Tapinanthus engleri (Hiern) Danser
Tapinanthus engleri, also known as mistletoe or Mbien in Cameroon, is a plant in the family Loranthaceae. It is native to Central Africa and can be found growing on a variety of trees.
Common Names
Apart from mistletoe and Mbien, Tapinanthus engleri has several other local names. In Cameroon, it is called Awurantang, Fobian, Gaba, Ngoin, and Wuyo.
Uses
Tapinanthus engleri is used for various medicinal purposes. In Cameroon, it is boiled to make a tea that is used to treat headaches, stomach pains, and menstrual pains. It is also used as a laxative and to manage hypertension. Besides, the bark and root of the plant are used to make a decoction that is applied to wounds, sores, and boils.
The plant is also used in some cultures as a fertility charm for women.
Appearance
Tapinanthus engleri is an evergreen parasitic shrub that can grow up to 30cm in height. It has a woody and branched stem that bears leathery, thick, and opposite leaves. The plant produces small yellowish-white flowers that are arranged in clusters and bloom during the dry season. Its fruit is a berry that ranges from green to yellow when ripe.
The plant is known for its beautiful and unique appearance and is often used for ornamental purposes.
Light Requirements
Tapinanthus engleri requires bright, indirect light for optimal growth. It is not tolerant of direct sunlight, which can scorch its leaves. Therefore, placing the plant near a bright window or providing filtered light is ideal for its growth.
Temperature Requirements
Tapinanthus engleri thrives in warm and humid environments. The optimal temperature range for its growth is between 18-26°C (65-80°F). Temperatures below 10°C (50°F) can cause the plant's leaves to turn yellow and drop.
Soil Requirements
The plant grows best in well-draining, fertile soil that is rich in organic matter. It is tolerant of a wide range of soil pH levels, but a slightly acidic soil with a pH range of 5.5 to 6.5 is optimal for its growth. Ideally, the soil should be kept consistently moist, but not waterlogged, as overly wet conditions can cause root rot.
Cultivation methods
Tapinanthus engleri is a hemiparasitic plant, which means that it grows on other trees for support and sustenance. Therefore, it is essential to pay attention to the host tree's growth and health.
The plant prefers a warm and humid environment with an average temperature range of 20-25°C. It thrives in semi-shade conditions and requires a well-draining soil mix with organic matter.
Watering needs
It is crucial to keep the soil moist but not waterlogged, as too much water can cause root rot. During the warmer months, water the plant regularly, but reduce frequency during the winter months.
Take note of local rainfall patterns and adjust watering frequency accordingly, ensuring the soil never dries out completely.
Fertilization
Use a balanced fertilizer every month during the plant's growing season to support healthy growth. As the plant gets its nutrients from the host tree, do not over-fertilize to prevent nutrient burn.
Additionally, incorporate compost or well-rotted manure to the soil to enhance soil fertility and organic matter content.
Pruning
Pruning is critical for controlling the plant's size and promoting healthy growth. It is advisable to carry out pruning during spring to allow for new growth in the summer.
Remove any dead or diseased branches, and trim back to shape. However, avoid excessive pruning as it may weaken the plant and reduce its flowering potential.
Propagation of Tapinanthus Engleri
Tapinanthus engleri is a hemiparasitic plant that grows on a variety of host trees, including Acacia and other Fabaceae species. Propagation of Tapinanthus engleri can be challenging since the plant cannot grow on its own without a host. It depends on its host for water and nutrients. However, it is possible to propagate Tapinanthus engleri through two methods: seed propagation and vegetative propagation.
Seed Propagation
Tapinanthus engleri produces seeds that are viable for about six months. The seeds need to be harvested from mature fruits and dried. The dried seeds can then be sown into pots or directly into the soil. It is recommended to plant the seeds near the roots of a potential host tree. The seeds will then germinate and seek the host plant for survival.
Vegetative Propagation
Vegetative propagation is another method to propagate Tapinanthus engleri. This method is useful when the host tree already has the plant growing on it. The stem of the Tapinanthus engleri can be cut and used for vegetative propagation. The stem cutting should include at least one haustorium (the root-like structure that attaches the plant to the host). The cutting should then be planted next to the host tree, and the host tree will take care of the rest.
Propagation of Tapinanthus engleri can be challenging, but with the right conditions and care, it is possible to propagate the plant and enjoy its beauty in your garden.
Disease and Pest Management for Tapinanthus Engleri (Hiern) Danser
Tapinanthus engleri is an evergreen shrub that belongs to the Loranthaceae family. While this plant is generally sturdy, it can be susceptible to diseases and pests that can negatively impact its growth and overall health.
Common Diseases of Tapinanthus Engleri
One of the most prevalent diseases that affect Tapinanthus engleri is powdery mildew. This disease is characterized by a white powdery substance on the leaves, stems, and flowers of the plant. To manage powdery mildew, the affected areas should be removed, and the plant should be treated with a fungicide. Another disease that can affect the plant is root rot, which occurs due to overwatering or poor drainage. To prevent root rot, make sure not to overwater the plant and ensure adequate drainage.
Common Pests of Tapinanthus Engleri
The most common pest that affects Tapinanthus engleri is the aphid. Aphids are small insects that feed on the sap of the plant, causing it to weaken and wilt. To manage aphids, the plant should be sprayed with insecticidal soap or neem oil. Mealybugs are another pest that can affect the health of the plant. These insects are small and white and can often be found on the underside of the leaves. To manage mealybugs, the affected plant should be sprayed with rubbing alcohol.
In summary, to keep Tapinanthus engleri healthy, it is essential to manage diseases and pests effectively. This can be achieved through proper plant care practices, such as ensuring adequate drainage, avoiding overwatering, and inspecting the plant regularly for signs of disease or pest infestation. If necessary, the use of pesticides or fungicides can be employed to manage any issues that may arise. By doing so, the plant can thrive and provide an attractive addition to any garden or landscape.
