Overview
Terminalia dawei Rolfe is a species of tree in the family Combretaceae. It is also known as the Burmese Almond and is native to Southeast Asia.
Appearance
The Burmese Almond tree can grow up to 30 meters tall and has a spreading crown. Its trunk has a diameter of up to 100 centimeters, which is smooth in young trees but becomes rugged and fissured in older trees. The leaves are glossy, oblong, and can reach a length of up to 30 centimeters. The tree produces small, yellowish-white flowers that are clustered in inflorescences up to 10 centimeters long.
Uses
The Burmese Almond tree has various uses. The leaves and bark of the tree have been used as a traditional medicine for centuries in Southeast Asia to treat various ailments such as fever, digestive issues, and respiratory problems. The tree is also used as timber for furniture, flooring, and construction. Additionally, the tree's fruit is edible and is sometimes consumed locally.
Light Requirements
Terminalia dawei Rolfe can tolerate different light conditions ranging from full sun to partial shade. However, it thrives best in full sun conditions where it is exposed to direct sunlight for more than six hours a day.
Temperature Requirements
This plant can grow in a wide range of temperatures, but it prefers warm and humid environments. The optimal range for the growth of Terminalia dawei Rolfe is between 20°C and 30°C. Temperatures below 10°C and above 40°C can negatively impact the plant's growth rate and development.
Soil Requirements
Terminalia dawei Rolfe requires well-drained soil to prevent waterlogging that may lead to root rot. The ideal pH range for the plant is between 5.0 and 7.5. It is also essential to ensure the soil is rich in organic matter and nutrients like nitrogen, potassium, and phosphorus to promote healthy and robust growth.
Cultivation Method
The Terminalia dawei Rolfe is typically propagated using seeds. Before planting, the seeds should be soaked in water for 24 hours to soften the hard shell. The plant prefers well-draining soil and grows well in bright sunlight. However, it can also thrive in partial shade.
Watering Needs
Watering frequency depends on factors such as humidity, temperature, and soil type. However, it is important not to overwater the plant as it can cause root rot. The plant needs to be watered regularly during the growing season, but the water should be held back in the winter. The soil should be allowed to dry slightly before watering to ensure adequate drainage.
Fertilization
Terminalia dawei Rolfe requires regular feeding during the growing season, usually from spring to fall. Fertilizers can be applied once every six to eight weeks. A balanced fertilizer with higher nitrogen content is preferred. It is important to avoid excess fertilization as it can lead to excessive vegetative growth.
Pruning
The plant requires minimal pruning. Dead or damaged branches should be removed immediately to avoid the spread of disease. Any overcrowding should also be eliminated to increase air circulation. A light trim can also be done to control the size and yield a more desirable shape. However, pruning should be done thoughtfully as the plant has a tendency to bleed sap.
Propagation of Terminalia Dawei Rolfe
Terminalia dawei Rolfe, commonly known as Dawei, belongs to the Combretaceae family. The plant is native to Southeast Asia, and it can be propagated through various methods.
Seed Propagation
The most common method of propagating Terminalia dawei is through seeds. The plant produces fruits that contain a single seed. The seeds are extracted from the fruit and soaked in warm water for 24 hours to enhance germination. The seeds can be sown in a germination bed containing a well-balanced potting mix, and they should be covered with a thin layer of soil. The germination bed should be kept moist until the seeds start germinating, which usually takes about two to four weeks. Once the seedlings reach about six inches in height, they can be transplanted to their permanent location.
Cuttings Propagation
Terminalia dawei can also be propagated through stem cuttings. The cuttings should be taken from the softwood of the plant, and each cutting should be about six inches long. The leaves on the lower half of the cuttings should be removed, and the cuttings should be dipped into a rooting hormone before being planted in a potting mix. The potting mix should be kept moist, and the cuttings should be kept in a warm and humid location. After three to four weeks, the cuttings should start developing roots, and they can be transplanted to their permanent location.
Air Layering Propagation
Air layering is another propagation method that can be used for Terminalia dawei. This method involves making a cut on a mature stem of about one inch wide and two inches deep. The cut should be covered with sphagnum moss, which should be kept moist. After a few weeks, roots should start growing from the cut, and the stem can be cut below the root ball. The stem can then be potted in a well-draining potting mix and kept in a warm and humid location.
Once the Dawei plant is established, it requires minimal care. It prefers full sun to partial shade and well-draining soil with adequate moisture. Pruning can be done to maintain the plant's shape and size.
Disease and Pest Management for Terminalia dawei Rolfe
Terminalia dawei Rolfe, commonly known as the Burmese almond tree, is a highly valued and drought-resistant tree native to Southeast Asia. While the tree is relatively disease and pest resistant, it is still susceptible to some common issues. Here are some of the common diseases and pests that may affect Terminalia dawei Rolfe and some ways to manage them.
Common Diseases
Leaf Spot: Leaf spot disease is characterized by yellow spots or lesions on the leaves. The disease is caused by fungi and bacteria that thrive in high humidity and wet conditions. To prevent leaf spot disease, avoid overhead watering and ensure proper drainage around the tree. If the disease persists, remove and destroy infected leaves and use a fungicide to prevent further spread.
Cankers: Cankers are sunken and discolored areas on branches and stems. The disease is caused by fungi and bacteria that enter through wounds on the tree or weak spots. To manage cankers, prune the affected areas and destroy the infected material. Use a fungicide to prevent further spread of the disease.
Common Pests
Aphids: Aphids are small, green insects that feed on the sap of the tree, causing stunted growth and yellowing of the leaves. To manage aphids, spray the tree with a strong stream of water to remove the insects from the leaves and branches. You can also use insecticidal soap or neem oil to eliminate the insects.
Caterpillars: Caterpillars are the larval form of moths and butterflies that feed on the leaves of the tree, causing holes and ragged edges. To manage caterpillars, remove and destroy the affected leaves and use a biological insecticide such as Bacillus thuringiensis.
Scale Insects: Scale insects are small, flat insects that attach themselves to the leaves and stems of the tree, sucking out the sap and causing yellowing and wilting of the leaves. To manage scale insects, use a soft-bristled brush to remove the insects from the tree or apply neem oil or insecticidal soap to eliminate them.
By monitoring your Terminalia dawei Rolfe for signs of disease or pest infestation and taking preventive measures, you can help keep your tree healthy and thriving.
