Origin and Common Names
Viguiera ciliata (Robins. & Greenm.) Blake, commonly known as Santa Fe goldeneye or Chihuahuan false goldeneye, is a species of perennial flowering plant belonging to the sunflower family (Asteraceae). It is native to North America and can be found in the US states of Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, and Oklahoma, as well as in northern Mexico.
General Appearance
The Santa Fe goldeneye typically grows up to 2 to 4 feet tall and wide, forming a mound of silver-green foliage with a rounded shape. Its leaves are narrow and elongated, measuring about 2 inches long, with edges that are slightly wavy or toothed. It produces bright yellow flowers that are about 1 inch wide with a dark center disc and showy ray petals, and blooms in the late summer through fall.
Uses
Viguiera ciliata is often used in low-water-use and native desert landscapes and gardens. Due to its drought and heat tolerance, it is a great choice for areas with hot, dry climates. It is also known to attract pollinators, such as bees and butterflies, which can be beneficial for maintaining the biodiversity of an ecosystem. In addition, some indigenous tribes in the southwestern United States have used the plant as a medicinal herb to treat a variety of ailments, such as coughs, infections, and stomachaches.
Light Requirements
Viguiera ciliata typically grows in full sun to partial shade. Full sun is preferred for optimal growth and flowering, but the plant can tolerate some shade. When grown in shade, the plant may become lanky and produce fewer flowers.
Temperature Requirements
Viguiera ciliata is native to Mexico and the southwestern United States, where it grows in warm to hot climates. The plant is adapted to a wide range of temperatures but is most productive when grown in warm conditions (60-90°F). If temperatures get too cold, the plant may go dormant or die back to the ground. Frost and freeze events can be detrimental to the plant, especially if it hasn't had a chance to harden off.
Soil Requirements
Viguiera ciliata prefers well-draining soils that are moist but not waterlogged. The plant can tolerate a range of soil types, including sandy, loamy, and rocky soils. However, the soil pH should be neutral to slightly alkaline (pH 6.5-8.0). The plant is adapted to arid and semi-arid climates, so it is drought-tolerant once established. However, consistent watering during the growing season can improve growth and flowering.
Cultivation Methods for Viguiera Ciliata Plant
Viguiera ciliata, also known as the Chihuahuan goldeneye, is a beautiful flower that can thrive in many different regions with the right care. It does best in a location with full sun and well-draining soil. This plant is fairly drought-tolerant and can withstand high temperatures, making it a great option for areas with hot summers.
Watering Needs for Viguiera Ciliata Plant
While Viguiera ciliata can tolerate drought conditions, it still needs regular watering to thrive. Water it deeply once a week during the summer months and once every two weeks during the winter. Always make sure the soil has dried out completely before watering again, as this plant can easily suffer from root rot if overwatered.
Fertilization for Viguiera Ciliata Plant
You can fertilize the Viguiera ciliata plant every two to three weeks during the growing season using a balanced liquid fertilizer. Be sure to dilute the fertilizer to half its recommended strength, as this plant is sensitive to over-fertilization.
Pruning for Viguiera Ciliata Plant
The Viguiera ciliata plant benefits from regular pruning to keep it looking its best and maintain overall health. You should prune it back by one-third of its size in the spring to promote new growth and encourage bushier growth habits. Additionally, you should remove dead or damaged plant parts regularly, as this promotes the growth of new, healthy foliage.
Propagation of Viguiera ciliata
Viguiera ciliata, commonly known as the Hairy-leaved Goldeneye, belongs to the aster family and is indigenous to the United States, mainly Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. It is a hardy, drought-tolerant plant that can grow in several soil types and is simple to propagate. There are two primary propagation methods:
Propagation from seed
The most straightforward method to propagate Viguiera ciliata is through seeds. The plant's fruits are tiny achenes, which are easily dispersed by wind. Collecting mature fruits between late summer and early winter when they become dry and brown is essential for successful cultivation. Harvested fruits must be broken open to extract the seeds, which, again, should be stored at room temperature.
For better results, the seeds must stratify indoors for a month before planting. This is accomplished by keeping the seeds in a moist paper towel and placing them in a plastic bag in the fridge. After stratification, the seeds can be planted in the desired soil mix in spring. The soil should be well-draining, and the seeds should be sown at a depth of 1/8" to 1/4".
Vegetative propagation
The Hairy-leaved Goldeneye can also be propagated vegetatively with stem cuttings. Rooting hormone is recommended to quicken rooting. During the growing season, take stem cuttings that are around 6 inches long with a sharp, clean pair of shears. Remove leaves from the lower part of the cutting and dip the cutting in rooting hormone powder.
Fill a pot with well-draining soil, and moisten the soil before inserting the cuttings at least an inch deep. Cover the pot with a plastic bag to retain moisture and warmth, place in indirect sunlight, and monitor daily for several weeks to ensure the soil remains damp.
Disease Management
Viguiera ciliata is a relatively low-maintenance plant that is not prone to many diseases. However, certain conditions may lead to common fungal infections such as leaf spot, powdery mildew, and root rot. To prevent these diseases, maintain proper sanitation by removing any diseased plant material promptly. Additionally, avoid overwatering and ensure proper drainage as these conditions can encourage the growth of fungal pathogens. In case of an outbreak, use a fungicide labeled for use on Viguiera ciliata after identifying the specific disease affecting your plants.
Pest Management
Viguiera ciliata is also relatively resistant to many pests, but it can be affected by aphids, spider mites, and whiteflies. These pests can cause damage to the leaves and reduce plant growth by feeding on its sap. If not managed properly, they can quickly multiply and cause severe infestations. To control these pests, use insecticidal soap, neem oil or a pesticide that specifically targets them. Regular monitoring of the garden can help in early identification and prevention of pests before the situation gets out of control.
