Stapelia tapscottii: An Overview
Stapelia tapscottii I.Verd. is a species of succulent plant that belongs to the family Asclepiadaceae, commonly known as the milkweed family. It is a perennial plant that is native to South Africa and grows in the arid regions of Namaqualand and Richtersveld.
Common Names
The plant is commonly known by several names, including Toad Carrion, Toad Plant, Tapscott’s Stapelia, and Carrion Flower. These names are based on the plant's unusual appearance, which resembles a dead toad or rotten meat, giving off a strong odor that attracts flies and other insects.
Appearance
Stapelia tapscottii has a distinctive appearance, with dull green stems that grow up to 15 cm long and 3 cm thick. The stems are covered in small bumps that resemble warts and short, fine bristles. The flowers grow from the base of the stems and are star-shaped, measuring up to 6 cm in diameter. The petals are hairy and light yellow-green, with brown spots, while the central column is erect and covered in short hairs.
Uses
Stapelia tapscottii is mainly grown as an ornamental plant due to its unusual and unique appearance. The plant is easy to grow and maintain, making it ideal for indoor or outdoor gardens. The plant is drought-resistant and thrives in well-draining soil, making it ideal for areas with low rainfall. Although the plant is not toxic, handling it can cause skin irritation due to its bristly hairs.
Light Conditions
The Stapelia tapscottii is a plant that thrives in bright, direct sunlight. It will also grow well in partial shade, but it may not flower as vigorously as it would in full sun. Indoors, the plant should be placed in a south-facing window or in direct sunlight for at least six hours daily.
Temperature Requirements
The plant is native to regions with warm and hot temperatures, and therefore, it requires a temperature range between 18°C and 27°C to grow best. The Stapelia tapscottii cannot tolerate frost, and temperatures below 5°C can damage or kill the plant. Therefore, it is best suited for outdoor planting in USDA hardiness zones 10 and 11.
Soil Requirements
The Stapelia tapscottii prefers well-draining soil. The plant grows well in rocky or sandy soil types with low nutrients, similar to their natural habitat. To create the ideal soil mixture for the plant, mix equal parts of peat moss, sand, and perlite. Alternatively, mix regular potting soil with sand or perlite to improve the drainage of the soil.
Cultivation methods for Stapelia tapscottii I.Verd
To cultivate Stapelia tapscottii, ensure you plant it in a porous soil mix that offers excellent drainage to prevent root rot. You may use commercial cactus or succulent soil mix, combined with sand, perlite, or pumice stone to enhance drainage as needed. The plant will require a pot that provides sufficient space for root growth.
Stapelia tapscottii thrives best in a bright and well-ventilated location, such as a windowsill or outside on a patio. However, ensure you protect it from harsh direct sunlight and extreme temperatures.
Watering needs for Stapelia tapscottii I.Verd
Stapelia tapscottii requires moderate watering. The soil should be allowed to dry out entirely before adding water. It would help if you did not leave the soil too damp as it may lead to root rot.
During the active growth phase, typically during the warmer months of the year, water more frequently. However, reduce watering during the cooler seasons to prevent the soil from becoming too damp. Ensure you avoid getting water on the plant's fuzzy stem or flowers as it may lead to rot.
Fertilization for Stapelia tapscottii I.Verd
Stapelia tapscottii is a low-maintenance plant that doesn't require much fertilizer. However, you may choose to fertilize sparingly during the growing phase using a diluted mix of a balanced liquid fertilizer. Fertilize at intervals of about six weeks during the growing season.
Pruning for Stapelia tapscottii I.Verd
Stapelia tapscottii doesn't require regular pruning, but you may choose to remove any damaged, diseased, or unsightly growth. It would be best if you used sterile pruning shears to avoid further damage or possible infections. Additionally, you may pinch the plant's tips to encourage branching, resulting in fuller growth.
Propagation methods for Stapelia tapscottii I.Verd.
Stapelia tapscottii I.Verd. can be propagated through different methods, including seed propagation, stem cutting, and division.
Seed propagation
Stapelia tapscottii I.Verd. produces seeds that can be used for propagation. To propagate through seed, the first step is to collect mature seeds from the plant's seedpods. The seeds should be allowed to dry for a few days before sowing.
After drying, the seeds should be sown in well-draining soil. The soil should be kept moist, but not waterlogged, until the seeds germinate. Germination usually takes a few weeks to a few months.
Stem cutting
Stem cuttings are taken from the mother plant to propagate the plant. For Stapelia tapscottii I.Verd., stem cutting is the most common method of propagation. To propagate through cuttings, select a healthy stem from the mother plant and cut it with a sterile knife or scissors.
After cutting, allow the stem to dry in a cool and dry place for a few days. Once the cuttings are dry, they can be planted in well-draining soil. Water lightly and keep the soil slightly moist until new growth appears.
Division
Division is another method of propagating Stapelia tapscottii I.Verd. This method involves separating the mother plant into several smaller plants, each with its own root system.
To divide the plant, remove the plant from its pot and gently separate the clumps. Each clump should have its own root system and at least one healthy stem. Replant the clumps in well-draining soil and water lightly until roots are established.
Disease Management
Stapelia tapscottii is generally a healthy plant and not susceptible to many diseases, but it can still be affected by fungal and bacterial infections. The best way to prevent diseases is to ensure the plant is kept in a well-ventilated area with good air circulation, given proper watering and nutrition, and kept free of pests. If necessary, apply a fungicide or bactericide to affected areas. When working with diseased plants, disinfect all tools to avoid spreading the problem.
Pest Management
While not common, Stapelia tapscottii may fall prey to pests including mealybugs, spider mites, thrips, and scale insects. Infestations can damage the plant and spread to other nearby plants. Regular inspection is the best way to detect pests early. If found, isolate the plant and apply the appropriate method of pest control. For example, apply insecticidal soap or horticultural oil to affected areas, or use predatory insects, such as ladybugs, to help control other pests.
