Plant Description:
Streptocarpus umtaliensis B.L.Burtt is a herbaceous plant that belongs to the family Gesneriaceae. The plant is native to Zimbabwe where it grows in rocky outcroppings and crevices in the mountains at an altitude of 450-1000m. The plant has an unusual and striking form with a rosette of powdery, dark green leaves and flowers that emerge directly from the center of the rosette.
Common Names:
The plant is commonly known as the Zimbabwe Violet or Umtali Streptocarpus. The name ‘Umtali’ refers to the former name of the city, Mutare, Zimbabwe where the plant was first discovered.
Uses:
The Streptocarpus umtaliensis B.L.Burtt plant is usually grown as an ornamental plant in gardens or indoors. The plant produces attractive and showy flowers that are available in different colors such as pink, white, purple, and blue. The plant’s leaves are covered with fine hairs, which give it a powdery appearance that often makes it even more attractive as an ornamental plant.
General Appearance:
Streptocarpus umtaliensis B.L.Burtt is a compact plant with a rosette of deep green-colored leaves measuring 15-30cm long and 5-10cm wide. The plant’s leaves are slightly hairy and velvety to the touch. The flowers are funnel-shaped and appear on long stalks that emerge from the center of the plant’s rosette. The flowers measure about 2cm across and have five petals, which are usually darker near the center. The flowers are available in different colors such as pink, white, purple, and blue.
Light Requirements
Streptocarpus umtaliensis B.L.Burtt thrives in bright, indirect light. The plant can tolerate some morning sun, but it should be shielded from the hottest afternoon sun. A lack of light can cause the plant to become leggy and produce fewer blooms.
Temperature Requirements
This plant prefers a moderate temperature range of 60-80°F (16-27°C). It cannot tolerate extreme temperatures, so keep it away from drafts and heating/cooling vents. In the winter months, aim to keep the plant above 55°F (13°C) as it becomes more susceptible to cold damage.
Soil Requirements
Streptocarpus umtaliensis B.L.Burtt needs well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. A peat-based mix with added perlite or vermiculite works well. Make sure the pot has drainage holes to prevent waterlogged soil, which can lead to root rot. Avoid using heavy garden soil or clay.
Cultivation of Streptocarpus umtaliensis B.L.Burtt
Streptocarpus umtaliensis B.L.Burtt is an evergreen perennial that thrives in rich, well-draining soil and partial shade. It requires moderate watering and regular fertilization for optimal growth.
Watering Needs
Streptocarpus umtaliensis B.L.Burtt prefers moist soil, but it is crucial to avoid waterlogging. To avoid root rot, wait until the soil is almost dry before watering again. It is best to water the plant from below by placing the pot in a shallow tray of water and allowing the soil to absorb the water.
Fertilization
Regular fertilization is essential for Streptocarpus umtaliensis B.L.Burtt to flower continuously. Use a balanced fertilizer every two weeks, or a slow-release granular fertilizer every three months. Avoid overfeeding, as it can lead to salt buildup, which can harm the roots.
Pruning
To encourage more growth and prevent overcrowding, prune the plant regularly by removing any dead, damaged, or yellow leaves. It is best to use clean, sharp scissors to prevent the spread of disease. Additionally, removing faded flowers can help to extend the blooming period.
Propagation of Streptocarpus umtaliensis B.L.Burtt
Streptocarpus umtaliensis B.L.Burtt, commonly known as the Cape Primrose, is a popular houseplant that is native to Zimbabwe and Mozambique. The plant propagates readily from seed and leaf cuttings.
Seed Propagation
One of the most common methods of propagating Streptocarpus umtaliensis is through seed propagation. Sow seeds in a well-draining, light potting mix and cover lightly with soil. Keep the soil moist and cover the pot with a plastic bag to create a humid environment. Seeds should germinate in 2-4 weeks. Once seedlings have emerged, remove the plastic bag and place the pot in a bright, but indirect light.
Leaf Propagation
Another way to propagate Streptocarpus umtaliensis is through leaf cuttings. Choose a mature, healthy leaf and cut it near the base of the plant. Carefully remove the leaf from the stem, making sure to keep the petiole intact. Dip the cut end of the leaf in rooting hormone and place it in a pot filled with a mixture of peat and perlite. Water the pot and cover it with a plastic bag to create a humid environment. In a few weeks, the leaf should begin to grow roots. Once roots have formed, remove the plastic bag and place the new plant in a bright, but indirect light.
Division
Another way to propagate Streptocarpus umtaliensis is through division. This method is best done when repotting the plant. Carefully remove the plant from its pot and separate the individual growth points, making sure each section has at least one healthy leaf and a portion of the root system. Repot each section in a fresh pot, and water well. Place the newly potted sections in a bright, but indirect light.
Disease management
Streptocarpus umtaliensis B.L.Burtt is generally not affected by many diseases. However, the plant can still fall prey to a few diseases if proper care is not taken.
One of the common diseases that affect Streptocarpus umtaliensis is leaf spot, caused by the Cercospora fungus. This disease manifests as yellow spots on the leaves, which eventually turn brown. To manage the disease, infected leaves should be removed immediately, and the plant should be sprayed with fungicides.
Another disease that might affect Streptocarpus umtaliensis is root rot, which is caused by overwatering and poor drainage. Infected plants should be repotted in well-draining soil to avoid excess water accumulation.
Powdery mildew is also a common disease that affects the plant. It can be identified by the whitish powder that appears on the surface of the leaves. To manage the disease, the plant should be sprayed with fungicides and kept in a well-ventilated area.
Pest management
Aside from diseases, Streptocarpus umtaliensis B.L.Burtt can also fall victim to some pests. These include spider mites, thrips, and mealybugs.
Spider mites are tiny pests that feed on the sap of the plant, resulting in discolored leaves and webs on the stems. To manage spider mites, infected plants should be treated with insecticides, and the leaves should be regularly wiped with a damp cloth.
Thrips are also common pests that affect Streptocarpus umtaliensis, causing the leaves to become pale and marked with silvery lines. To manage thrips, infected plants should be treated with insecticides, and the leaves should be regularly washed to remove the pests.
Mealybugs are white, cotton-like insects that feed on the plant's sap. Infested plants should be treated with insecticides, and infected leaves should be removed. Keeping a check on the soil moisture level and avoiding over-fertilization can help to prevent mealybug infestations in the first place.
