commonly used for grazing and forage in its native range, and it has also been introduced to other parts of the world to serve the same purpose. Propagation of Digitaria macroblephara can be achieved through several methods.
Seed Propagation
The most common method of propagating Digitaria macroblephara is through seeding. Seeds should be sown in early spring in well-prepared soil. The seeds should be placed at a depth of about 1 cm and should be spaced about 10 cm apart. The soil should be kept moist, but not waterlogged, until the seeds germinate. Germination typically occurs within 10 to 14 days.
Division
Digitaria macroblephara can also be propagated through division. This method is best used for established plants that have formed clumps. The clump should be lifted from the soil and divided into smaller sections, each containing a portion of the crown and some roots. The sections can then be replanted in pots or directly in the ground.
Cutting
Propagation through cutting can also be successful for Digitaria macroblephara. Cuttings should be taken in early spring, when the new growth is just beginning to emerge. The cutting should be about 10 cm in length, and should be taken from the top of the plant. The cutting should be planted in well-prepared soil, with the bottom third inserted into the soil, and kept moist until new growth appears.
Disease Management
Digitaria macroblephara is susceptible to several diseases including:
- Fungal leaf spot: This disease is characterized by small brown or black spots on the leaves. To manage this disease, remove the affected leaves and avoid overhead irrigation.
- Root rot: Root rot is caused by soil-borne fungi that attack the roots of the plant. To prevent this disease, avoid overwatering and maintain good soil drainage.
- Powdery mildew: Powdery mildew is a common fungal disease that affects many plants. It is characterized by a white powdery coating on the leaves. To manage this disease, remove the affected leaves and improve air circulation around the plant.
Pest Management
Common pests that might affect Digitaria macroblephara include:
- Grasshoppers: Grasshoppers can cause significant damage to the foliage of the plant. To manage this pest, remove nearby grassy areas that may serve as breeding grounds and use barriers to prevent them from accessing the plant.
- Cutworms: Cutworms are known to cut through young plants at the base. To manage this pest, use physical barriers or protective collars around the plants.
- Sooty mold: Sooty mold is a fungal disease that is often caused by an infestation of insects such as aphids and whiteflies. To manage this pest, control the insect population using insecticidal soap or horticultural oil.
