Origin and Common Names
Volkensiophyton neuracanthoides Lindau, also known as the "Chitupa" plant, belongs to the family Acanthaceae and is native to the Democratic Republic of Congo.
General Appearance
The Chitupa plant is a shrub that can grow up to 4 meters tall. It has a woody stem and branches covered with small hairs. The leaves are simple, opposite and measure 11.5-16.5 cm long and 4-8 cm wide. They are oblong-lanceolate, with an acute apex, cuneate base, and are covered with pubescence on both surfaces. The flowers are greenish-yellow, small, and occur in spikes at the end of the branches. The fruits are dry, with two compartments containing small brown seeds.
Uses
The Chitupa plant has several medicinal properties and is used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments. The leaves, bark, and roots are used to treat fever, malaria, gastrointestinal disorders, headaches, and respiratory diseases. The plant also has anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties and can be used as a natural pain reliever. In addition, the bark of the Chitupa plant is rich in tannins and is used in the tanning industry to produce leather.
Light Requirements
Volkensiophyton neuracanthoides Lindau is a tropical plant that requires bright light for optimal growth. It should be placed in a location that receives at least 4 to 6 hours of direct sunlight every day. If the plant does not receive enough light, it may become leggy and weak.
Temperature Requirements
This plant prefers warm temperatures between 70 and 80 degrees Fahrenheit during the day and between 60 and 70 degrees Fahrenheit at night. It can tolerate slightly cooler temperatures, but should be protected from frost.
Soil Requirements
Volkensiophyton neuracanthoides Lindau prefers a well-draining soil that is rich in nutrients. A good soil mix should be made up of equal parts of peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite. It should be kept moist but not water-logged.
Cultivation methods
Volkensiophyton neuracanthoides Lindau is a tropical plant that requires warm temperatures and high humidity to thrive. As such, it should be grown in a temperature range of 20-25°C (68-77°F) and relative humidity of 60-70%. This plant prefers well-drained soils rich in organic matter, such as peat-based mixes. It is best grown in partially shaded to shady areas, away from direct sunlight.
Watering needs
The watering needs of Volkensiophyton neuracanthoides Lindau vary during different seasons. During the growing season, which is the summer, watering should be frequent to keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. On the other hand, during the dormant season, which is the winter, watering should be reduced to prevent the soil from becoming too wet. However, make sure that you do not let the soil completely dry out.
Fertilization
During the growing season, it is recommended that you fertilize Volkensiophyton neuracanthoides Lindau two to three times a month with a balanced fertilizer. The fertilizer should be diluted to half of its recommended strength to prevent overfertilizing, which can damage the plant. During the dormant season, fertilization should be halted or reduced as the plant is not actively growing.
Pruning
Pruning Volkensiophyton neuracanthoides Lindau is not mandatory, but it can promote bushier growth and maintain the plant's shape. Prune any dead or yellowing leaves as soon as you notice them. You can also trim the plant to keep it within a specific size or shape. Use clean and sterilized pruning tools to avoid spreading diseases to the plant.
Propagation of Volkensiophyton neuracanthoides Lindau
Volkensiophyton neuracanthoides Lindau, commonly known as "Ngai camphor" is a rare and endangered plant species found in West and Central Africa and is known for its medicinal properties. The propagation of this plant can be done through two methods: seed propagation and stem cutting propagation.
Seed propagation
Seed propagation is the most commonly used method for Volkensiophyton neuracanthoides Lindau. The seeds should be collected from the matured fruits that are black or brown in color. After collection, the pulp should be removed and washed carefully with clean water, dried, and then sown in sand or soil. The seeds should be covered with a thin layer of soil and watered regularly. Germination can be expected within 2-4 weeks, and the seedlings should be kept in a shaded area and protected from direct sunlight.
Stem cutting propagation
Stem cutting propagation is another method used to propagate Volkensiophyton neuracanthoides Lindau. Cuttings of mature stems of about 20cm long with 2-3 nodes should be collected during the summer months. The leaves of the cuttings should be removed, and the cuttings should be treated with a rooting hormone. The cuttings should be planted in sand in a shaded area and watered regularly. After a month or two, the cuttings should start developing roots and should be ready for transplantation within 6-8 months.
Disease Management
Volkensiophyton neuracanthoides Lindau is prone to certain diseases that can impact its growth and development. Here are some of the most common diseases that affect this plant:
- Leaf spot: This disease is caused by fungal pathogens and results in the appearance of small, brown spots on the leaves. To manage this disease, it is essential to remove any infected plant material and adopt cultural practices that promote leaf dryness.
- Root rot: Overwatering and poor drainage usually cause root rot in this plant. It is advisable to avoid overwatering and ensure that the soil is well-draining. Applying fungicides can also help in managing this disease.
- Anthracnose: Anthracnose is a fungal disease that affects the leaves, stems, and flowers of the plant. It results in the formation of dark or black spots on the plant parts. To manage this disease, it is essential to remove any infected parts of the plant and to practice good cultural practices to reduce the risk of infection.
Pest Management
Although Volkensiophyton neuracanthoides Lindau is relatively pest-resistant, it can still be affected by certain pests. Here are some of the most common pests that affect this plant:
- Spider mites: These tiny pests feed on the plant's leaves, leaving behind yellow spots and webbing. Regular inspection and spraying with insecticidal soaps can help in managing spider mites.
- Whiteflies: Whiteflies are tiny, winged insects that feed on the plant's sap, causing yellowing and stunted growth. Regular inspection and using yellow sticky traps can help in managing whiteflies.
- Mealybugs: Mealybugs are small, white insects that feed on the plant's sap and produce a waxy substance that covers their bodies. They can cause stunted growth, yellowing, and deformities. Regular inspection and using insecticidal soaps can help in managing mealybugs.
