Viola nannae R.E.Fr.
Viola nannae R.E.Fr. is a species of violet plant that belongs to the family Violaceae. It is commonly known as dwarf violet or Nanna's violet, named after the botanist Christian Frederik Lütken's wife, Johanne Nanna Lütken. It is endemic to Greenland and has been found in areas such as Upernavik, Kangerlussuaq, Sisimiut, and Nuussuaq.
Appearance
The dwarf violet plant has a small, herbaceous growth habit, with stems that can range from a few centimeters to 10 centimeters in length. It has rounded and green leaves that are often tinged with purple on the undersides, and its flowers are small and white with a purple tinge. The blooms have five petals and are incredibly fragrant. The plant blooms in early spring, typically in May, and continues to flower until August.
Uses
Viola nannae R.E.Fr. has a rich history of use in traditional Inuit medicine. It has been used to treat a variety of illnesses, including coughs, colds, and fevers. The plant has also been used as a laxative and as a treatment for skin conditions such as eczema and sores. In addition to its medicinal uses, the plant has also been used as a food source by the Inuit people. The leaves are edible and can be used to make a nutritious tea or added to soups and stews.
Light Requirements
Viola nannae R.E.Fr. thrives in full sunlight or partial shade. It should be placed in an area where it receives at least six hours of direct sunlight each day. However, in extremely hot climates, it may require protection from the intense afternoon sun.
Temperature Requirements
Viola nannae R.E.Fr. prefers moderate temperatures and cannot tolerate extreme heat or cold. It grows best in an environment where the temperature ranges between 68 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit during the day and 50 to 55 degrees Fahrenheit at night. If exposed to temperatures outside this range, the plant may suffer from stunted growth or wilt.
Soil Requirements
Viola nannae R.E.Fr. requires well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. It prefers a slightly acidic to neutral soil pH range between 6.0 and 7.0. It can grow in both moist and dry soil conditions as long as the soil is not waterlogged. Prior to planting, it is recommended to mix the existing soil with compost or other organic matter to improve drainage and soil fertility.
Cultivation Methods
Viola nannae R.E.Fr., commonly referred to as Nanna's violet, prefers growing in well-draining, sandy loam soils that are enriched with organic matter. This plant thrives in partial or full shade environments, making it ideal for growing under trees or in woodland gardens. Ensure the location of the violet plant is sheltered from strong winds.
For best results, it is advisable to propagate a new Viola nannae R.E.Fr. plant through seeds. Sow the seeds during the autumn months, or alternatively plant in early spring. Expect the seeds to germinate within four to six weeks when sowing in these seasons. The ideal temperature for seed germination is from 10 to 15 degrees Celsius.
Watering Needs
Viola nannae R.E.Fr. thrives in moist soils. Water regularly to maintain the soil moisture level. However, it is crucial to ensure the soil does not turn waterlogged, as this can lead to the death of the plant. In hot and dry conditions, ensure the soil and plant do not dry out completely, and water frequently. On the other hand, during the rainy season, it might not be necessary to add water regularly, as nature will do it for you.
Fertilization
To encourage strong and healthy growth, Viola nannae R.E.Fr. requires fertilization with a balanced, low-nitrogen feed. Fertilize the plant once a month during the growing season, from the end of spring to the beginning of autumn. During the winter season, reduce the fertilizer application or halt it entirely.
Pruning
Prune Viola nannae R.E.Fr. in early spring to remove the spent flowers, dead or damaged stems and foliage. Pruning the plant encourages strong and healthy growth while promoting flowering when the blooming season returns. Additionally, it is essential to cut back the plant significantly every two or three years to maintain its vigour and create space for new growth.
Propagation of Viola nannae R.E.Fr.
Viola nannae R.E.Fr., also known as Nanna’s violet, is a beautiful perennial plant that can be propagated through various methods. The following are some of the propagation methods for this plant:
Seed propagation
The easiest and most common way to propagate Viola nannae is through seed propagation. The seeds should be collected in late summer or early autumn and stored in a cool, dry place until the following spring. In the spring, sow the seeds in a seed tray filled with a mix of compost and sand. Water the tray gently and place it in a bright, warm spot. The seeds should germinate in 2-3 weeks and can be transplanted into individual pots when they are large enough to handle.
Division
Another method of propagating Viola nannae is through division. This can be done in spring or autumn when the plant is in active growth. Carefully dig up the plant and separate the clumps into smaller sections, making sure that each section has a good root system. Replant the sections in well-drained soil, water them well and keep them moist until they have established.
Cutting propagation
Cutting propagation is another method to propagate Viola nannae. This method involves taking cuttings from a healthy plant in the summer when the plant is in active growth. Cut a 5cm section of new growth and remove the lower leaves. Dip the cut end into rooting hormone and plant into a well-draining potting mix. Keep the soil moist and place it in a bright, warm spot, out of direct sunlight. The cutting should root in 2-3 weeks.
Overall, Viola nannae R.E.Fr. is a relatively easy plant to propagate, and it is possible to create more plants from an existing one using any of the above methods.
Disease and Pest Management for Viola nannae R.E.Fr.
Viola nannae R.E.Fr., commonly known as Dwarf White Violet, is a delicate plant that is susceptible to several diseases and pests. To keep your plant healthy and thriving, it is essential to take proper care and follow prevention measures to avoid infection and infestation. Here are some common diseases and pests that may affect Viola nannae and ways to manage them.
Common Diseases
1. Powdery Mildew: Powdery mildew is a fungal infection that appears as a gray-white powdery coating on the leaves, stems, and flowers of Viola nannae. This disease thrives in humid and moist environments. To manage this, remove any infected parts of the plant and improve air circulation. You can also use fungicides to prevent the spread of the disease.
2. Root Rot: Root rot is a soil-borne disease that affects the roots of the plant, leading to yellowing leaves and stunted growth. The major cause of root rot is overwatering the plant. To manage root rot, always ensure that the soil is well-draining and avoid overwatering. You can also use fungicides to treat and control the disease.
Common Pests
1. Aphids: Aphids are common pests that suck sap from the plant, leading to stunted growth and yellowing leaves. To manage aphids, you can use natural predators like ladybugs or use insecticides to control the infestation.
2. Spider Mites: Spider mites are tiny pests that feed on the underside of the leaves of the plant, leading to discolored and curly leaves. To manage spider mites, wash the leaves regularly and provide humid conditions by misting the plant. You can also use insecticides to control the infestation.
By taking proper care and following prevention measures, you can manage the diseases and pests that may affect Viola nannae and keep your plant healthy and thriving.
