Origin
Struthiolopsis pulvinata, also known as Bolusanthus pulvinus, belongs to the Fabaceae family and is found in South Africa. It grows mainly in the Northern Province on rocky, gravelly soils, and is indigenous to the Waterberg region, specifically the upper catchments of the Mokolo and Mokoloiti Rivers.
Common Names
The plant is commonly referred to as the "veerkwartelboom" in Afrikaans, which translates to "ridge quail tree" in English. It is also known as the "cushion bush" and "rock alder".
Uses
The Struthiolopsis pulvinata tree has a number of uses. Traditionally, it was used to make soap, and the bark was used as an insecticide. The tree's wood is also used in making furniture, while its leaves and twigs are used to feed livestock.
The plant is also used in the production of honey, as bees are known to collect nectar from its flowers. It is also cultivated as an ornamental plant due to its striking red flowers that bloom from August to September.
General Appearance
Struthiolopsis pulvinata is a small tree or shrub that grows up to 2-3 meters tall. Its branches are grey in colour, while its bark is dark brown and rough. The leaves of the plant are a dull green colour and are heavily textured, almost giving them a leathery appearance.
When in bloom, Struthiolopsis pulvinata is a sight to behold. It produces bright red flowers that are clustered together and resemble a pom-pom. The flowers usually appear in August and September and are followed by papery seed pods.
Light Requirements
Struthiolopsis pulvinata requires bright but indirect sunlight to grow. Direct sunlight can cause damage to its leaves. It is best to place the plant near a window with a sheer curtain to filter the harsh rays of the sun.
Temperature Requirements
The ideal temperature range for Struthiolopsis pulvinata is between 60°F-75°F (15.6°C-23.9°C). It is sensitive to extreme temperatures, so it is important to keep it away from drafts and air conditioning vents. This plant is well-suited for indoor environments where temperatures are relatively consistent.
Soil Requirements
Struthiolopsis pulvinata prefers well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. A good potting mix would include peat moss, perlite, and sand. It is important not to overwater the plant, as this can lead to root rot. Ensure that the soil is moist but not waterlogged, and allow the top inch of soil to dry out before watering again.
Cultivation Methods
Struthiolopsis pulvinata is a drought-tolerant plant that prefers well-draining soil. This plant thrives in sunny areas and should be planted in an area that receives full sunlight. It can tolerate moderate heat and cold temperatures and can grow in rock gardens, pots or containers. Ensure to use a well-draining soil mix when planting to prevent waterlogging. The plant can be propagated through seeds or cuttings.
Watering Needs
Watering should be done thoroughly but sparingly to prevent root rot. This plant is drought-tolerant and can store water in its leaves, making it less dependent on frequent watering. Watering frequency will depend on the indoor or outdoor climate, but generally, it needs watering every two to three weeks. Watering should be reduced during winter.
Fertilization
The plant requires little fertilization. Composting mixed into the soil or adding a slow-release fertilizer once in a year is enough to keep the plant healthy.
Pruning
The Struthiolopsis pulvinata plant requires minimal pruning. Overgrown and dead leaves should be removed regularly, keeping the plant's size manageable.
Propagation of Struthiolopsis pulvinata (Bolus) E.Phillips
Struthiolopsis pulvinata, commonly known as cushion ostrich plant, is a small cushion-forming succulent that belongs to the family Aizoaceae. This plant is native to South Africa and is known for its small, rounded, and spine-covered leaves that form a compact cushion. Here are the propagation methods for Struthiolopsis pulvinata.
Propagation by Seeds
Seeds are a popular method of propagating Struthiolopsis pulvinata. You can harvest the seeds after the plant has flowered, and the seed pods have developed. The seeds of this plant are small and black and have a hard coating, making them challenging to germinate. To improve the germination rate, you can soak the seeds in room temperature water for 24 hours.
After soaking, plant the seeds in a well-draining soil mixture and cover them with a thin layer of soil. Keep the soil moist but not waterlogged, and place the pot in a bright location with indirect sunlight. The seeds will germinate in 2 to 3 weeks, and once they have developed their second set of true leaves, you can transplant them into individual pots.
Propagation by Cuttings
Propagating Struthiolopsis pulvinata by cuttings is also possible. The best time to take cuttings is during the growing season, in spring or summer. Take a stem cutting with a sharp, disinfected knife and make sure it is 2 to 3 inches long. Allow the cutting to callus over for a few days, and then plant it in a well-draining soil mixture, burying the cut end of the stem into the soil.
Water the soil lightly and place the pot in a bright, indirect location. Avoid placing the pot in direct sunlight as this may scorch the cutting. Keep the soil slightly moist, and within a few weeks, the cutting will develop roots and a new plant will form.
Disease Management
Struthiolopsis pulvinata, commonly known as cushion-forming stonecrop, is relatively resistant to common plant diseases. However, certain environmental conditions and cultural practices can make the plant more susceptible to diseases like root rot, powdery mildew, and leaf spot.
To prevent root rot, avoid overwatering the plant and ensure proper drainage. If the infection persists, consider repotting the plant using a well-draining soil mix. Powdery mildew, on the other hand, can be managed by maintaining good air circulation around the plant and avoiding overhead watering.
Leaf spots can be caused by fungal or bacterial pathogens and result in yellowing, browning, or spotting of the leaves. To manage leaf spot, remove any infected leaves and avoid overhead watering.
Pest Management
Although Struthiolopsis pulvinata is not vulnerable to many pests, it can occasionally suffer from infestations of spider mites and mealybugs.
Spider mites usually feed on the underside of the leaves, causing yellowing and webbing. To manage spider mites, wash the plant with a strong jet of water or use insecticidal soap or neem oil. Mealybugs, on the other hand, can be managed by manually removing them using a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol or applying insecticidal soap.
Regular monitoring of the plant for signs of pest infestation and taking prompt action to manage them can help maintain the health and vitality of Struthiolopsis pulvinata.
