Overview
Sterculia oblonga Mast. is a plant species native to Southeast Asia, particularly in the Philippines. It belongs to the genus Sterculia and the family Malvaceae. The plant is commonly known as "Malatibig" or "Kalumpit" in the Philippines.
Appearance
The Sterculia oblonga Mast. plant is a medium-sized tree that can reach up to 12 meters in height. The tree has an erect and straight trunk with a grayish bark. The leaves are oblong or elliptic and can grow up to 25 centimeters long. The flowers of the plant are pale yellow and are about 1.5 centimeters in diameter. The fruit is a woody capsule that contains several seeds.
Uses
The tree is often used for landscaping and as a shade tree. The leaves of the Sterculia oblonga Mast. plant are used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments such as fever, bronchitis, and hypertension. The seeds of the tree are edible and are often used in traditional delicacies. The bark and roots of the tree have also been used to make traditional medicines for stomach ailments and dysentery. The plant is a source of resin that can be used for making adhesives and varnishes.
Light Requirements
The Sterculia oblonga Mast. plant requires bright, indirect sunlight for optimal growth. Direct sunlight can scorch its leaves, so it should be placed in a spot where it can receive filtered sunlight or partial shade.
Temperature Requirements
The Sterculia oblonga Mast. plant thrives in warm temperatures similar to its native habitat in tropical and subtropical regions. Optimal growth temperature for this plant ranges from 18 to 32 degrees Celsius. It can tolerate temperature fluctuations but is sensitive to cold temperatures, so it should not be exposed to temperatures below 10 degrees Celsius.
Soil Requirements
The Sterculia oblonga Mast. plant prefers well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. It can grow in a variety of soils, including clay, loam, and sand, but it requires good drainage. A pH between 6.5 and 7.5 is ideal for this plant. It is recommended to mix mulch, compost, or other organic matter to improve soil quality and retain moisture.
Cultivation of Sterculia oblonga Mast.
Sterculia oblonga Mast. is a small to medium-sized tree native to Southeast Asia. It prefers a warm and humid climate with well-drained soil. The plant can grow in full sun or partial shade and requires ample space for its roots to spread.
Watering of Sterculia oblonga Mast.
The watering needs of Sterculia oblonga Mast. depend on the climate and soil conditions. The plant requires regular watering in hot and dry conditions to prevent wilting. However, overwatering can lead to root rot, so it's best to water the plant only when the top inch of the soil feels dry to the touch. During the winter months, it's important to reduce watering to avoid waterlogging the soil.
Fertilization of Sterculia oblonga Mast.
Like most plants, Sterculia oblonga Mast. benefits from fertilizer applications. A balanced fertilizer with equal proportions of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium is suitable for the plant. Apply fertilizer once every two months during the growing season, from spring to fall, and reduce fertilizer applications during the winter months. Avoid over-fertilizing the plant, as this can lead to stunted growth and root burn.
Pruning of Sterculia oblonga Mast.
Pruning is essential to maintain the shape and size of Sterculia oblonga Mast. and remove dead or damaged branches. Prune the tree during its dormant phase to avoid injuring the plant. It's best to prune the tree when it's young to prevent the need for heavy pruning later on. When pruning, use sharp and sterile tools to avoid damaging the tree and spread of diseases. It's recommended to consult with a professional if you're unsure how to prune the plant.
Propagation of Sterculia oblonga Mast.
Sterculia oblonga Mast., also known as the Buttercup Tree, is propagated through various techniques such as seeds, cuttings, and grafting. These methods are carried out during the spring season when the sap starts to rise.
Propagation by Seeds
Sterculia oblonga can be propagated by its seeds, which are collected from the ripe fruit in the fall season. The seeds are then soaked in warm water for at least 24 hours to soften their hard outer shell. After soaking, the seeds are sown in a well-drained potting mix, and kept in a warm and moist environment with filtered sunlight. The germination process may take up to several weeks and young seedlings can be transplanted into individual pots once they have a few true leaves.
Propagation by Cuttings
Propagation by cuttings is also possible, but it can be a difficult process as the chances of success are low. However, softwood cuttings during late spring or early summer have a higher chance of success. Cuttings should be taken from younger and healthy branches that have no flowers or buds. The base of the cutting should be dipped in hormone rooting powder before planting it in a well-drained potting mix, and kept in a moist environment with filtered sunlight. Rooting may take up to several months.
Propagation by Grafting
Grafting can also be used to propagate Sterculia oblonga. It involves joining the stem of a selected scion of a desired plant with the rootstock of another closely related plant. The younger plant is carefully established while removing any buds or twigs. Then, the scion is cut with a sloping cut and joined with the rootstock to ensure growing together. The union is then covered with a grafting sealant to prevent any infection. The grafted plant is then kept in a warm and moist environment till it establishes.
Disease and Pest Management for Sterculia oblonga Mast.
Sterculia oblonga Mast., commonly known as the peanut butter tree or hazelnut tree, is a tree species that is native to tropical regions. It is generally quite hardy and easy to grow, but it can still be affected by various diseases and pests that can cause damage or even kill the tree if left untreated.
Common Diseases
One of the most common diseases that affect Sterculia oblonga is anthracnose, a fungal disease that can cause leaf spots, twig blight, and cankers. To manage anthracnose, it is recommended to prune away infected twigs and branches and dispose of them properly. Applying a fungicide treatment can also help control the spread of the disease.
Another common disease is powdery mildew, which can cause a white, powdery coating to form on the leaves and stems of the plant. To control powdery mildew, it is recommended to prune infected branches and improve air circulation around the plant. Applying a fungicide treatment can also be effective in managing the disease.
Common Pests
Sterculia oblonga may also be affected by various pests, including scales, aphids, and whiteflies. These insects feed on the sap of the plant, causing damage to the leaves and stems. To manage these pests, it is recommended to use insecticidal soaps or horticultural oils. Encouraging natural predators, such as ladybugs and lacewings, can also help control pest populations.
Caterpillars can also be a problem for Sterculia oblonga, as they feed on the leaves and can cause defoliation. To manage caterpillars, it is recommended to prune away infected leaves and apply a biological pesticide. Handpicking the caterpillars can also be effective for small infestations.
Overall, the key to managing diseases and pests in Sterculia oblonga is to maintain a healthy growing environment. Proper watering, fertilization, and pruning can go a long way in preventing and managing these issues. Regular monitoring and quick action at the first sign of a problem can also help keep the plant healthy and thriving.
