Overview
Tradescantia axillaris L. is a trailing perennial plant species native to many parts of Central and South America. It belongs to the genus Tradescantia in the Commelinaceae family and is also commonly known as White Velvet, White-Flowered Wandering Jew, and White-Flowered Spiderwort among other names. This plant species is often cultivated as an ornamental plant and is grown for its attractive foliage and blooms.
Appearance
The Tradescantia axillaris plant is a mat-forming species that typically grows up to 10 to 15 cm tall, with a spread of up to 60 cm. The stems of the plant are slender, hairy, and trailing, and form roots at the nodes that come in contact with the soil. The leaves of the plant are shiny, smooth, and fleshy, and are typically lanceolate in shape with pointed tips. The leaves are usually light green in color and can grow up to 7 cm long and 2 cm wide. The plant blooms throughout the year, producing small white flowers that are borne on long stalks arising from the leaf axils.
Uses
Tradescantia axillaris has several uses both ornamental and medicinal. As an ornamental plant, this species is used in hanging baskets, borders and ground covers because of its trailing habit, attractive foliage, and occasional flowers. The species is also cultivated as a medicinal plant by indigenous peoples of Central and South America, and its leaves are used externally for the treatment of wounds and other skin conditions. The plant is believed to exhibit anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties that contribute to its effectiveness as a medicinal herb.
Conclusion
Tradescantia axillaris L. is a fascinating plant that offers both ornamental and medicinal value. Its trailing habit, hairy stems, and fleshy leaves make it an attractive addition to a variety of garden spaces, while its anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties make it a useful medicinal herb.
Light Conditions
Tradescantia axillaris L. thrives in bright but indirect light conditions. It can tolerate low light levels, but it may hamper the growth of the plant. The plant must be shielded from direct sunlight as it can burn the foliage. Hence, it is best to place the plant in a spot that receives bright, filtered light.
Temperature Requirements
The plant prefers warm and humid environments. Ideally, the temperature range should be between 18°C to 27°C. Do not keep the plant near cold drafts, air conditioners, or heaters as it can harm the plant's growth. The plant can withstand mildly cold temperatures for a short period, but a prolonged exposure can severely damage the plant.
Soil Requirements
The plant thrives in well-draining, nutrient-rich, and slightly acidic soil. Soil with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.0 is ideal for Tradescantia axillaris L. The plant enjoys moist soil but not waterlogged soil, which can cause root rot. Adding peat moss to the soil is beneficial as it increases the soil's water-holding capacity and lowers the pH level. Loamy soil with a blend of peat moss, sand, and perlite is ideal for the plant's optimum growth.
Cultivation Methods
Tradescantia axillaris L. thrives in moist, well-draining soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH range. It prefers partial shade to full sun but can also grow indoors in bright, indirect light conditions. Plant outdoors during spring or fall and keep a distance of about 12 inches between each plant.
Watering Needs
The plant requires regular watering to maintain its moisture levels. Water the soil regularly, ensuring that it never dries out completely. However, avoid overwatering as it can lead to root rot. Making the soil slightly moist is sufficient for the growth of this plant.
Fertilization
Tradescantia axillaris L. does not require much fertilizer. Fertilize the plant once or twice a month with an all-purpose fertilizer diluted to half its strength during the growing season. Do not fertilize during winter or when the plant is dormant.
Pruning
The plant benefits from occasional pruning to promote the growth of new branches and maintain a bushy shape. Remove any dead, yellow, or diseased leaves as soon as they appear. Cut back the plant by one-third or half-nodes in late winter or early spring to stimulate new growth and maintain its size.
Propagation of Tradescantia axillaris L.
Tradescantia axillaris L. is a beautiful trailing plant with attractive lanceolate leaves and small delicate flowers. It is an excellent houseplant and can also be grown outdoors in gardens and containers. It propagates easily through various methods.
Propagation through stem cuttings
Propagation of Tradescantia axillaris L. is commonly done through stem cuttings. Select a mature, healthy stem and cut it just below a node. A node is the area on the stem where the leaf emerges. Each cutting should be approximately 5-6 inches long and have at least a few leaves attached. Remove the lower leaves and keep only the top few leaves. Dip the cuttings in rooting hormone powder and plant them in moist potting soil. Water regularly, keeping the soil consistently moist, and place the cuttings in an area with bright, indirect light. In a few weeks, new growth should appear, and roots will begin to form.
Propagation through division
Propagation of Tradescantia axillaris L. can also be done through division. This method works best when the plant has become crowded, and you want to propagate new plants without harming the parent plant. Carefully remove the plant from the pot and separate the clumps into smaller sections, ensuring that each section has healthy roots and shoots. Plant each section in fresh, well-draining soil in separate containers. Water the newly planted sections thoroughly and keep the soil moist until the new plants become established.
Propagation through seeds
Propagation of Tradescantia axillaris L. can also be done through sowing seeds. This method requires more time, effort, and patience. Plant the seeds in a well-draining potting mix and cover lightly with soil. Keep the soil consistently moist and place the container in a warm, bright area. Germination should occur in approximately two to four weeks. Once the seedlings have grown and become established, transplant them into individual containers or a garden bed.
Propagation of Tradescantia axillaris L. is simple and rewarding. Whether you choose to propagate through stem cuttings, division, or seeds, your new plants will add to the beauty and diversity of your garden or indoor space.
Disease Management
Tradescantia axillaris L. is a quite sturdy plant species, but it is still susceptible to some diseases. To minimize plant diseases, the following management strategies should be taken:
- Sanitation Measures: The removal of dead leaves and other debris in and around the plant can help reduce the incidence of disease. Diseased plant parts should be removed immediately to minimize the spread of disease.
- Avoid Overcrowding: Plants should be spaced apart to provide good air circulation, which will help reduce the occurrence of fungal diseases.
- Avoid Excessive Moisture: Overwatering or poor drainage can lead to root rot. Avoid getting water on the leaves and allow soil to dry out between waterings.
- Fungicides: If diseases persist, you can use fungicides. Contact a professional to determine the best fungicide to use for your specific situation.
Pest Management
Tradescantia axillaris L. is also prone to insect and mite attacks. Keeping good sanitation practices and maintaining a healthy plant can help prevent pest infestations. Below are some ways that can help in pest management:
- Insecticidal Soap: This is a safe and effective way to control soft-bodied insects like aphids, mealybugs, and spider mites. Follow the product label carefully and apply as directed.
- Neem Oil: This is an organic insecticide that is safe for people and pets. It controls a wide range of pests like mites, whiteflies, and thrips.
- Biological Control: This is a process of using predators or parasites to control pests. Ladybugs and lacewings are beneficial insects that can eat aphids and other soft-bodied insects.
