Stathmostelma Thomasii Bullock

Overview of Stathmostelma thomasii Bullock

Stathmostelma thomasii Bullock, also known as Thomas's stathmostelma, is a perennial climbing plant belonging to the family Apocynaceae. The funnel-shaped flowers of this plant are reddish-brown in color, and the leaves are green and glossy.

Origin and Common Names

Stathmostelma thomasii is native to eastern Africa, primarily found in Kenya and Tanzania. It is commonly known as Thomas's stathmostelma, after its discoverer, Thomas Bullock.

Uses

Stathmostelma thomasii is used for medicinal purposes by some African tribes, particularly the Maasai. They use the plant to treat ailments such as tuberculosis, stomach aches, and snake bites. The plant's root extract has also been found to have antitumor activity, making it a potential candidate for cancer treatment.

In addition to its medicinal uses, Stathmostelma thomasii is also grown ornamentally for its attractive flowers and glossy leaves.

General Appearance

Stathmostelma thomasii is a vine-like plant that can grow up to 3 meters in length. Its stems are woody, and it climbs by twining around neighboring plants. The leaves are arranged in opposite pairs along the stem and are elliptical or lance-shaped, with a glossy green surface. The flowers grow in clusters at the ends of the branches and have five petals fused at the base, forming a funnel shape. The flowers are reddish-brown to purplish-brown in color and emit a strong odor.

Light Requirements

Stathmostelma thomasii Bullock requires full sunlight to grow properly. This plant cannot tolerate shade or low light conditions. It is necessary to plant it in an area where it can receive 6-8 hours of direct sunlight each day.

Temperature Requirements

Stathmostelma thomasii Bullock is a tropical plant and requires warm temperatures to thrive. It cannot tolerate frost or temperatures below 50°F (10°C). The ideal temperature range for growth is between 70°F to 85°F (21°C to 29°C).

Soil Requirements

Stathmostelma thomasii Bullock requires well-draining soil that is rich in nutrients. It prefers slightly acidic to neutral soil with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.0. The soil should be airy and light for roots to grow properly. It is important to avoid waterlogged soils as this plant is susceptible to root rot.

Cultivation Methods

Stathmostelma thomasii, also known as the ciliate swallowwort, is a succulent plant that grows in rocky terrain and sandy soils. If you are cultivating this plant, it is important to mimic this natural habitat for it to thrive. Plant this succulent in well-draining soil that is slightly alkaline. Full sun to partial shade will promote healthy growth.

Watering Needs

The ciliate swallowwort requires moderate watering, with a focus on drying out between watering intervals. Overwatering can lead to rotting roots and death of the plant. During the summer months, the plant will need more water, especially in hot and dry climates.

Fertilization

In terms of fertilization, use a balanced fertilizer in the spring and summer months when the plant is actively growing. Avoid fertilizing in the winter months as the plant becomes dormant during this time.

Pruning

Pruning this succulent is not necessary as it has unusual growth habits and pruning can lead to stunted growth. However, if there are any dead or damaged leaves or stems, they can be removed with a clean and sharp pair of scissors or pruning shears.

Propagation of Stathmostelma thomasii Bullock

Stathmostelma thomasii Bullock is propagated through seeds and stem cuttings. The plant is relatively easy to propagate, which makes it an ideal choice for gardeners and plant enthusiasts.

Propagation through seeds

The plant produces seeds after flowering. The seeds are small and flat and can be easily collected. To propagate Stathmostelma thomasii Bullock through seeds, follow these steps:

1. Collect the seeds from the plant after the flowers have wilted
2. Place the seeds in a container of water and let them soak for a few hours
3. Remove any seeds that float on the surface, as they are not viable
4. Prepare a seed tray with a good quality, well-draining potting mix
5. Plant the seeds in the seed tray, making sure they are not buried too deep
6. Water the seeds lightly and cover the tray with a lid or plastic wrap to provide humidity
7. Place the tray in a warm, well-lit area but out of direct sunlight
8. Keep the soil moist but not waterlogged
9. Once the seedlings have developed two or three true leaves, they can be transferred to individual pots
10. Transplant the seedlings to their final location once they have established a good root system

Propagation through stem cuttings

Stem cuttings can also be used to propagate Stathmostelma thomasii Bullock. Follow these steps:

1. Select a healthy stem without any flowers
2. Cut a stem that is at least 5-7 cm long
3. Remove any leaves from the bottom half of the stem
4. Dip the cut end of the stem in rooting hormone to encourage root growth
5. Plant the stem in a pot of well-draining, good quality potting mix
6. Water the soil and cover the pot with a plastic bag to create humidity
7. Place the pot in a warm, well-lit area but out of direct sunlight
8. Once the stem has developed roots, it can be transplanted to a larger pot or to its final location

Propagation through stem cuttings can be done at any time of the year, but it is best done during spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing.

Disease Management

Stathmostelma thomasii Bullock is generally a healthy plant and is not often affected by diseases. However, some common diseases that can occur are:

• Leaf spot: This is caused by fungi and can result in yellow or brown spots on the leaves. To manage this disease, it is recommended to remove and destroy infected leaves. Also, avoid overhead watering, as this can encourage fungal growth.
• Powdery mildew: This disease can cause a white powdery substance on the leaves and stems. To manage this disease, it is recommended to improve air circulation around the plant and avoid overcrowding. Also, applying a fungicide can be helpful.
• Root rot: This is caused by overwatering and poor drainage. To manage this disease, it is recommended to ensure proper drainage, only water when the soil is dry, and avoid overwatering.

Pest Management

Stathmostelma thomasii Bullock is generally resistant to pests, but here are some common pests that might affect the plant:

• Aphids: These insects can cause damage to the leaves and flowers by sucking sap. To manage aphids, it is recommended to spray the plant with a strong jet of water or apply an insecticidal soap.
• Spider mites: These pests can cause yellowing and browning of the leaves. To manage spider mites, it is recommended to improve humidity around the plant and remove any infected leaves. Also, applying a miticide can be helpful.
• Whiteflies: These pests can cause damage by sucking sap from the leaves. To manage whiteflies, it is recommended to use yellow sticky traps or apply an insecticidal soap.