Origin
Strophanthus dewevrei De Wild. is a climbing plant that is native to West Africa, particularly in Cameroon, Gabon, and Congo basin.
Common Names
It is commonly known as the arrow poison plant, Ouabaio, or African arrow poison.
Uses
The plant is known for its medicinal properties, particularly its ability to produce cardiac glycosides, which can be used for treating heart conditions like congestive heart failure and arrhythmias. It is also used as an arrow poison by native Africans, who extract the sap and use it to poison their arrows for hunting and warfare.
Furthermore, Strophanthus dewevrei De Wild. has been studied for its potential anti-cancer properties due to the presence of the compound ouabain, which has been shown to induce apoptosis, or cell death, in cancer cells.
General Appearance
Strophanthus dewevrei De Wild. is a twining vine that can grow up to 15 meters long. The plant has opposite leaves that are typically ovate, glossy, and dark green in color. The flowers are white with a yellow center, and are trumpet-shaped with a distinct scent. The fruit is a woody capsule that contains seeds which are covered in long silky hairs.
Growth Conditions of Strophanthus dewevrei De Wild.
The Strophanthus dewevrei De Wild., commonly known as De Wild's arrow-poison vine, is a climbing plant native to tropical Africa that's widely cultivated for its medicinal properties. For optimal growth and survival, the following growth conditions are required:
Light
The Strophanthus dewevrei De Wild. plant thrives best in full sun. It requires at least six hours of direct sunlight per day. Insufficient sunlight may result in stunted growth, poor flowering, and low fruit production.
Temperature
The plant prefers a warm, humid climate with temperatures ranging between 20°C and 30°C. It can tolerate temperatures as low as 15°C, but prolonged exposure to cold temperatures can damage the leaves, stems, and roots. Extreme heat, on the other hand, can cause wilting or scorching of the leaves.
Soil Requirements
The Strophanthus dewevrei De Wild. plant requires well-drained soils that are rich in nutrients. The ideal soil pH should be between 6.0 and 7.5. Soil that is too acidic or alkaline may inhibit nutrient uptake. It's important to choose a location with fertile soil that retains moisture. For optimal growth, a sandy loam soil with a good organic matter content should be used.
It's worth noting that the ideal growth conditions may vary depending on the geographical location and climate of the area. Proper care and close attention should be given to achieve the optimal growth and health of the Strophanthus dewevrei De Wild. plant, which is essential to its medicinal properties.
Cultivation
Strophanthus dewevrei De Wild. is a tropical perennial plant that is native to Africa. It prefers a warm and humid climate with temperatures ranging from 20 to 30 °C. The plant requires well-drained soil with a pH range of 5.5 to 6.5. It can be grown in pots or in the ground in a sunny or partially shaded area.
Propagation can be achieved through seeds or stem cuttings. Seeds must be soaked in warm water for 24 hours before being sown in a well-drained potting mix. Stem cuttings can be taken during the growing season and rooted in a well-drained potting mix.
Watering Needs
Strophanthus dewevrei De Wild. requires regular watering to maintain healthy growth. The plant should be watered when the top layer of soil feels dry to the touch. Over-watering can lead to root rot or fungal infections, so it's essential to ensure the soil does not become waterlogged.
Fertilization
Fertilization is essential to encourage growth and blooming. A balanced fertilizer with equal parts nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium should be used every four to six weeks during the growing season. Be careful not to over-fertilize as it can lead to excessive foliage growth and reduced blooming.
Pruning
Strophanthus dewevrei De Wild. requires minimal pruning. Dead or diseased growth should be removed promptly to maintain healthy growth. The plant can be pruned lightly after blooming to promote bushier growth and maintain the desired shape. Avoid heavy pruning as it may limit or prevent blooming.
Propagation of Strophanthus dewevrei De Wild.
Strophanthus dewevrei De Wild., commonly known as the poison rope, is a tropical shrub that is native to central and western Africa. It belongs to the Apocynaceae family, which includes several species of medicinal plants. Propagation of Strophanthus dewevrei can be done through the following methods:
Seed Propagation
Seeds of Strophanthus dewevrei are viable for up to three years. The seeds can be sown in a sterile potting mix, covered with a thin layer of soil and placed in a warm, bright location. Germination usually occurs within two weeks. Once the seedlings have grown to a suitable size, they can be transplanted into individual containers.
Cuttings Propagation
Strophanthus dewevrei can also be propagated using stem cuttings. The best time to take cuttings is in late spring or early summer. Cut a 4-6 inch piece of stem that does not have any flowers or buds, making sure to cut just below a node. Remove the lower leaves from the cutting and dip the cut end in rooting hormone. Plant the cutting in a moist potting mix and keep it in bright but indirect light. Roots should develop within a few weeks.
Air layering Propagation
Air layering can also be used for propagating Strophanthus dewevrei. This method involves stripping a section of bark from the stem while leaving a ring of cambium layer intact. Apply rooting hormone to the exposed area and wrap it with moist sphagnum moss. Cover the moss with plastic wrap and secure it with a rubber band. Roots should develop within a few weeks. Once the roots have developed, cut the stem below the new roots and plant it in a potting mix.
Regardless of the method used, it is important to provide the plant with adequate moisture, light, and nutrients to ensure successful propagation.
Disease and Pest management for Strophanthus dewevrei
Strophanthus dewevrei is a popular ornamental plant that grows in tropical and subtropical regions. Despite being a hardy plant, it can still be affected by various diseases and pests. Proper disease, and pest management is essential to ensure the healthy growth of this plant. Here are some common diseases and pests that affect Strophanthus dewevrei and how to manage them:
Diseases that affect Strophanthus dewevrei and their management
Anthracnose: Anthracnose is a fungal disease that causes small, dark spots on leaves, stems, and flowers. These spots can grow and merge, leading to defoliation and even plant death. To manage anthracnose, prune and destroy infected plant parts and maintain good air circulation around the plant. Fungicides containing copper or mancozeb can also be used to manage the disease.
Leaf spot: Leaf spot is a fungal disease that causes circular or irregular spots on leaves. It can lead to leaf yellowing, defoliation, and stunted growth. To manage leaf spot, remove and destroy infected leaves and spray with a fungicide containing copper or mancozeb.
Pests that affect Strophanthus dewevrei and their management
Aphids: Aphids are small, sap-sucking insects that can cause leaf curling, yellowing, and stunted growth. They also excrete a sticky material that attracts other pests and can lead to the development of sooty mold. To manage aphids, prune and destroy heavily infested plant parts and spray with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Spider mites: Spider mites are tiny, red or brown insects that also sip sap from the plant. They cause yellowing and stippling of leaves, webbing, and leaf drop. To manage spider mites, prune and destroy heavily infested plant parts and spray with insecticidal soap or neem oil. Keeping the plant well-hydrated can also help prevent infestation.
Thrips: Thrips are tiny, black or brown insects that feed on plant tissue, causing discoloration, distortion, and scarring of leaves. They are hard to spot and can quickly spread other plant diseases. To manage thrips, prune and destroy heavily infested plant parts and spray with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
By regularly monitoring your Strophanthus dewevrei plant and taking preventive measures, you can minimize the impact of diseases and pests. Remember to follow the manufacturer's instructions when using pesticides and fungicides, and always wear protective gear.
