Overview
Trachycalymma buchwaldii (Schltr. & K.Schum.) Goyder, also known as the African Bulbous plant, is a flowering plant that belongs to the family Apocynaceae. It is native to tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, including Tanzania and Kenya.
Common Names
The plant is commonly known by several names depending on its location, some of which include:
- African Bulbous plant
- Trachycalymma
- Yellow-flowered Trachycalymma
- Buchwald's Trachycalymma
- Schltr. & K.Schum.
Appearance
Trachycalymma buchwaldii is a perennial herbaceous plant that grows up to 60cm tall. It has a small bulb-like structure that is triangular to oblong in shape and is about 1-2cm in diameter. The leaves are lance-shaped, glossy, and have a yellowish-green color. The flowers are yellow and star-shaped, with a diameter of about 2cm. The fruits are follicles that are about 3cm long and contain many flat seeds.
Uses
Trachycalymma buchwaldii has some medicinal properties in African traditional medicine. The bulb of the plant is used to treat snake bites, eye ailments, toothaches, and fevers. The plant is also used for ornamental purposes in gardens and parks.
Light Conditions
Trachycalymma buchwaldii requires bright but indirect light conditions. Direct sunlight can scorch its leaves and damage the plant. Ideally, placing the plant near a north or east-facing window is an excellent option as it can get filtered light as well.
Temperature
Trachycalymma buchwaldii does well under normal room temperature between 65°F to 75°F during the day. At night, the plant can tolerate slightly cooler temperatures around 60°F to 65°F without any adverse effects. It should be kept between these temperatures to ensure healthy growth and prevent stunted growth and potential plant death.
Soil Requirements
Trachycalymma buchwaldii prefers well-draining soil that retains enough moisture to keep the roots healthy. The soil should be fertile with a slightly acidic to a neutral pH range (between 6.2 to 7). A mixture including peat moss, perlite, or sand can provide excellent drainage and aeration to the soil.
Cultivation of Trachycalymma buchwaldii
Trachycalymma buchwaldii is native to Madagascar and grows well under controlled conditions in most regions. The plant is well suited to a tropical or subtropical climate, and it should be cultivated in areas with a temperature of 18°C to 27°C.
It is best to plant Trachycalymma buchwaldii in well-drained soil, which mimics its natural habitat. A soil mix with a pH of 5 to 7 is recommended. The best potting mix is made up of a combination of peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite. When planting, ensure the plant's roots have plenty of space to spread out.
Watering Needs
Trachycalymma buchwaldii requires moderate watering. Like many of its succulent relatives, it is adapted to an arid climate and can withstand moderate drought. Watering is best done when the soil is dry to the touch at a depth of about one inch. Excessive watering leads to root rot and the plant's death.
Fertilization
Trachycalymma buchwaldii is a slow-growing plant and does not require frequent fertilization. Fertilize the plant with a cactus or succulent-specific fertilizer twice per year, once in the spring and once in the fall. In addition, apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer twice per year to maintain optimal growth.
Pruning
Trachycalymma buchwaldii, like many cacti and succulents, does not require much pruning. Any unwanted or damaged growth can be removed with sterilized pruning shears. To maintain a healthy shape, remove the top rosette once the plant has reached maturity.
Protect Trachycalymma buchwaldii from frost, high winds, and extreme heat. Under harsh weather conditions, it is essential to provide the plant with proper protection from temperature and wind fluctuations.
Propagation of Trachycalymma buchwaldii
Trachycalymma buchwaldii is a fast-growing plant that can easily be propagated by seeds or stem cuttings.
Propagation by seeds
Seeds can be collected from the plant's mature fruits which usually ripen in the late summer. The seeds should be dried before planting to increase their chances of germination. To plant, the seeds should be sown in a mixture of sand and peat moss and kept in a warm and moist environment until they germinate, which can take up to several weeks. Once germinated, the seedlings should be transplanted to individual pots and kept in a sheltered location until they become stronger.
Propagation by stem cuttings
Stem cuttings can be taken from the parent plant during the growing season. Cuttings should be taken from mature and healthy stems that have at least two nodes. The cuttings should be around 10 cm in length and should be removed from the plant using a clean and sharp knife. The lower leaves should be removed, and the cuttings should be dipped in rooting hormone before being planted in a well-draining potting mix. Cuttings should be kept in a warm and humid environment until they develop roots, which can take up to several weeks. Once roots have formed, the new plants should be transplanted into individual pots and kept in a sheltered location.
Disease Management
The Trachycalymma buchwaldii plant is susceptible to several diseases that can cause considerable damage to the plant, resulting in stunted growth, discoloration, and even death of the plant. One of the common diseases that affect this plant is fungal infections. Fungal infections occur when there is an excess of moisture, and it is essential to keep the leaves and stems as dry as possible. To prevent fungal infections, it is recommended to use fungicides as soon as you notice the signs of an infection. Also, ensure that the plant is not overcrowded and has enough space for air circulation.
Another common issue with Trachycalymma buchwaldii is viral infections. Viral infections cannot be treated, and so prevention is key. The best way to avoid viral infections is to ensure that you plant disease-free plants and sanitize all equipment before use. Viral infections can spread through soil, equipment, and even water and so it is essential to be extra cautious when handling the plant, as well as cleaning and sanitizing all gardening tools and equipment after use.
Pest Management
Trachycalymma buchwaldii is also prone to pests that can cause severe damage to the plant. One of the pests that commonly affect this plant is spider mites. Spider mites feed on the sap of the plant, leading to yellowing and eventually dying leaves. To control spider mites, you can spray neem oil every two to three days until the infestation is under control.
An aphid infestation can also cause damage to the Trachycalymma buchwaldii plant. Aphids suck the sap from the plant, causing stunted growth and eventually death. To control aphids, you can introduce ladybugs to the garden as they feed on the aphid population. Additionally, you can also use insecticidal soap, which will kill the pests and protect the plant.
Like any other plant, Trachycalymma buchwaldii can be affected by diseases and pests. However, with proper management, you can prevent and control these issues and keep your plant healthy and thriving.
