Introduction:
Strychnos suberifera Gilg & Busse is a species of woody plant in the Loganiaceae family. It is found in the African countries of Cameroon, Nigeria, and Gabon. The plant is commonly known as "Olasia", "Agara" or "Mekakob".Appearance:
Strychnos suberifera is a small tree or shrub that grows up to 10 meters tall. It has a smooth bark that is greyish-brown in color. The leaves are oblong-shaped, thick, and glossy green on the upper surface. The flowers are small and white, while the fruit is yellow, round and when mature, splits into two or three parts to release the seeds.Uses:
Strychnos suberifera is used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments. The plant contains several alkaloids, including strychnine, brucine, and isostrychnine, which have been shown to have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antimicrobial, and antiplasmodial properties. The bark and leaves of the plant are also used in the treatment of fever, gastrointestinal disorders, and infertility. The wood of Strychnos suberifera is hard and durable, making it suitable for making tool handles, furniture and railway sleepers. The plant is also used as an ornamental tree and is commonly found in gardens and parks.Conclusion:
In conclusion, Strychnos suberifera Gilg & Busse is a small tree or shrub that is native to Cameroon, Nigeria, and Gabon. It is commonly known as "Olasia", "Agara" or "Mekakob" and is used in traditional medicine and commercial activities. The plant has a smooth greyish-brown bark, glossy green leaves, small white flowers, and yellow spherical fruits that release seeds.Light requirements
Strychnos suberifera Gilg & Busse is a highly adaptable plant that can thrive in both full sun and partial shade conditions. It is important to note that the amount of light it receives has a direct impact on the plant's growth and development. In full sun conditions, the plant tends to be more compact and has a slower growth rate. Alternatively, when planted in partial shade, the plant grows faster and leans more towards the light source.
Temperature requirements
As a tropical plant, Strychnos suberifera Gilg & Busse requires warm temperatures to grow and develop properly. The plant prefers a temperature range of 20°C to 30°C (68°F to 86°F). Temperatures below 16°C (60°F) can stunt growth and lead to damage in the long term. Therefore, it is important to maintain a warm and consistent temperature in the environment.
Soil requirements
The soil requirements for Strychnos suberifera Gilg & Busse is well-draining, light, and fertile soil. Sandy loam soils with a pH between 5.5 and 6.5 are ideal for this plant. The soil must have adequate drainage to prevent excess water accumulation and root rot. Additionally, organic matter and nutrients are imperative for the plant's growth, making regular fertilization with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium necessary.
Cultivation methods
Strychnos suberifera is a subtropical plant that requires warm temperatures and partial shade. It thrives in well-draining soil with a slightly acidic pH of 5.5 to 6.5.
For best results, start the seeds indoors or in a greenhouse and transplant to the outdoor location after about six months. Ensure that the soil is warm enough before planting. Alternatively, propagate through cuttings.
Watering needs
Strychnos suberifera requires moderate to regular watering. Water the plant regularly, once or twice a week, especially during the hot and dry seasons. However, ensure that the soil is well-drained and does not become saturated with water, as this can lead to root rot diseases.
Fertilization
Fertilize Strychnos suberifera with organic fertilizer once a month during the growing season. Apply the fertilizer evenly around the base of the plant, avoiding contact with leaves or stems. Use a fertilizer that is high in nitrogen and potassium, but low in phosphorus.
Pruning
Strychnos suberifera requires little pruning. However, it is essential to remove damaged, diseased, or dead branches using sharp and sterilized pruning shears. Additionally, the plant may require light pruning to control its growth and shape.
Prune Strychnos suberifera during the dormant season, preferably in late winter or early spring, before the new growth emerges.
Propagation of Strychnos suberifera Gilg & Busse
Strychnos suberifera Gilg & Busse can be propagated through seeds, cuttings, and grafting.
Propagation through Seeds:
Seeds of S. suberifera are collected from mature fruits after they have fallen from the tree. The collected seeds should be washed and dried in the shade for a few days before sowing. The sowing should be done in a suitable germination medium and kept in a warm, humid place until the seeds germinate. The seedlings can be transplanted when they grow to a suitable size.
Propagation through Cuttings:
Cuttings can be taken from mature branches of S. suberifera during the growing season. The cuttings should be about 15-20cm long and should have a diameter of 1-2cm. The lower leaves should be removed, and the cuttings should be dipped in a rooting hormone before being placed in a rooting medium. The rooting medium should be kept moist and warm until rooting occurs, and the new plants can be transplanted after they have established roots.
Propagation through Grafting:
S. suberifera can be grafted onto related plant species for propagation. The grafting should be done during the growing season using a compatible rootstock. The scion should be taken from a healthy, mature plant and grafted onto the rootstock using appropriate techniques. The grafted plants should be kept in a warm, humid place until they establish a good union between the scion and the rootstock.
Disease and Pest Management for Strychnos suberifera Gilg & Busse
Strychnos suberifera Gilg & Busse, also known as the cork-stemmed poison rope or gorgorão, is a plant species that belongs to the family Loganiaceae. This evergreen tropical climber is native to Africa and can be found in the Congo Basin, Angola, and Zambia. It has traditional medicinal uses and is widely cultivated for its bark and roots.
Common Pests
Strychnos suberifera is susceptible to various pests, including spider mites, aphids, and scale insects. These pests can cause damage to the leaves and stems, leading to reduced growth and production.
To manage these pests, it is recommended to regularly inspect plants to identify infestations early. One can also use insecticidal soaps or oils to control these pests. Neem oil is an effective and environmentally friendly option that can be applied to the foliage. Another strategy is the release of natural predators, such as ladybugs, lacewings, and predatory mites.
Common Diseases
Strychnos suberifera is also susceptible to various diseases, including leaf spots, powdery mildew, and root rot. These diseases can cause yellowing and dropping of leaves, stunted growth, and wilting.
To manage these diseases, it is important to ensure proper growing conditions, including adequate ventilation, and well-draining soil. Moreover, it is important to remove and dispose of infected plant parts to prevent the spread of the disease. Fungicides can also be used to prevent and control fungal diseases.
Conclusion
In conclusion, Strychnos suberifera is a valuable plant species with medicinal applications. To ensure optimal growth and production, it is important to manage and prevent pest and disease infestations through regular inspection, using natural predators or insecticides, and providing proper growing conditions.
