Overview
Wedelia glauca, also known as Wedelia or Galinsoga, is a plant species in the family Asteraceae that is native to Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay. This plant is widely recognized for its medicinal properties and has been used for various health conditions, including respiratory problems and skin inflammation.
Appearance
Wedelia glauca is a low-growing perennial herb that can grow up to 1 meter in height. Its stems are thin, branching, and greenish-purple in color. The leaves of this plant are variable, ranging from 1-7 cm long and 1-4 cm wide. They are elliptical to ovate in shape with serrated margins and glabrous surface. The flowers of Wedelia glauca are small, yellow, and found in clusters.
Common Names
Wedelia glauca is commonly known as Wedelia, Galinsoga, and Yerba del pollo. In Brazil, it is known as Mastyda. It is also known as creeping oxeye due to its ability to spread quickly and take over an area.
Uses
Wedelia glauca has many medicinal properties, and it has been used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments. The leaves of this plant are rich in flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids, which have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antioxidant properties. In traditional medicine, Wedelia glauca has been used to treat respiratory problems, skin inflammation, cuts, bruises, and insect bites. It has also been used to treat digestive problems such as diarrhea and dysentery.
In addition to its medicinal uses, Wedelia glauca is also used for ornamental purposes. Its ability to spread quickly and form a dense mat makes it suitable for ground cover.
However, it should be noted that Wedelia glauca is considered invasive in several parts of the world, including the United States, where it is classified as a noxious weed.
Typical Growth Conditions of Wedelia glauca (Ortega) Hoffm. ex Hicken
Wedelia glauca (Ortega) Hoffm. ex Hicken is a sun-loving plant that thrives in warm, humid conditions. It is a perennial plant that can grow up to 2 meters in height and spread up to 1 meter in width.
Light Requirements
As mentioned, Wedelia glauca requires full sun for optimal growth. It needs at least 6 hours of direct sunlight each day, but it can also tolerate partial shade.
Temperature Requirements
Wedelia glauca is native to tropical and subtropical regions and prefers warm temperatures between 20°C to 30°C. It can also withstand lower temperatures down to 5°C, but it may become dormant during the winter months.
Soil Requirements
Wedelia glauca grows well in a variety of soil types, including sandy, loamy, and clay soils. However, it prefers well-draining soils that are rich in organic matter. The pH level of the soil should be neutral to slightly acidic, ranging between 6.0 to 7.5.
It is important to note that Wedelia glauca can become invasive if not properly maintained. Regular pruning and removal of seedlings can help control the spread of this plant.
Cultivation
Wedelia glauca (Ortega) Hoffm. ex Hicken, commonly known as the 'Zaperoko,' is a sun-loving and drought-tolerant plant. It grows well in a wide range of soil types, as long as it is well-drained because it does not tolerate wet or poorly drained soil. The plant is propagated through cuttings or seed sowing.
Watering Needs
Wedelia glauca requires moderate watering. In the growing season, it is essential to ensure the soil is moist but not waterlogged. During the winter months, reduce watering to prevent waterlogging and root rot. As an established plant, it is drought-tolerant, and it can survive on natural rainfall.
Fertilization
The application of fertilizer is necessary for Wedelia glauca plants to bloom and grow healthy. Use a slow-release granular fertilizer low in nitrogen ratio to avoid excessive growth. Apply it twice a year, in spring and summer, following the recommended dosage on the label.
Pruning
Pruning is necessary to control plant size and promote bushy growth in Wedelia glauca. The best time to trim is in early spring before new growth starts. Prune 1/3 of the plant's height, remove any overgrown stems, and shape the remaining part. Regular deadheading of spent blooms will also boost the plant's flowering ability and maintain its appearance.
Propagation of Wedelia glauca (Ortega) Hoffm. ex Hicken
Wedelia glauca (Ortega) Hoffm. ex Hicken is a native plant to South and Central America. It is a member of the Asteraceae family and is known for its yellow, daisy-like flowers. This plant can be propagated through various methods which include:
Seed propagation
Seed propagation is one of the most popular methods of propagating Wedelia glauca. The seeds require light to germinate, and it is recommended to sow the seeds during spring or summer. Before sowing, make sure you clean the seeds and soak them in water overnight. Sowing can be done directly in the soil or in containers, and make sure the soil is moist and well-drained.
Cuttings propagation
Cuttings propagation involves using stem cuttings taken from an already existing plant. This method is suitable for propagation during the growing season. Cuttings should be taken from healthy stems of the plant and should be at least 10cm long. Remove the leaves from the lower part of the cutting, leaving only a few leaves on top and plant the cutting horizontally in the soil. Make sure the soil is moist and well-drained.
Division propagation
Division propagation is another method of propagating Wedelia glauca. This method involves dividing the roots of an already established plant into smaller sections. It is recommended to do this during the autumn or winter when the plant is dormant. Carefully dig up the plant, separate the roots into smaller sections, and replant them in well-drained soil. Make sure the soil is moist and water the sections regularly until they are well-established.
Wedelia glauca is a resilient plant that can propagate through various methods. Choose the method that works best for you, and ensure you follow the proper guidelines for successful propagation.
Disease Management for Wedelia glauca
Wedelia glauca is relatively hardy and resistant to most diseases. However, it can occasionally be affected by fungal infections such as leaf spots, blights, and powdery mildew. To manage these diseases:
- Remove and dispose of infected plant debris and fallen leaves to prevent the spread of spores.
- Avoid overhead watering, which can create a moist environment ideal for fungal growth.
- Apply a fungicide as directed if necessary.
Pest Management for Wedelia glauca
Wedelia glauca is also relatively pest-resistant, but some pests may occasionally cause damage. Some potential pests that might affect Wedelia glauca include:
- Spider mites
- Aphids
To prevent and manage pest problems:
- Use a strong stream of water to knock off spider mites and aphids from the plants.
- Use insecticidal soap or neem oil as directed if necessary.
- Regularly inspect plants for pests and take prompt action if any are detected.
