Voacanga Obtusata K.schum. Ex De Wild. & T.durand

Origin

Voacanga obtusata K.Schum. ex De Wild. & T.Durand, also known as West African Yellowwood, is a small tree in the family Apocynaceae, native to tropical West Africa including Cameroon, Gabon, Congo, and Nigeria.

Common Names

The plant Voacanga obtusata K.Schum. ex De Wild. & T.Durand is commonly known by several names, including West African Yellowwood, Eboka, and Obokhiam.

Uses

The plant has traditional medicinal uses in Africa. The roots and bark contain alkaloids, including voacangine and voacamine, which are known for their stimulant, anxiolytic, and aphrodisiac effects. The bark is chewed or boiled and used to treat diarrhea, fever, dysentery, and other ailments in traditional medicine. Voacamine has also been found to have anti-tumor properties, and is currently being studied for its potential in cancer treatment and prevention.

However, the plant is also known for its hallucinogenic properties. The alkaloids present in the plant can cause hallucinations, which has led to its use in religious ceremonies by some indigenous communities in Africa. Its hallucinogenic properties have also led to its recreational use in some parts of the world, although it is illegal in many countries.

General Appearance

Voacanga obtusata K.Schum. ex De Wild. & T.Durand is a small tree that can grow up to 10 meters tall. Its leaves are simple, oblong, and glossy, and can grow up to 17 cm long and 7 cm wide. The plant has small, white or cream-colored flowers that are fragrant and grow in clusters. The fruit is a round, orange-colored berry that is about 2 cm in diameter and contains several seeds. The bark is grayish-brown and rough, and the wood is yellowish-brown and hard.

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Light Requirements

The plant Voacanga obtusata K.Schum. ex De Wild. & T.Durand thrives in bright, indirect light. Direct sunlight can scorch the leaves and stunt the growth of the plant. Therefore, it is best to place the plant near a window where it can receive bright, filtered light for most of the day.

Temperature Requirements

The ideal temperature range for the plant to grow is between 60°F to 80°F (16°C to 27°C). The plant does not tolerate extreme temperatures, and exposure to either hot or cold can damage the plant. If the temperature falls below 55°F (13°C), it can cause the plant to drop its leaves.

Soil Requirements

Voacanga obtusata K.Schum. ex De Wild. & T.Durand grows well in well-draining, fertile soil. The soil should be a blend of peat moss, sand, and perlite. The pH level of the soil should range between 5.5 and 6.5. The soil should be kept moist but not soggy, as overwatering can cause root rot. Providing proper drainage is essential in preventing waterlogging and keeping the soil sufficiently aerated.

Cultivation Methods

Successful cultivation of Voacanga obtusata K.Schum. ex De Wild. & T.Durand requires certain specific conditions. The plant requires warm temperatures between 20 and 24?C, with a humidity level of 70-85%. It is recommended to grow this plant in well-draining soil rich in organic matter, with a pH range of 6.0-7.5. The plant should also be grown in a location that receives partial or filtered sunlight.

Watering Needs

Voacanga obtusata K.Schum. ex De Wild. & T.Durand requires moderate watering. Overwatering can lead to root rot and other fungal diseases. The plant should be watered when the soil is dry to touch, approximately once a week. During the hot summer months, the plant may need more frequent watering, while during the winter, less watering is required.

Fertilization

During the growing season, it is advisable to fertilize the plant using a slow-release fertilizer or an organic fertilizer. This will help to promote healthy foliage growth and flowering. Be careful not to over-fertilize, as this can lead to burnt roots and stunt growth. Fertilization should be done every two to three months.

Pruning

Voacanga obtusata K.Schum. ex De Wild. & T.Durand requires pruning to maintain its shape and size. Prune to remove dead and damaged branches, which will improve air circulation around the plant's foliage. Additionally, pruning will remove diseased branches, helping to prevent the spread of pests. Pruning is best done in late winter or early spring before the plant resumes active growth in the new growing season.

Propagation of Voacanga obtusata K.Schum. ex De Wild. & T.Durand

Voacanga obtusata K.Schum. ex De Wild. & T.Durand, commonly known as African arrow poison or African whitewood, is a tree native to tropical Africa. It is often used in traditional medicine for its medicinal properties. If you are interested in propagating this plant, you can follow the methods outlined below.

Propagation by Seeds

Propagation of Voacanga obtusata K.Schum. ex De Wild. & T.Durand can be achieved through seeds. The seeds are found inside the plant's fruit and can be collected once the fruit ripens. To increase germination rates, it is recommended to wash the seeds and soak them in water for 24 hours before planting. The seeds can be sown directly into the soil or in a nursery bed. Ensure the soil is moist and well-draining. Germination usually takes 2-3 weeks, and the seedlings can be transplanted after 6 months.

Propagation by Cuttings

Propagation by cuttings can also be attempted with Voacanga obtusata K.Schum. ex De Wild. & T.Durand, although it may not always be successful. Stem cuttings should be taken from young, healthy branches in the spring or summer months. Cuttings should be approximately 10 cm in length with a few leaves attached. Dip the cut end in rooting hormone, and plant in a rooting medium made up of sand and peat. Keep the cuttings in a warm, humid location and mist regularly. Rooting should occur within 4-6 weeks, and the young plants can be transplanted once they have established roots.

Propagation of Voacanga obtusata K.Schum. ex De Wild. & T.Durand requires patience and care, but with the right conditions, it can be a successful venture.

Disease Management

Voacanga obtusata K.Schum. ex De Wild. & T.Durand is prone to several diseases that can significantly reduce its yield and quality. Some common diseases that affect this plant include:

• Leaf spot: This fungal disease causes irregular spots on the leaves, which eventually turn brown and fall off. The best way to manage this disease is to remove infected leaves and destroy them. Fungicides can also be applied preventively.
• Anthracnose: This fungal disease affects the stems and leaves of the plant, causing brown spots and lesions. The best way to manage this disease is to prune infected parts of the plant and apply fungicides.
• Root rot: This disease is caused by fungus-like organisms that attack the plant's roots, leading to wilting and rotting. To manage this disease, avoid overwatering the plant and apply fungicides to the soil.

Pest Management

Aside from diseases, Voacanga obtusata K.Schum. ex De Wild. & T.Durand is also susceptible to pests, which can cause significant damage to the plant. Some common pests that affect this plant include:

• Spider mites: These tiny pests attack the leaves of the plant, causing them to appear yellow and speckled. To manage spider mites, use insecticidal soap or neem oil.
• Mealybugs: These soft-bodied insects can be found on the leaves, stems, and roots of the plant. To manage mealybugs, use a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol to remove them.
• Scale insects: These insects attach themselves to the underside of leaves and suck the sap from the plant. To manage scale insects, prune infected parts of the plant and use horticultural oil to control their spread.

Regularly checking your Voacanga obtusata K.Schum. ex De Wild. & T.Durand plant for signs of disease and pests and taking appropriate measures to manage them can help to ensure a healthy and bountiful harvest.