Overview of Tetramolopium humile (Gray) Hbd. ssp. humile
Tetramolopium humile, also known as the Hawaiian cotton, is a small shrubby plant that belongs to the family Asteraceae. It is endemic to the Hawaiian Islands and is commonly found in dry coastal areas and rocky cliffs.Description
Tetramolopium humile is a low-growing evergreen plant that can reach up to 30 cm in height. Its stem is woody and covered in small, thick leaves that are arranged in an alternate pattern. The leaves are small, oval-shaped, and slightly glossy, with a grey-green coloration. The plant produces small yellow flowers that are arranged in tight clusters at the end of the stem. The flowers are daisy-like, with a central disc surrounded by 4-5 yellow ray florets. The blooming period for Tetramolopium humile is from May to November.Uses
Tetramolopium humile is not widely used in traditional Hawaiian medicine or for any specific human consumption, but it is an important plant for the conservation of endemic Hawaiian flora. The plant is listed as an endangered species due to habitat loss and the introduction of non-native plant species to the Hawaiian Islands.Cultivation
Tetramolopium humile is not typically grown as an ornamental plant, but it can be grown from seeds in a well-draining soil mix with good moisture retention. The plant prefers full sun and dry, rocky soil conditions. It is recommended to water the plant sparingly, as it is drought-tolerant. In conclusion, Tetramolopium humile is a small shrubby plant endemic to the Hawaiian Islands, with yellow daisy-like flowers, small woody leaves, and a grey-green coloration. It is not typically used for any human consumption but is an important plant for the conservation of endemic Hawaiian flora.Light Requirements
Tetramolopium humile typically grows in full sun in its natural habitat. Therefore, it requires bright light to thrive. If grown indoors, it should be placed in a location that receives direct sunlight for at least six hours a day.
Temperature Requirements
The plant prefers warm temperatures. It thrives in a temperature range of 70-85°F (21-29°C). It cannot tolerate frost and should be protected from temperatures below 50°F (10°C).
Soil Requirements
Tetramolopium humile prefers porous, well-draining soil that is rich in nutrients. A soil mix with a high percentage of sand or perlite is ideal. The pH of the soil should be neutral (pH 7) or slightly acidic. The plant prefers soil that is kept consistently moist but never waterlogged.
Cultivation of Tetramolopium humile (Gray) Hbd. ssp. humile
Tetramolopium humile (Gray) Hbd. ssp. humile is native to the Hawaiian Islands and requires a warm, humid climate to grow well. The plant prefers well-drained soil but can tolerate various soil types. It should be grown in a location that receives plenty of sunlight and partial shade during the day.
Watering Needs
The plant thrives in moist soil, and therefore, regular watering is necessary. Water the plant frequently, keeping the soil moist but not waterlogged. Overwatering can result in root rot, so make sure to allow the soil to drain adequately between waterings.
Fertilization
Regular fertilization is necessary to ensure healthy growth and prolific flowering. Use a balanced fertilizer containing equal amounts of nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium. Apply the fertilizer to the soil around the plant every three to four weeks during the growing season.
Pruning
Pruning is important to maintain the plant's shape and promote healthy growth. Trim off any dry, damaged, or diseased foliage regularly. Pinching off the growing tips encourages bushier growth and more abundant flowering. The plant can also be cut back severely in the early spring to control its size and shape.
Propagation of Tetramolopium humile (Gray) Hbd. ssp. humile
Tetramolopium humile (Gray) Hbd. ssp. humile, commonly known as dwarf m?maki or uhiuhi, is a native plant species of Hawaii that belongs to the sunflower family Asteraceae. Propagation of this plant can be done through various methods:
Seed Propagation
The plant produces tiny seeds that can be collected from its flower heads. Collect mature seed heads and let them dry completely. Once they are dry, gently rub the heads to release the seeds into a container. These seeds can be stored in a cool, dry and dark place. Sow these seeds in a seed tray filled with well-draining seed starting mix. Keep the soil consistently moist and place the tray in bright, indirect sunlight. Germination will happen in a few weeks, and in about six months, the plant can be transplanted into individual pots.
Cutting Propagation
Cuttings taken from healthy plants can also be used for propagation. Take 4-6 inch cuttings from the growing tips of the plant, ideally during the spring season. Remove the lower leaves, dip the cut end into a rooting hormone powder and plant the cuttings into a pot filled with a well-draining potting mix. Water the cuttings and keep them in a place with bright, indirect sunlight. After a few weeks, the cuttings will start developing roots and tiny leaves. Once they have established roots, they can be transplanted into individual pots.
Division
Tetramolopium humile can also be propagated through division. Using a sharp and sterile knife, divide the plant into 2-3 sections, each containing healthy roots and shoots. Plant these sections in individual pots filled with well-draining potting mix. Provide water and bright, indirect sunlight regularly. Within a few weeks, the plants will start growing actively.
These are the most common methods of propagation for Tetramolopium humile. It is important to keep in mind that each method might not work for every plant, and appropriate care should be taken during propagation to ensure the best results.
Disease Management
Tetramolopium humile is susceptible to several diseases, such as root rot, powdery mildew, and leaf spot.
To prevent root rot, it is essential not to overwater the plant and ensure good drainage. Fungicides can also be used to control root rot. Powdery mildew can be prevented by increasing air circulation around the plant and keeping the foliage dry. Fungicides can also be used to control powdery mildew. Leaf spot can be prevented by avoiding wetting the foliage and removing infected leaves. Fungicides can also be used to control leaf spot.
Pest Management
Tetramolopium humile is also susceptible to pests such as mites and aphids.
To manage mites, it is essential to keep the foliage clean and dry. Predatory mites can also be introduced to control mite populations. For aphids, insecticidal soap or horticultural oil can be used to control the pests. It is also important to introduce predators such as ladybugs, lacewings, or parasitic wasps to control aphid populations. Regular inspection of the plant is necessary to identify and manage pests promptly.
