Overview
Wedelia africana P.Beauv. var. guineensis (C.D.Adams) Isawumi is a plant species belonging to the Asteraceae family. It is commonly known as creeping oxeye, and it is native to West and Central Africa.
Description
The creeping oxeye plant has a prostrate or trailing habit with green, succulent leaves that are ovate to oblong in shape. The leaves measure about 2-7 cm in length and are arranged alternately on the stem. The flowers of this plant are bright yellow and have a diameter of about 2-3 cm. They are borne on solitary heads, which are about 5-10 mm in diameter.
Uses
Wedelia africana P.Beauv. var. guineensis is used for medicinal purposes in many African countries. The plant is believed to have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic properties. Its leaves and stems are used to treat various ailments such as wounds, burns, fever, and diarrhea. The plant is also used as a traditional medicine for treating respiratory infections such as asthma and bronchitis. In addition, the plant is used as a traditional remedy for treating parasitic infestations such as hookworms and tapeworms.
The plant is also used for ornamental purposes. It is a popular groundcover that is grown in many gardens and landscapes. The plant is drought-tolerant and can grow in a wide range of soils, making it an ideal plant for landscaping.
Conclusion
The Wedelia africana P.Beauv. var. guineensis plant is an important plant species in West and Central Africa. Its medicinal properties make it a valuable resource in traditional medicine, while its ornamental value makes it a popular choice for landscaping. Its prostrate or trailing habit, green succulent leaves, and bright yellow flowers make it an attractive addition to gardens and landscapes.
Light Requirements
Wedelia africana P.Beauv. var. guineensis (C.D.Adams) Isawumi thrives well in full sun to partial shade. It requires about 6-8 hours of sunlight daily for optimal growth. Insufficient sunlight can cause stunted growth and reduced flowering.
Temperature Requirements
Wedelia africana P.Beauv. var. guineensis (C.D.Adams) Isawumi grows best in warm temperatures ranging between 20°C and 35°C. It can tolerate cool temperatures down to 10°C, but prolonged exposure to low temperatures can cause leaf drop and the plant may not recover.
Soil Requirements
Wedelia africana P.Beauv. var. guineensis (C.D.Adams) Isawumi prefers well-draining, fertile, and nutrient-rich soils. The ideal pH range is between 5.5 and 7.5. It can tolerate a wide range of soil types from sandy to clayey soils but performs best in loamy soils. Organic matter can be added to sandy soils to increase water retention, while gypsum can be added to clayey soils to improve drainage.
Cultivation
Wedelia Africana P. Beauv. Var. Guineensis (C.D.Adams) Isawumi is a perennial, herbaceous plant native to West Africa. It can grow up to 1.5 meters tall, with a spread of up to 2 meters. This plant is relatively easy to grow and can thrive in a range of soil types, from sandy to loamy.
The best time to plant Wedelia africana is during the rainy season when the soil is moist. Choose a well-drained location with plenty of sunlight. Before planting, loosen the soil and add organic matter if necessary. Plant the seedlings about 30cm apart to allow for the plant to grow to its full spread.
Watering Needs
Watering Wedelia africana is straightforward. When planting, water the plant thoroughly to help establish the roots. In subsequent waterings, water the plant deeply but infrequently, ensuring that the soil does not become waterlogged. During the dry season, the plant may require more frequent watering, especially if the soil is sandy.
Fertilization
Wedelia africana is a relatively low-fertility plant that does not require heavy feeding. Use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer once a year to provide the necessary nutrients. Avoid using high-nitrogen fertilizers as this can cause vegetative growth at the expense of flowering. Alternatively, use compost as an organic and environmentally friendly fertilizer.
Pruning
Pruning is not usually necessary for Wedelia africana, as it has a naturally bushy growth habit. In gardens, this plant can be occasionally pruned to shape or control its spread. Regular removal of spent flowers will help to encourage new growth and promote bushier growth.
When pruning, use clean and sharp tools to avoid damaging the plant. It's best to prune in the dry season to allow for quick healing of the cuts. Cut back the plant by one-third to maintain its shape. For a more drastic pruning, cut the entire plant back to a few inches from the ground, preferably during the rainy season to allow for quick regrowth.
Propagation of Wedelia africana P.Beauv. var. guineensis (C.D.Adams) Isawumi
Wedelia africana P.Beauv. var. guineensis (C.D.Adams) Isawumi can be propagated by several methods, including:
Seed propagation
The propagation of Wedelia africana P.Beauv. var. guineensis (C.D.Adams) Isawumi via seeds is relatively easy and straightforward. The seeds can be sown in seedbeds or pots filled with loamy soil mix that is moist and well-aerated. Germination typically occurs within 7-10 days, and the seedlings can be transplanted to individual pots or directly to the planting site once they are large enough to handle.
Cuttings propagation
Wedelia africana P.Beauv. var. guineensis (C.D.Adams) Isawumi can be propagated by stem cuttings taken from healthy and mature plants. Cuttings should be taken from the parent plant in the early morning when the plant tissues are turgid. The lower leaves should be removed, and the cutting should be dipped in rooting hormone powder before being inserted into a well-draining potting mix. The cuttings should be kept in a warm and humid environment until they develop roots and can be transplanted to individual pots or directly to the planting site.
Division propagation
Wedelia africana P.Beauv. var. guineensis (C.D.Adams) Isawumi can also be propagated by division, which involves splitting the clump into smaller sections and transplanting them to a new location. This method is best suited for established plants that have formed large clumps. The parent plant should be dug out carefully and separated into smaller sections, each with its roots and stems. The divisions should be planted in a loamy soil mix and kept in a shaded area until they establish new roots.
Disease and Pest Management for Wedelia africana P.Beauv. var. guineensis (C.D.Adams) Isawumi
Wedelia africana P.Beauv. var. guineensis (C.D.Adams) Isawumi is a plant that is susceptible to various diseases and pest attacks. It is crucial to manage these diseases and pests to ensure healthy growth and productivity of the plant. Here are some common diseases and pests that might affect the plant and ways to manage them:
Diseases
Leaf spot and blight: Wedelia africana is susceptible to various leaf spot and blight diseases caused by fungal and bacterial pathogens. Symptoms include brown or black spots on the leaves, wilting, and leaf drop. To manage these diseases, remove and destroy the infected leaves and practice good sanitation by keeping the area around the plant clean and free of debris. Fungicidal sprays can also be used, but it is essential to follow the manufacturer's instructions for appropriate use.
Root rot: Root rot is a common disease caused by fungal pathogens that infect the plant's roots, leading to wilting, yellowing, and stunted growth. To manage this disease, ensure proper drainage and avoid over-watering. Infected plants should be removed and destroyed to prevent the spread of the disease to healthy plants.
Pests
Scale insects: Scale insects are common pests that affect Wedelia africana. They produce a sticky substance known as honeydew that attracts ants and promotes the growth of sooty mold. To manage these pests, prune heavily infested parts of the plant and apply insecticidal soap or oil according to the manufacturer's instructions. Beneficial insects, such as ladybugs, can also be introduced to control scale insect populations.
Aphids: Aphids are another common pest that can cause significant damage to Wedelia africana. They suck the sap from the plant's leaves, leading to stunted growth and leaf distortion. To manage these pests, use a strong jet of water to dislodge them or introduce natural predators, such as lacewings and ladybugs. Insecticidal soap or neem oil can also be used, but it is essential to follow the manufacturer's instructions for appropriate use.
Overall, managing diseases and pests in Wedelia africana P.Beauv. var. guineensis (C.D.Adams) Isawumi is critical to ensure healthy plant growth and high productivity levels. Practicing good sanitation, monitoring the plant closely, and using appropriate control measures are key to successfully managing these issues.
