Origin and Common Names
Tarenna pavettoides (Harv.) Sim subsp. affinis (K.Schum.) Bridson, also known as Affinis Tarenna or Bridson's Tarenna, is a species of flowering plant that belongs to the family Rubiaceae. This plant is native to the subtropical forests of East and Southern Africa, including Zimbabwe, Tanzania, Malawi, and Mozambique. It is commonly found at elevations of up to 1600 meters above sea level.
Appearance
Affinis Tarenna is a small to medium-sized shrub that can grow up to 6 meters tall. It has a straight, slender trunk and a densely branched crown. The bark of this plant is grayish-brown and has scattered lenticels. The leaves are opposite, simple, and ovate-shaped, with a glossy dark green color. The inflorescence of Affinis Tarenna is a terminal cyme, and the flowers are small, white, and tubular-shaped, with five petals and stamens. The fruit is a small, rounded berry, with a size of 6-8 mm and a blackish-purple color when ripe.
Uses
Affinis Tarenna has several traditional and modern uses. The roots and leaves of this plant are known to contain a wide range of medicinal compounds, including alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, and triterpenoids. In some African countries, the roots of Affinis Tarenna are boiled, and the water is used to treat diarrhea, fever, and dysentery. The leaves are also crushed and applied to wounds, cuts, and bruises as a traditional remedy. In addition to its medicinal value, Affinis Tarenna is also used as a source of wood, fuel, and charcoal, especially by rural communities. The bark of this plant is used to make ropes and baskets, while the wood is used to make furniture, tool handles, and construction materials.
Light requirements
Tarenna pavettoides subsp. affinis typically grows in areas with bright, indirect light. It can tolerate some direct sunlight in the early morning or late afternoon but should be shielded from midday sun, which can scorch the leaves. Too little light can result in weak growth or even death.
Temperature requirements
This plant prefers warm temperatures between 18-27°C (64-81°F) and should not be exposed to temperatures below 10°C (50°F), which can cause damage or death. Humidity levels should also be high, as the plant is native to areas with high levels of moisture in the air.
Soil requirements
Tarenna pavettoides subsp. affinis grows best in well-draining soils that are rich in organic matter. A mix of peat moss and perlite or vermiculite can provide the necessary drainage while retaining moisture. The pH of the soil should be slightly acidic to neutral, with a range of 5.5-7.0.
The plant can also benefit from the addition of fertilizer during the growing season, but be careful not to over-fertilize, as this can lead to salt build-up and damage the roots.
Cultivation Methods for Tarenna pavettoides subsp. affinis
Tarenna pavettoides subsp. affinis is a hardy plant that is well adapted to growing in tropical regions. The plant is easy to grow in either a pot or directly in the ground. When growing the plant in a pot, it is essential to choose a sizeable well-draining container that is suitable for the plant's size. For garden beds, the soil should be well-draining, rich in organic matter with a pH range of 4.5-7.5.
Plant the Tarenna pavettoides subsp. affinis in an area where it can get a few hours of sunlight every day. While the plant can tolerate partial shade, too much shade can inhibit its growth. Also, the plant should be protected from strong winds because it can damage young and tender shoots.
Watering Needs for Tarenna pavettoides subsp. affinis
When it comes to watering, Tarenna pavettoides subsp. affinis requires regular but moderate watering. The soil should be kept moist but not waterlogged since excessive moisture can result in fungal attacks, causing damage to the plant. Some signs of overwatering include yellowing leaves or a soft stem.
During summer, water the plant twice a week, but reduce the amount of water during the colder months. However, it is crucial to monitor the plant's water needs since the amount of water required may vary depending on the environment's temperature, humidity, and soil type.
Fertilization of Tarenna pavettoides subsp. affinis
Fertilizer application is essential to ensure the Tarenna pavettoides subsp. affinis plant remains healthy and vigorous. Use a balanced fertilizer once a month during the growing season (spring and summer) to provide the necessary nutrients for the plant's growth and development. It is essential to follow the recommended dosage carefully, as too much fertilizer can damage the leaves or yield excessive growth.
Pruning Tarenna pavettoides subsp. affinis
Pruning Tarenna pavettoides subsp. affinis is essential to keep the plant in shape, promote growth, and encourage flowering. To prune, use sharp pruning shears to remove any dead, damaged, or overgrown stems. Prune in early spring before new growth appears to encourage the development of new shoots. It is essential to sterilize the pruning tools before use to prevent the spread of diseases.
When cutting stems, it is crucial to cut above the leaf axil, where a new shoot will emerge. Remove lateral branches that are growing toward the center of the plant as they can impair airflow and encourage pests or diseases. Trimming the plant's foliage also promotes air circulation, reducing the likelihood of fungal diseases. Remove any yellowing leaves or flowers as they can harbor pests and insects.
Propagation methods for Tarenna pavettoides subsp. affinis
Tarenna pavettoides subsp. affinis, commonly known as Harv. plant, can be propagated through various methods. Among them are:
Seed propagation
Seeds of Tarenna pavettoides subsp. affinis are readily available from reputable nurseries. Sow the seeds in a well-draining soil mixture in a propagator or in a small pot. Water lightly and place the container in a warm, bright location. Seeds typically germinate in 2-3 weeks. Once the seedlings grow bigger, transplant them to larger pots or outdoor beds.
Cutting propagation
Propagation through cuttings is another method for Tarenna pavettoides subsp. affinis. Use a sterilized secateurs to cut the plant stems at a length of 5-7cm. Dip the cuttings in hormone powder and plant them in moist soil. Place them in a warm and moderately bright location, and water regularly. Roots will develop over 4-6 weeks.
Division propagation
Division is also an option for propagating Tarenna pavettoides subsp. affinis. Gently remove the plant from its container, and cut the root ball into smaller segments. Each segment should contain at least one stem and a good portion of root system. Replant the divisions in separate containers or outdoor beds. Water regularly and keep the soil slightly moist to encourage new root growth.
Disease and Pest Management for Tarenna pavettoides (Harv.) Sim subsp. affinis (K.Schum.) Bridson
Tarenna pavettoides (Harv.) Sim subsp. affinis (K.Schum.) Bridson is a plant that can be affected by various diseases and pests during its growth and development. Here are some common diseases and pests that can affect this plant and ways to manage them.
Diseases
1. Leaf Spot: Leaf spot is a common disease that affects Tarenna pavettoides. It is caused by fungal pathogens that cause discolored spots on the leaves. To manage this disease, affected leaves should be removed, and the plant should be treated with a fungicide.
2. Powdery Mildew: Powdery mildew is another fungal disease that affects this plant. It causes white or grayish powdery spots on the leaves. To manage this disease, affected leaves should be removed and destroyed, and the plant should be treated with a fungicide.
3. Root Rot: Root rot is a serious fungal disease that affects the roots of Tarenna pavettoides. It is caused by poor soil drainage, and it can cause wilting and yellowing of the leaves. To manage this disease, the plant should be removed from the soil, and the roots should be inspected. The affected roots should be removed, and the plant should be replanted in well-draining soil.
Pests
1. Mealybugs: Mealybugs are common pests that affect Tarenna pavettoides. They suck sap from the plant, causing the leaves to wilt and turn yellow. To manage this pest, the plant should be treated with insecticidal soap or horticultural oil.
2. Scale Insects: Scale insects are another sap-sucking pest that can cause damage to Tarenna pavettoides. They form a hard shell over their bodies, making them difficult to control. To manage this pest, the plant should be treated with insecticidal soap or horticultural oil.
3. Aphids: Aphids can also affect this plant, sucking sap and causing the leaves to curl and turn yellow. To manage this pest, the plant should be treated with insecticidal soap or horticultural oil.
By using the appropriate management techniques for the diseases and pests that can affect Tarenna pavettoides, gardeners can ensure the growth and development of a healthy plant.
