Plant Description:
Stapelia praetermissa L.C.Leach var. praetermissa is a succulent plant species that belongs to the Apocynaceae family. It is a perennial plant that can reach a height of about 30 cm (12 in) and produces small star-shaped flowers.
Origin:
The plant is native to South Africa, where it can be found growing in the dry and rocky areas of the country. It has also been introduced to other parts of the world as an ornamental plant.
Common Names:
The plant is commonly known as Carrion Flower, Zulu Giant, and Starfish Flower, among many others. The name Carrion Flower comes from the unpleasant smell of the flower that resembles the odor of rotten flesh, attracting flies for pollination.
Uses:
Stapelia praetermissa L.C.Leach var. praetermissa is primarily grown as an ornamental plant due to its striking appearance, unique flower, and low maintenance needs. The plant is also used in traditional medicine in some parts of Africa as a remedy for various ailments, including snake bites, fever, and stomach problems.
General Appearance:
The plant has a thick, fleshy stem that can become swollen at the base, providing it with water storage capabilities. The stem is green, with noticeable vertical ridges and small bumps forming areoles where the leaves, which are reduced to small, spiny growths, arise. The plant's flowers are typically 6-10 cm wide, brownish-red in color, and covered with short hairs. The flowers have five pointed lobes that form a star shape, with a fleshy and hairy center containing the reproductive organs. The flower's unpleasant odor is at its strongest during the night, where it can attract carrion flies, responsible for pollinating the plant.
Light Requirements
Stapelia praetermissa L.C.Leach var. praetermissa prefers bright, indirect sunlight. It can tolerate some direct sunlight, especially in the morning. Too much direct sunlight, especially in the afternoon, can scorch the plant and damage its flowers. However, if the plant is kept in too much shade, it will not bloom and may become weak and spindly.
Temperature Requirements
The plant prefers warm temperatures, ideally from 70°F to 85°F (21°C to 29°C) during the day, and around 60°F (15°C) at night. It can tolerate cooler temperatures for short periods, but should not be exposed to frost or freezing temperatures. This plant is sensitive to sudden temperature changes, so try to maintain a consistent temperature and avoid placing it near cold drafts or air conditioning vents.
Soil Requirements
The plant prefers well-draining soil that is slightly acidic to neutral, with a pH between 6 and 7. A cactus or succulent mix works well, or you can mix regular potting soil with sand or perlite to improve drainage. It is essential to plant the stem in the soil shallowly and allow at least half of the stem to show above the soil surface. This helps prevent rotting of the stem, which is a common problem with this plant.
Cultivation Methods
Stapelia praetermissa L.C.Leach var. praetermissa is a succulent plant that grows easily in warm, arid climates. To cultivate this plant successfully, it must be planted in well-draining soil, and the soil should be kept moist (not wet). For best results, plant the plant in a pot that is at least one size bigger than the previous pot, as this will allow the plant enough space for growth. The plant must be placed in an area that receives indirect sunlight and must be protected from frost or extreme temperature changes.
Watering Needs
The watering needs of Stapelia praetermissa L.C.Leach var. praetermissa are minimal, and the plant can survive without water for long periods. The plant must be watered when the soil is dry to the touch and must not receive any water if the soil is still moist. Overwatering the plant will cause root rot, which may result in death.
Fertilization
Stapelia praetermissa L.C.Leach var. praetermissa is not a heavy feeder and, therefore, does not require frequent fertilization. However, the plant can benefit from occasional fertilization to promote growth and development. The plant can be fertilized with a balanced fertilizer solution every two to three months during the growing season (spring and summer). It is essential to avoid fertilizing the plant during the dormant period (fall and winter).
Pruning
Pruning is essential in maintaining the shape and size of Stapelia praetermissa L.C.Leach var. praetermissa. The plant can be pruned to remove dead or damaged parts and to stimulate new growth. Pruning should be done in the early spring, just before the growing season starts. The plant must be pruned with sterilized pruning shears to avoid the spread of diseases.
Propagation of Stapelia praetermissa L.C.Leach var. praetermissa
Stapelia praetermissa L.C.Leach var. praetermissa is a succulent plant species that is propagated through various means:
Seed propagation
Propagation through seed is the most common method for Stapelia praetermissa. Sow the seeds in a well-draining soil mix and place in a warm and bright location. It is essential to keep the soil damp but not wet throughout the germination process which can take about two to three weeks to complete.
Cuttings
Stapelia praetermissa can also be propagated by stem cuttings. Cut a stem from the mother plant, ensuring that it is at least 10cm in length. Allow the cutting to callous for a few days to prevent rotting, then insert it into a well-draining soil mix. It is best to keep the soil damp but not wet until the cutting has rooted.
Division
Stapelia praetermissa can be propagated via division as well. This method involves separating a mature plant into smaller sections and transplanting them into new containers. Ensure that each division has its roots and growth points by gently teasing apart the plant's roots. Place the divided sections into a well-draining soil mix, water and keep them in a warm and bright location until they establish roots and begin to grow.
Disease Management
Stapelia praetermissa L.C.Leach var. praetermissa is generally a hardy plant, but it can be susceptible to rot if overwatered. To prevent this, it is important to ensure that the soil is well-draining and not kept too damp. If you notice any signs of rot, such as blackening or mushiness of the stems or roots, immediately remove the affected parts and treat the remaining plant with a fungicide to prevent the spread of the disease.
Another common disease in Stapelia praetermissa is leaf spot, which is caused by fungi. This disease is characterized by dark, water-soaked spots on the leaves, which eventually turn yellow and fall off. To manage leaf spot, remove the affected leaves and destroy them to prevent the spread of the disease. You can also apply a fungicide containing copper to the remaining parts of the plant to prevent reinfection.
Pest Management
The most common pests that affect Stapelia praetermissa L.C.Leach var. praetermissa are mealybugs and spider mites. Mealybugs are small, white insects that look like tiny cotton balls and can be found on the stems and leaves. To manage mealybugs, wipe them off with a cotton swab soaked in rubbing alcohol. You can also try using insecticidal soap or neem oil to control the infestation.
Spider mites are tiny pests that can cause discoloration and wilting of the leaves. They often appear as tiny red or brown specks on the underside of the leaves. To manage spider mites, wash the plant with a strong jet of water to dislodge the pests. You can also try using insecticidal soap or neem oil to control the infestation.
Regular inspection of your plant will help you detect any signs of disease or pest infestation early. It is important to take immediate action to prevent the spread of the disease or pests to other plants in your collection.
