Overview of Teramnus axilliflorus (Kotschy) Baker f.
Teramnus axilliflorus (Kotschy) Baker f. is a perennial leguminous vine that belongs to the family Fabaceae. It is commonly known as purple wisteria bean, wild bean, or monkey bean, and is found in many tropical and subtropical regions of the world, including Africa, Asia, Australia, and the Americas.
General Appearance
The plant has a twining habit, which means it grows by wrapping itself around support structures such as tree trunks or other plants. It can grow up to 6 meters in length and has hairy stems and leaves. The leaves are composed of three small leaflets that are lance-shaped and toothed at the edges. The flowers are purple or lavender in color, tubular-shaped, and grow in clusters in the axils of the leaves.
Uses
Teramnus axilliflorus has various medicinal uses. In traditional medicine, the plant is used to treat a variety of illnesses, including fever, diarrhea, and snakebites. The plant is rich in antioxidants, flavonoids, and other phytochemicals, which make it a potential source of natural remedies for many diseases.
The plant is also used in agroforestry projects to control soil erosion, enhance soil fertility, and provide shade for other crops. The plant fixes nitrogen in the soil, which can benefit other plants growing nearby. Additionally, the plant is used as livestock fodder and as a food source for humans.
The seeds of Teramnus axilliflorus are edible and are used in many cuisines around the world. In Thailand, the seeds are roasted and eaten as snacks, and in the Philippines, the seeds are boiled and added to soups and stews.
Conclusion
Teramnus axilliflorus is a useful plant with many medicinal and agricultural benefits. Its purple flowers and twining habit make it an attractive addition to home gardens. With its many uses, Teramnus axilliflorus is an important plant species that deserves further study and conservation efforts.
Light Requirements
Terramnus axilliflorus typically grows in full sunlight. It requires at least six hours of direct sunlight per day. If the plant does not receive enough sunlight, it will become weak and may not flower.
Temperature Requirements
Terramnus axilliflorus prefers warm temperatures and cannot tolerate frost. The ideal temperature range for growth is between 20°C to 30°C. If the temperature falls below 10°C, the plant will not survive. If the temperature rises above 35°C, the plant will become stressed and may not flower.
Soil Requirements
Terramnus axilliflorus prefers well-drained soils that are rich in organic matter. It can grow in a variety of soil types including sandy loam, clay loam, and red soil. However, the plant cannot tolerate waterlogged soils as it may lead to root rot. The ideal pH range for growth is between 5.5 to 7.5.
Cultivation Methods for Teramnus axilliflorus (Kotschy) Baker f.
Teramnus axilliflorus (Kotschy) Baker f. is a perennial legume plant that is highly adaptable to different environmental conditions. To cultivate this plant, start by choosing a location with well-draining soil and adequate sunlight. It is also important to prepare the soil by incorporating organic matter and ensuring a pH range of 5.5 to 6.5.
Next, sow the seeds of Teramnus axilliflorus (Kotschy) Baker f. in the prepared soil, with a spacing of at least 25 cm between plants. Water the seedlings regularly, especially during the dry season, to promote healthy growth and development.
Watering Needs for Teramnus axilliflorus (Kotschy) Baker f.
Teramnus axilliflorus (Kotschy) Baker f. is a plant that requires regular watering to thrive. To avoid overwatering, it is best to water the plant when the soil surface feels dry to the touch. During the dry season, more frequent watering may be necessary to prevent the plant from wilting.
It is important to note that too much water can lead to the growth of fungus and other plant diseases. Therefore, it is crucial to strike a balance between adequate watering and proper drainage to maintain a well-hydrated but healthy plant.
Fertilization for Teramnus axilliflorus (Kotschy) Baker f.
Teramnus axilliflorus (Kotschy) Baker f. requires regular fertilization to maintain healthy growth and development. The plant has moderate nitrogen requirements, and a balanced fertilizer with an NPK ratio of 10-10-10 can be applied during the growing season.
It is essential to apply fertilizers at the right time to avoid wastage and reduce the risk of over-fertilization, which can harm the plant. Before applying the fertilizer, check the pH of the soil to ensure it is within the optimum range for the plant.
Pruning of Teramnus axilliflorus (Kotschy) Baker f.
Pruning is an important aspect of Teramnus axilliflorus (Kotschy) Baker f. care, and it helps to promote healthy growth and enhance the plant's appearance. The plant can be pruned during the growing season to remove dead, damaged, or diseased leaves and stems.
Pruning can also be used to shape the plant and encourage bushier growth. It is important to use sharp pruning shears to avoid damaging the plant, and to disinfect the tools between cuts to prevent the spread of disease.
By following these cultivation and care guidelines, Teramnus axilliflorus (Kotschy) Baker f. can thrive and provide numerous benefits as a forage crop, green manure, and soil stabilizer in different agro-ecological zones.
Propagation of Teramnus axilliflorus (Kotschy) Baker f.
Teramnus axilliflorus (Kotschy) Baker f. is a perennial plant belonging to the family Fabaceae. It is commonly known as butterfly pea or buffalo bean and is native to Africa. The plant can be propagated through various methods, including:
Seed propagation
One of the most common methods of propagating Teramnus axilliflorus is through seeds. The seeds should be collected when the pods turn yellow or brown. Once collected, the pods should be dried and cracked open to obtain the seeds. The seeds can then be sown directly into the soil or in seedling trays. The plant requires well-draining soil, and the seeds should be planted at a depth of about 1 cm.
Cuttings propagation
Teramnus axilliflorus can also be propagated through stem cuttings. The cuttings should be taken from healthy, disease-free plants during the growing season. The cuttings should be about 10-15 cm long and taken from the base of the plant. The lower leaves should be removed, and the cuttings should be dipped in rooting hormone powder and planted in a well-draining rooting medium. The cuttings should be kept in a warm and humid environment until they start to root, and then they can be transplanted to larger pots or directly into the ground.
Division propagation
Teramnus axilliflorus can also be propagated through division. This method is usually done during the spring season when the plant is actively growing. The plant should be lifted from the soil and carefully divided into smaller clumps. Each clump should have a healthy root system and a few stems with leaves. The divided clumps can then be planted directly into the ground or in suitable pots or containers.
Disease and Pest Management for Teramnus axilliflorus (Kotschy) Baker f.
Teramnus axilliflorus (Kotschy) Baker f. is a hardy plant that is resistant to many diseases and pests. However, like all plants, it is not immune to all types of diseases and pests. Here are some common diseases and pests that can affect Teramnus axilliflorus and how to manage them:
Diseases:
Leaf Spot
Leaf spot is a fungal disease that affects the leaves and stems of Teramnus axilliflorus. It is characterized by yellow or brown spots on the leaves that eventually turn black. The spots may also have a reddish-brown border. To manage leaf spot, remove and destroy infected plant parts, and avoid overhead watering. Applying copper-based fungicides can also help control the spread of the disease.
Root Rot
Root rot is a common fungal disease that affects the roots of Teramnus axilliflorus. The fungus causes the roots to rot, which leads to stunted growth and wilting of the plant. To manage root rot, remove and destroy infected plant parts, and avoid overwatering. Providing good drainage and soil aeration can also help prevent the disease from recurring.
Virus Diseases
There are several virus diseases that can affect Teramnus axilliflorus, including bean yellow mosaic virus and alfalfa mosaic virus. These diseases are transmitted by aphids and other sap-sucking insects. The symptoms of virus diseases include stunted growth, yellowing of leaves, and distorted leaves. Unfortunately, there are no treatments available for virus diseases. The best way to manage them is to remove and destroy infected plants to prevent the spread of the virus.
Pests:
Whiteflies
Whiteflies are small, flying insects that can cause damage to the leaves of Teramnus axilliflorus. They suck the sap from the leaves, which causes them to turn yellow and eventually die. To manage whiteflies, you can spray the plant with insecticidal soap or neem oil. You can also introduce beneficial insects like ladybugs or lacewings, which feed on whiteflies.
Cutworms
Cutworms are caterpillar-like larvae that feed on the leaves and stems of Teramnus axilliflorus. They are usually active at night and hide in the soil during the day. To manage cutworms, remove any plant debris from around the plant and sprinkle diatomaceous earth around the base of the plant. You can also handpick the cutworms and destroy them.
Spider Mites
Spider mites are tiny, spider-like insects that can cause damage to Teramnus axilliflorus leaves. They feed on the sap of the plant, which causes the leaves to turn yellow and eventually fall off. To manage spider mites, you can spray the plant with a strong jet of water to knock them off the plant. You can also spray the plant with insecticidal soap or neem oil. Introducing predatory mites or ladybugs can also help control spider mite populations.
In summary, by being vigilant and taking steps to prevent the spread of diseases and pests, you can help ensure that your Teramnus axilliflorus plants stay healthy and productive.
