Tragus Major (hack.) Stapf

Introduction: Tragus major (Hack.) Stapf

Tragus major, also known as Large Burrgrass or Big Bur Grass, belongs to the family Poaceae or grass family. This plant is native to Europe and grows widely across Asia, particularly in China, Korea and Japan. It was also introduced in the Americas and now found in several states in the United States.

Appearance

Tragus major is a perennial grass that can grow up to 30-80 cm tall. It has a robust and erect stem that branches out near the top. The leaves are flat and narrow, measuring about 1-7 cm long and 3-10 mm wide. The inflorescence is a panicle-shaped cluster of spikelets, measuring about 3-8 cm long. The spikelets are arranged in long, curved and spiny burrs, which are about 10 mm in diameter.

Uses

Tragus major is known for its hardiness and tolerance to extreme weather conditions, making it a popular choice for landscaping and erosion control. Additionally, the plant serves as food for livestock in its native regions in Europe and Asia. Its burrs, although prickly, have been used to create novelty items like keychains and decorative items.

There have been no significant medicinal uses for Tragus major, but a study showed potential as a natural inhibitor of the enzyme elastase, which can lead to the degradation of elastin, an important protein in maintaining the elasticity of skin tissues.

Conclusion

Tragus major is a grass species that originated from Europe and widely found in Asia. It is a hardy plant that serves multiple purposes from landscaping and erosion control to being a source of food for livestock. Although this plant has no significant medicinal uses, a scientific study showed that it has potential anti-aging properties, which could prove useful in the cosmetics industry.

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Light Requirements

Tragus major (Hack.) Stapf typically grows best under full sun exposure. It thrives in open fields, meadows, and rocky terrain, where there is ample light. The plant adapts well in sunny locations and is often found on roadside banks and sandy areas.

Temperature Requirements

The plant prefers warm temperatures and can grow in tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions. It can tolerate temperatures above 30 °C and can survive frost and cold spells during winter. However, the ideal temperatures for the growth of Tragus major range between 15 °C - 25 °C.

Soil Requirements

Tragus major grows best in well-drained sandy or loamy soils with neutral to alkaline pH. The plant can also grow in heavy clay soils but is less tolerant of wet or poorly drained soils. The ideal soil depth for the growth of Tragus major ranges between 15 cm - 60 cm, with good aeration and drainage. It can tolerate drought conditions but requires occasional watering during extended dry periods.

Cultivation Methods for Tragus Major (Hack.) Stapf

Tragus major is a drought-tolerant plant that grows well in warm and dry conditions. It prefers well-drained soil with a pH between 6.0 and 7.5. The best planting time is in the spring, once the frost has passed. For cultivation, the plant should be planted at a depth of around 1/4 inch and be watered generously after planting. In addition, spacing the plants at a distance of 12 to 18 inches apart would create room for healthy growth and development.

Watering Needs for Tragus Major (Hack.) Stapf

Tragus major is a drought-resistant plant that grows well in warm and dry weather conditions. Therefore, it doesn't require frequent watering. However, during its first few weeks of planting, it's essential to keep the soil moist to encourage its growth. Once the plant matures, watering only when the soil is completely dry can be adequate. This plant can suffer root rot when overwatered or when there's poor drainage.

Fertilization for Tragus Major (Hack.) Stapf

Tragus major does not require a lot of fertilization, but when done correctly, it can improve its growth and overall health. It's advisable to fertilize the soil before planting or in early spring, after the frost has passed. Loosely scattering a mild fertilizer, with equal parts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (N-P-K), a few inches from the plant's base can help it thrive. Avoid over-fertilizing as it can harm the plant.

Pruning for Tragus Major (Hack.) Stapf

Pruning can promote the healthy growth of Tragus major. A good time to prune is in early spring, once the frost has passed. Trim the plant to remove any damaged or dead branches, allowing for the development of new branches. This helps to prevent any overcrowding, improving air circulation, and giving the plant a fresh and healthy look. Shortening the plant's height by about one-third can encourage bushier growth and make it look more attractive.

Propagation of Tragus major (Hack.) Stapf

Tragus major (Hack.) Stapf, commonly known as big sandbur, is a plant that belongs to the Poaceae family. This plant is typically propagated by seeds.

Seed Propagation

The best method of propagation for Tragus major is through seed propagation. It is important to note that Tragus major seeds have a hard seed coat and may need to be scarified before planting. This can be done by nicking the seed coat with a knife or sandpaper or by soaking the seeds in warm water for 24 hours, which will help to soften the seed coat.

Once the seeds have been scarified, they can be planted in well-draining soil and covered lightly with soil. The seeds should be watered regularly, but care should be taken not to overwater as this can cause the seeds to rot. It is important to keep the soil consistently moist until the seeds germinate, which usually takes between 7 and 21 days.

After the seedlings have grown to a height of approximately 4 inches, they can be transplanted into their permanent location. Tragus major prefers full sun and well-draining soil.

It is important to note that Tragus major can become invasive if not controlled, so care should be taken when planting and propagating this plant.

Disease and Pest Management for Tragus major (Hack.) Stapf

Tragus major (Hack.) Stapf, also known as large burgrass, is a species of grass that belongs to the Poaceae family. As with any plant, it is susceptible to various diseases and pests that can compromise its health and appearance. Here are some of the common problems that may affect Tragus major and how to manage them:

Diseases

1. Leaf smut - Leaf smut is a fungal disease that appears as small black spots on the leaves. The infected leaves may turn yellow and die. To manage this disease, remove and dispose of infected plant material and avoid planting Tragus major in areas where the disease is prevalent.

2. Rust - Rust is a fungal disease that causes yellowish-orange spores to appear on the leaves. The infected leaves may wither and turn brown. To manage rust, remove infected plant material and improve air circulation around the plant. An application of fungicide may also be necessary.

3. Brown patch - Brown patch is a fungal disease that causes circular patches of dead grass. The patches may have a reddish-brown ring around the edge. Avoid overwatering or watering late in the day to prevent this disease. A fungicide can also be used to treat infected areas.

Pests

1. Armyworms - Armyworms are caterpillars that feed on the leaves of Tragus major. A large infestation can cause extensive damage to the plant. Use insecticides to control armyworms.

2. Chinch bugs - Chinch bugs are tiny insects that suck the sap from the grass blades, causing the grass to yellow and die. Use insecticides and proper cultural practices, such as mowing at the right height and proper fertilization, to prevent chinch bugs from infesting Tragus major.

3. Sod webworms - Sod webworms are the larvae of lawn moths that feed on the roots and stems of Tragus major. Use insecticides to control this pest, and encourage birds and other natural predators to reduce the population.

With proper care and management, Tragus major can thrive and add beauty to any landscape. Regular monitoring and prompt intervention can prevent or limit damage caused by diseases and pests.