Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris
Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris, also known as "Kitten paws," is a foliose lichen that belongs to the family Graphidaceae. It is commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions in Southeast Asia, including Thailand, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam.
Common Names
The common name "Kitten paws" was given to this lichen because of its physical appearance. The plant features fleshy and flattened lobes that look like tiny, soft paws of kittens, which can grow up to 5 millimeters wide. Other common names of Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris include "Minced Meat Lichen," "Lobed Black Hair Lichen," and "Script Lichen."
Uses
Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris is not known to have any significant medicinal or economic uses. However, it is used as a bioindicator of air quality. Being a foliose lichen, it can accumulate heavy metals and other pollutants from the environment, making it an excellent indicator of air pollution. Scientists are using this plant to monitor air quality in various parts of Southeast Asia.
General Appearance
Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris has a unique physical appearance that makes it stand out among other lichens. The plant has fleshy and soft lobes that can grow up to 5 millimeters wide. The lobes are flattened and closely attached to the substrate, forming overlapping layers that resemble tiny, soft paws of kittens. The lobes are grayish-green or grayish-brown and have a wrinkled texture on the surface. The undersides of the lobes are black and covered with black rhizines that attach the plant to the surface. The plant may also produce small and insignificant apothecia that are visible as tiny, black dots on the surface of the lobes.
Light requirements
Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris typically grows in open, exposed habitats like rock outcrops, cliffs, and boulders. As such, it requires high light levels to thrive. It grows optimally in full sun or partial shade, and should not be planted in dense shade conditions.
Temperature requirements
Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris is a hardy plant that can tolerate a wide range of temperatures, from cold mountainous regions to tropical and subtropical areas. However, it grows best in moderate temperatures that range between 20°C and 28°C. The plant can withstand temperatures as low as -10°C in winter, as long as there is no sustained frost.
Soil requirements
Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris requires well-draining soils with a neutral to slightly alkaline pH. It does not grow well in waterlogged or clay soils, as they tend to retain too much moisture. The plant prefers rocky or gravelly soils that are exposed to the sun or partially shaded. The soil should be rich in nutrients, with a good balance of organic matter, phosphorus, and potassium.
Cultivation of Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris
Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris is a slow-growing epiphytic plant that thrives in tropical regions. The plant attaches itself to tree barks and rocks, but it can also be cultivated in pots for indoor display.
The ideal potting mix for Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris should have good drainage to prevent waterlogging and provide sufficient aeration. A mixture of orchid bark, sphagnum moss, and perlite can be used.
When cultivating Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris in pots, it is essential to provide support for the plant to attach itself to. A piece of cork or tree bark can be placed in the pot to serve as a support structure.
Watering Needs of Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris
Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris requires consistent moisture levels, but it should not be over-watered. The plant's watering schedule will depend on its location and potting mix. A good rule of thumb is to water the plant when the potting mix is almost dry.
When watering Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris, it is best to use purified or rainwater because tap water contains chlorine and other chemicals that can harm the plant.
Fertilization of Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris
Fertilizing Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris is not essential, but it can help it grow faster and healthier. Liquid fertilizers that are specially formulated for epiphytic plants can be used.
The plant should be fertilized once a month during the growing season, which is usually spring and summer. The frequency of fertilization should be reduced during the colder months when the plant is dormant.
Pruning of Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris
Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris does not require regular pruning, but dead and decaying parts of the plant should be removed promptly. Yellow leaves and stems should also be pruned to encourage new growth.
When pruning Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris, it is essential to use clean and sterile tools to prevent the spread of diseases. Sharp scissors and pruning shears can be used to prune the plant.
By following these tips, you can successfully cultivate and care for Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris.
Propagation of Thelotrema Eximium
Thelotrema eximium, commonly known as rock greenshield lichen, is a slow-growing lichen that can be propagated by two primary methods: vegetative propagation and spore propagation.
Vegetative Propagation
Vegetative propagation, also known as asexual propagation, is a method of propagation that involves dividing the vegetative parts of an existing plant to create new individuals. Thelotrema eximium is propagated vegetatively by separating the lichen thallus and attaching it to a new substrate. This can be achieved by using a soft brush to remove the thallus from the parent plant and placing it on a prepared surface, such as a rock or bark substrate. The thallus is secured on the new substrate using a non-toxic adhesive, such as a diluted flour and water mixture.
Spore Propagation
Spore propagation is a method of propagation that involves the use of lichen spores to create new individuals. Thelotrema eximium produces spores that are released from the fruiting body of the lichen. To propagate the lichen by spores, a mature fruiting body is carefully removed from the parent plant and placed onto a sterile surface. The fruiting body is then gently tapped to release the spores onto the sterile surface. The spores are transferred to a prepared substrate, where they will develop into new individuals.
Overall, Thelotrema eximium can be propagated by both vegetative and spore propagation, making it possible to propagate the lichen in a variety of ways.
Disease and Pest Management for Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris
Thelotrema eximium R. C. Harris is a lichen species that is generally hardy and low maintenance. However, it can still be affected by some common pests and diseases. In this section, we will discuss these issues and suggest methods for managing them.
Common Diseases
One common disease that affects Thelotrema eximium is fungal infections. These can present as discolored spots or patches on the lichen's surface. To prevent fungal infections, it is essential to ensure that the lichen is not kept in humid conditions for extended periods and given time to dry out in between watering.
Another disease that can affect Thelotrema eximium is bacterial infections, which can manifest as soft, mushy areas on the lichen's surface. To manage bacterial infections, it is essential to remove any affected areas and disinfect the surrounding parts with a suitable fungicide.
Common Pests
One of the most common pests affecting Thelotrema eximium is spider mites, which can cause significant damage by sucking sap from the lichen and causing it to wither. To manage spider mites, it is essential to regularly inspect the lichen's surface and treat infested areas with an appropriate insecticide.
Other pests that can affect Thelotrema eximium include mealybugs, scale insects, and aphids. These pests can be managed by removing affected areas and minimizing the use of fertilizers and pesticides, which tend to attract them.
Conclusion
While Thelotrema eximium is generally hardy, it can still be affected by some common pests and diseases. By following the management techniques outlined above, you can help ensure that your lichen remains healthy and thrives for years to come.
