Overview: Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopov) Barbarich
Vincetoxicum rossicum, also known as Pale Swallow-wort, is a herbaceous perennial plant species belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The plant is native to Europe, specifically the regions of Eastern Europe and Western Siberia. However, it has also been introduced to other countries in North America, including the United States and Canada, where it is considered to be an invasive species. Its introduction is believed to have been caused by accidental escape from gardens and horticultural settings.
Common Names
The plant is popularly known as Pale Swallow-wort, but it also has other common names such as dog-strangling vine, and Cynanchum rossicum. The name 'dog-strangling vine' is a reference to the plant's tendency to grow excessively and hindering the growth of other plants in the same environment.
Appearance
The plant has a vine-like climbing habit, with woody stems that can grow up to 2 meters in length. The leaves are opposite and oval-shaped measuring up to 10 cm in length. These leaves are dark green, glossy, and smooth, with no hair. The flowers are small, star-shaped, and pale pink or white, with a diameter of about 7 mm. They bloom from June to September.
The plant produces a fruit known as a follicle, which is about 5 cm long. This fruit splits open when mature, releasing numerous seeds that can be dispersed by the wind. The plant is known for its deep root systems which enable it to gather nutrients and water from deep in the soil, helping it survive extremely dry conditions.
Uses
The plant has no known economic use as it is considered an invasive species. However, its invasive nature has been exploited in some parts of North America, where farmers use it to block unwelcome animals from their fields.
Additionally, certain chemical compounds present in this plant such as vincristine and vinblastine are used to treat cancer and as a sedative.
Growth Conditions for Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopov) Barbarich
Vincetoxicum rossicum, commonly known as black swallow-wort, is a perennial plant native to Europe and central Asia. It was introduced to North America as an ornamental plant but is now considered a noxious weed.
Light Requirements
Vincetoxicum rossicum prefers full sun to partial shade for optimal growth. Plants grown in full shade tend to be less vigorous and have fewer flowers.
Temperature Requirements
Vincetoxicum rossicum grows best in areas with a temperate climate. It is hardy in USDA zones 4-8 and can tolerate temperatures as low as -30 °F (-34 °C). In warmer regions, the plant may go dormant during the hot summer months. The ideal temperature range for the plant is between 60-75 °F (15-24 °C).
Soil Requirements
Vincetoxicum rossicum prefers well-draining soil with a pH range between 6.0-7.5. It can grow in a variety of soil types, including sandy, loamy, and clay soils. However, the plant is highly adaptable and can tolerate poor soil conditions.
Overall, Vincetoxicum rossicum is a hardy and adaptable plant that can grow in a wide range of conditions. It is important to note, though, that the plant can become invasive in certain areas, so it should be grown with caution.
Cultivation Methods
Vincetoxicum rossicum is a hardy plant that is relatively easy to grow. It grows well in full sun and partial shade and prefers well-draining soil. The plant can be propagated by seed or root cuttings.
Watering Needs
While Vincetoxicum rossicum can tolerate dry conditions, it prefers consistently moist soil. It is important to water the plant regularly during dry periods, particularly during the summer months.
Fertilization
Vincetoxicum rossicum does not require a lot of fertilization. However, it will benefit from a balanced fertilizer applied in the spring. Avoid over-fertilizing the plant, as this can lead to excessive vegetative growth instead of flowering.
Pruning
Pruning Vincetoxicum rossicum is not necessary but can help to control the size of the plant. It is best to prune the plant in the early spring, just before new growth appears. Remove any dead or damaged branches and cut back any overgrown stems to maintain the desired shape.
Propagation of Vincetoxicum Rossicum
Vincetoxicum Rossicum, commonly known as dog-strangling vine, is a perennial plant that spreads aggressively. Propagation of this plant is mainly through vegetative means rather than from seeds. The following are the methods of propagation for vincetoxicum rossicum:
Root division
Root division is the most common propagation method for dog-strangling vine. It involves separating the plant into smaller sections, making sure each section has several roots attached. This method is best performed during the early spring or fall, when the plant is not actively growing. Once separated, each section can be transplanted into a new location to establish a new plant.
Cutting propagation
Cutting propagation involves taking stem cuttings from the plant, dipping them into rooting hormone, and then planting them in a growing medium. This method should be performed during the plant's growing season, which typically lasts from spring through fall. With proper care and maintenance, the cuttings will develop roots and can be transplanted into a new location.
Layering
Layering is another propagation method for dog-strangling vine, which involves placing a low-lying stem of the plant in contact with the soil. The stem should be partially buried in the soil and held in place with a stake. After a few weeks, the stem will develop roots, and can be separated from the parent plant and transplanted into a new location.
Disease and Pest Management for Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopov) Barbarich
As with any plant, Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopov) Barbarich is susceptible to a variety of diseases and pests. Here are some common ones and ways to manage them:
Diseases
Fungal Leaf Spots: This disease can be identified by the appearance of brown or black spots on leaves. To manage this disease, remove and destroy any affected leaves and ensure proper drainage to prevent standing water in the soil.
Verticillium Wilt: This disease causes yellowing and wilting of leaves and can eventually lead to plant death. Unfortunately, there is no cure for this disease. The best management strategy is to remove and destroy infected plants and avoid planting susceptible crops in the same area.
Root Rot: This disease is caused by overly wet soil and can cause the plant to yellow and wilt. To manage root rot, ensure proper drainage and avoid overwatering. Fungicides may also be effective in managing root rot.
Pests
Aphids: These small, soft-bodied insects can be found on the underside of leaves and can cause yellowing and stunted growth. To manage aphids, try spraying the plant with a mixture of water and dish soap or using natural predators like ladybugs.
Caterpillars: Caterpillars can eat the leaves and stems of the plant and cause significant damage. To manage caterpillars, try manually removing them or using natural predators like birds.
Japanese Beetles: These insects can skeletonize the leaves of the plant and cause significant damage. To manage Japanese beetles, try manually removing them or using pheromone traps to lure them away from the plant.
By being vigilant about disease and pest management, you can ensure that your Vincetoxicum rossicum (Kleopov) Barbarich remains healthy and vibrant.
