Introduction
Thelypodium sagittatum (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Endl. ex Walp. ssp. ovalifolium (Rydb.) Al-Shehbaz is a perennial plant belonging to the Brassicaceae family. It is known by several common names, including arrowleaf thelypody, arrowleaf thelypodium, and oval-leaf thelypodium.Origin and Distribution
Arrowleaf thelypody is native to North America, specifically found in the western regions of the United States, including Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. The plant thrives in open forests, mountain meadows, and rocky areas from elevations of 4,000-11,000 feet.Uses
Arrowleaf thelypody has several traditional uses by indigenous people. The roots and leaves of the plant were used to treat sore throats, coughs, and colds. The root is also used as a fever reducer and to treat skin rashes or itching. Native Americans also used the leaves in a poultice to treat injuries and wounds. Additionally, arrowleaf thelypody is used as a food source by some Native American tribes. The leaves contain vitamin C, and the seeds are edible, with a nutty flavor.Appearance
Arrowleaf thelypody can grow up to one meter in height, with stems that are densely covered in short, fine hairs. The leaves vary in size and shape but are typically lance-shaped or narrowly elliptic, with an arrowhead-shaped base, hence its common name. The flowers are clustered in a long raceme, and each flower has four pale lavender or white petals. The plant blooms from April to August, producing thin, seed pods containing small black seeds. In summary, arrowleaf thelypody is a fascinating plant that has found various traditional uses and is integral to the culture and history of some native tribes. Its unique shape and beautiful flowers make it an attractive addition to any garden or natural area.Light conditions
Thelypodium sagittatum ssp. ovalifolium typically grows in areas of full sun or partial shade. They can also thrive in areas with a little more shade, but the plant tends to have less flowers and nimble growth.
Temperature requirements
The plant can grow in areas with a wide range of temperatures, from warm temperate to sub-alpine. However, they usually grow well in areas with a continental climate with hot summers and cold winters. The plant goes dormant during the winter months to protect itself from the harsh temperatures.
Soil requirements
Thelypodium sagittatum ssp. ovalifolium is a versatile plant and can grow in a variety of soil types. However, it grows best in loose, well-draining soils that have medium moisture.
It can tolerate soils that are slightly acidic, neutral or slightly alkaline. The plant can also grow in soils with low fertility, but it tends to prefer soils with high fertility.
If planting in a garden setting, it's essential to ensure proper drainage to avoid root rot, which is a common problem with this plant.
Cultivation methods
Thelypodium sagittatum (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Endl. ex Walp. ssp. ovalifolium (Rydb.) Al-Shehbaz, commonly known as arrowleaf thelypody, is a hardy perennial plant that can grow up to 2 feet tall and 1 foot wide. It is native to western North America, and it is adaptable to a wide range of soil types, including clay, loam, and sandy soils. To cultivate arrowleaf thelypody, choose a sunny spot with well-draining soil. The plant prefers full sun but can also tolerate partial shade. Make sure the soil is moist but not waterlogged, as the plant is susceptible to root rot in wet conditions. It is best to plant the seeds in the fall, but you can also start them indoors in the late winter and transplant them outside in the spring.Watering needs
Arrowleaf thelypody plants require moderate watering. Water the plant when the topsoil feels dry, but avoid overwatering as it can lead to root rot. Check the soil's moisture level by inserting your finger into the soil up to the second knuckle. If it feels dry, then it's time to water the plant. During the hot summer months, you may need to water the plant more frequently to prevent the soil from drying out.Fertilization
Arrowleaf thelypody plants do not require heavy fertilization. You can apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in the spring to help the plant establish healthy growth. Follow the instructions on the fertilizer package for the correct application rate. Avoid over-fertilization, as it can lead to excessive foliage growth and reduced flower production.Pruning
Arrowleaf thelypody plants do not require frequent pruning. Remove any dead or damaged foliage as needed to maintain the plant's overall health and appearance. After the plant has finished blooming, you can deadhead the spent flowers to promote additional flower production. In the fall, cut the plant back to its base to prepare it for winter.Propagation of Thelypodium sagittatum ssp. ovalifolium
Thelypodium sagittatum ssp. ovalifolium, commonly known as Arrowleaf thelypody, is a native plant of North America. Propagating this plant is relatively easy and can be done through various methods, including:
Seed Propagation
Seed propagation is the most common and easiest method of propagating Arrowleaf thelypody. The seeds of this plant should be sown in the fall, allowing them to go through the winter stratification period in the soil. Come spring, the seeds will germinate and produce new plants. Ensure that the seeds are sown in well-draining soil with a pH between 5.8 and 7.0.
Division
Arrowleaf thelypody can also be propagated through division, which involves taking cuttings from healthy plants and striking them in well-draining soil. The cuttings should be taken during the spring or fall, ensuring that they have a few leaves and a healthy stem. Dip the cuttings in rooting hormone before planting them in soilless potting mix. Keep the potting mix moist, and the cutting should root in two to four weeks.
Transplanting
Another method of propagating Arrowleaf thelypody is through transplanting. Transplanting is best done during the fall or spring when the plant is dormant. Dig a clump of the plant from the ground, making sure to get as much of the root system as possible. Replant the clump in a new hole, ensuring that the soil is well-draining and moist.
Overall, propagating Thelypodium sagittatum ssp. ovalifolium is an easy process and can be done through various methods. Ensure that the plant is grown in well-draining soil with a neutral pH and receives adequate sunlight and moisture.
Disease Management
Thelypodium sagittatum (Nutt. ex Torr. & Gray) Endl. ex Walp. ssp. ovalifolium (Rydb.) Al-Shehbaz is generally a hardy plant that is not prone to many diseases. However, there are a few illnesses that can affect the plant.
Black Spot Fungus: Black spot fungus is a common fungal disease that can affect many flowering plants, including Thelypodium sagittatum. The disease appears as black or brown spots on the foliage. To manage black spot fungus, prune away infected foliage and apply a fungicide.
Verticillium Wilt: Verticillium wilt is a soil-borne fungal disease that can cause wilted foliage, yellowing, and stunted growth. The disease can be managed by removing infected foliage and soil and replacing it with sterilized soil.
Pest Management
Like many plants, Thelypodium sagittatum can also be affected by pests. The following are some of the common pest issues that can impact the growth of Thelypodium sagittatum.
Aphids: Aphids are common sap-sucking pests that can damage Thelypodium sagittatum by stunting growth and spreading diseases. The pests can be controlled with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Cabbage Worm: The cabbage worm is a common pest that can affect Thelypodium sagittatum. The pests feed on the foliage, causing significant damage. The pests can be controlled by handpicking them or using insecticidal spray.
By being proactive and vigilant in managing pests and diseases, growers can keep their Thelypodium sagittatum plants healthy and thriving.
