Overview
Tylostemon angustitepalus K.Krause is a flowering plant species that belongs to the family Lamiaceae. It originated in Africa and is commonly found in Zimbabwe, Malawi, Mozambique, and Zambia. The plant is also known by its common names, namely "narrow-sepaled tylostemon" and "narrow-petal thymus."Appearance
The Tylostemon angustitepalus K.Krause plant is a perennial herb that can grow up to 1 meter tall. It has a woody stem and a quadrangular shape, with leaves that are arranged in opposite pairs. The leaves are elliptic or ovate in shape, and have a dark green color. The flowers are characterized by their small size and pale lavender to blue-purple color that grow in 6-8 cm long spikes. The flower corolla is about 8-10mm long, with two lips. The upper lip is straight and erect, while the lower lip is obliquely angled.Uses
Tylostemon angustitepalus K.Krause is commonly used in African traditional medicine for its various healing properties. The plant has been known to have antibacterial, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory effects. The leaves of the plant are used to treat various oral problems like toothache, gum inflammations, and mouth ulcers. The plant is also used as a natural remedy for coughs and colds, and its essential oil is used to provide relief from headaches. In addition, the plant also contains essential oils that are used in perfumes and aromatherapy.Cultivation
Tylostemon angustitepalus K.Krause can be cultivated through seed propagation or vegetative propagation using stem cuttings. The plant prefers well-drained soils and grows well in full sun to partial shade, but it requires regular watering. The plant thrives in warm tropical climates and can be grown both in pots or directly in the ground. The plant is easy to care for and does not require regular fertilization or pruning.Light Requirements
The plant Tylostemon angustitepalus K.Krause requires bright light but not direct sunlight. It needs at least 4-6 hours of indirect light daily to thrive. Exposure to too much direct sunlight can cause the leaves to turn yellow and wilt, while too little light can result in stunted growth and poor flowering. Therefore, it is recommended to place the plant near a bright window that receives morning or evening sunlight.
Temperature Requirements
The ideal temperature range for growing Tylostemon angustitepalus K.Krause is between 18°C to 24°C (64°F to 75°F). The plant can tolerate slightly cooler temperatures but cannot survive freezing temperatures. Therefore, it is important to keep the plant away from drafty windows or doors, air conditioners, and heating vents. It is advisable to maintain a relatively consistent temperature range for optimum growth.
Soil Requirements
Tylostemon angustitepalus K.Krause prefers well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. The soil pH should range between 5.5 to 6.5. It is recommended to use a soil mix that contains peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite. These components help in retaining moisture while ensuring good drainage. Additionally, the plant needs regular fertilization with a balanced fertilizer. The frequency of fertilization depends on the size of the pot and the growth rate of the plant. When watering, ensure that the soil is sufficiently moist and not waterlogged.
Cultivation Methods
Tylostemon angustitepalus K.Krause is an evergreen shrub that requires a well-drained and fertile soil. Ensure that the soil is deep, moist, and rich in organic matter. It also thrives in areas with high humidity and partial shade. To propagate this plant, use seedlings or stem cuttings from healthy parent plants. Transplant it into a bigger pot or a well-prepared garden bed with enough room for the roots to spread.
Watering Needs
The watering needs of Tylostemon angustitepalus K.Krause vary depending on the season, humidity levels, and the environment. During the dry season, ensure that the soil is consistently moist, but not waterlogged. Water it thoroughly two to three times a week. In the rainy season, water it less frequently, maybe once a week, and monitor the soil moisture levels to avoid overwatering.
Fertilization
Fertilization is essential to ensure healthy growth and longevity of Tylostemon angustitepalus K.Krause. Apply a balanced fertilizer every three months to boost its growth. Use a slow-release fertilizer, and make sure you follow the instructions carefully to avoid over-fertilization. In addition, it is essential to incorporate organic matter, such as compost, into the soil before planting to provide additional nutrients.
Pruning
Pruning is an essential part of care for Tylostemon angustitepalus K.Krause. It helps maintain its shape and promotes blooming. Prune the plant in late winter or early spring by removing dead or diseased wood, weak growth, and old flowers. Also, if it becomes too leggy, prune the branches back by a third or a half to encourage fuller growth from the base. Regular pruning helps keep this plant healthy and beautiful for many years to come.
Propagation of Tylostemon angustitepalus K.Krause
Tylostemon angustitepalus K.Krause is a plant species that can be propagated through different methods, including seed germination, stem cuttings, and division.
Seed germination
Seeds of Tylostemon angustitepalus K.Krause can be collected from mature fruits, which are small capsules that contain several seeds. Seeds should be sown in a well-draining substrate, such as a mix of coarse sand and peat moss, and kept moist until germination occurs. Germination usually takes 2-4 weeks, and seedlings should be transplanted to individual pots when they have developed a few leaves.
Stem cuttings
Stem cuttings from Tylostemon angustitepalus K.Krause should be taken from healthy and mature plants during the growing season. Cuttings should be 5-10 cm long and should include at least one node. Cuttings should be dipped in a rooting hormone powder before being planted in a substrate mix of peat moss and perlite. Cuttings should be kept in a warm and humid environment, such as a greenhouse or a propagator, until they develop roots. Once rooted, cuttings can be transplanted to individual pots.
Division
Division is a propagation method that can be used for mature and clump-forming plants of Tylostemon angustitepalus K.Krause. The plant should be carefully removed from its pot or soil, and the root ball should be gently separated into two or more sections. Each section should have some roots and shoots, and should be planted separately in a well-draining substrate. Plants obtained by division may take some time to establish, but they tend to be more robust and resilient to environmental stress.
Disease Management
Tylostemon angustitepalus K.Krause, commonly known as Angraecum florulentum, is a hardy plant that is not very prone to diseases. However, some common plant diseases that can affect it include:
- Crown Rot: This is a fungal disease that affects the stem and the leaves of the plant. The infected parts of the plant may appear black or brown, and the leaves may wilt.
- Leaf Spot: This is another fungal disease that causes small circular spots on the leaves, which may eventually turn yellow, brown, or black.
- Root Rot: This disease is caused by various types of fungi and can be caused by overwatering or poor drainage. The symptoms include a brownish black discoloration of the roots and wilting leaves.
To manage these diseases, it is important to maintain good hygiene practices, such as keeping the plant clean and avoiding overwatering. Fungicides may be used in severe cases, but it is important to select the appropriate fungicide for the specific disease.
Pest Management
There are several pests that can affect Tylostemon angustitepalus, including:
- Mealybugs: These pests can be spotted on the leaves, stem, and flowers of the plant. They appear as small, white, cottony masses and may cause leaf drop or stunted growth.
- Aphids: These small insects suck the sap from the leaves, causing them to curl or wilt. They can be found on the underside of the leaves.
- Mites: These tiny arachnids can cause yellowing of the leaves and a general decline in the health of the plant. They are often found on the underside of the leaves.
To manage these pests, it is important to monitor the plant regularly and remove any visible pests manually. Insecticidal soap or neem oil can be used in severe cases, but it is important to follow the instructions on the label and not to overuse the pesticide. Biological control methods, such as introducing natural predators, can also be effective in managing these pests.
