Overview
Stapelia hirsuta L. var. longirostris (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. is a succulent plant belonging to the Stapelia genus. It is native to South Africa and has various common names such as "Carrion Flower", "Starfish Flower", and "Zulu Giant". This plant earned its foul smell because it attracts insects that help with pollination.
Appearance
The plant has a typical succulent shape and features, with thick stems and hair. The plant produces sprawling stems which grow up to 30cm long and leaves are tiny, barely visible. The flowers of this species grow to be 20cm in diameter, with a wide five-pointed, bright yellow star-shaped corolla with a furry, hair-covered centre that is dark red or brown, ending in a long pointy spike.
Uses
Stapelia hirsuta L. var. longirostris (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. doesn't have many practical uses in terms of consumption or manufacturing. However, some people may use the plant for medicinal purposes, as it contains a variety of therapeutic compounds. The succulent also has ornamental use for its unique appearance.
Light Requirements
Stapelia hirsuta L. var. longirostris (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. requires bright and direct sunlight to achieve optimal growth. Although the plant can tolerate some shade, it needs a minimum of 4-6 hours of sunlight per day. Growers should place the plant near a south-facing window or provide artificial light if natural light is insufficient.
Temperature Requirements
The ideal temperature range for Stapelia hirsuta L. var. longirostris (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. is between 60°F to 80°F (15°C to 27°C). Temperatures above this range can lead to leaf burn and stunted growth, while temperatures below this range can cause the plant to wither and die. Growers should ensure that the plant is protected from cold drafts and extreme heat.
Soil Requirements
Stapelia hirsuta L. var. longirostris (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. prefers well-draining soil with low fertility. The soil should be a mix of sand, perlite, and peat moss in equal proportions. The pH level of the soil should be slightly acidic, ranging from 6.0 to 6.5. Growers should avoid overwatering the plant, as it can lead to root rot. The plant prefers dry conditions and can tolerate drought for short periods.
Cultivation methods
Stapelia hirsuta L. var. longirostris (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. is a succulent plant that is relatively easy to cultivate. It is naturally found in the deserts of South Africa but can be grown in pots in most parts of the world. The plant thrives in well-draining soil and requires full sun exposure to grow well.
The best time to plant a Stapelia hirsuta is during the spring. It is important to plant the plant in a pot that has drainage holes at the bottom. You can also grow the plant outdoors if you live in a warm climate.
Watering needs
Stapelia hirsuta L. var. longirostris (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. requires moderate watering during its growth period. During the growing season, it is important to water the plant regularly, but make sure that the soil dries out completely between each watering session. You can reduce the frequency of watering during the winter months when the plant is dormant.
It is important to note that overwatering the plant can lead to root rot, which can kill the plant. The best way to check if the soil is dry is to stick your finger into the soil. If it feels dry, it is time to water the plant.
Fertilization
Stapelia hirsuta L. var. longirostris (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. is not a very hungry plant, so it does not require frequent fertilization. However, adding a balanced fertilizer during the plant’s growth period can help promote healthy growth.
You can use any standard fertilizer to feed the plant, but make sure to follow the manufacturer’s instructions. It is best to avoid fertilizing the plant during the winter months when it is dormant.
Pruning
Pruning is not required for Stapelia hirsuta L. var. longirostris (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. However, removing any yellow or dead leaves can help the plant conserve its energy and focus on healthy growth.
If the plant is growing too large for its pot, you can transplant it into a larger pot or divide it into smaller clusters. Be careful not to damage the roots while transplanting.
Propagation of Stapelia hirsuta L. var. longirostris (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br.
Stapelia hirsuta L. var. longirostris (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. can be propagated through various methods. Some popular propagation methods for Stapelia hirsuta L. var. longirostris (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. are:
Propagation through stem cuttings:
Stapelia hirsuta L. var. longirostris (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. can be propagated using stem cuttings. To propagate the plant through this method, select a healthy stem from the parent plant, which is free from any pests or diseases. Cut a section of the stem that is around 8 inches long and has a minimum of 2 nodes. Allow the cuttings to dry for around 2-3 days before planting them.
Propagation through seeds:
Seeds can also be used as a propagation method for Stapelia hirsuta L. var. longirostris (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. For this method, ensure to use fresh seeds and plant them in a well-draining soil mix. The seeds should be sown just below the surface of the soil mix and kept in a warm and bright location. It takes around 2-3 weeks for the seeds to germinate.
Propagation through division:
Propagation of Stapelia hirsuta L. var. longirostris (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. can also be achieved through division. The division method involves separating the offsets or clusters of the parent plant and planting them separately in individual pots. It is recommended to use a well-draining soil mix and not to water the plant for a few days. Division is usually done when the parent plant becomes too large for its pot.
Disease Management
Stapelia hirsuta L. var. longirostris (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. is generally a hardy plant with strong resistance to diseases. However, some common diseases may still affect the plant, including stem rot, leaf spot, and powdery mildew.
To manage stem rot, it is critical to avoid over-watering the plant, as excess moisture can lead to fungal growth and decay of the stem. If stem rot is already present, it is best to cut off the infected part of the stem and remove it from the plant.
Leaf spot is caused by fungi and characterized by brown or black spots on the leaves. To manage leaf spot, the affected leaves should be removed immediately, and the plant should be sprayed with a fungicide.
Powdery mildew appears as a white, powdery substance on the leaves. It can be caused by dry air or high humidity levels. To manage powdery mildew, it is essential to maintain adequate air circulation and avoid watering the plant from above. A fungicide can also be used to treat powdery mildew.
Pest Management
Stapelia hirsuta L. var. longirostris (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. is also susceptible to some common pests, including mealybugs and spider mites.
Mealybugs are small, white insects that suck the sap from the stems and leaves. To manage mealybugs, it is essential to regularly inspect the plant and quickly remove any visible insects with a damp cloth or cotton swab. A systemic insecticide can also be used to treat a mealybug infestation.
Spider mites are tiny, red or brown creatures that spin webs on the plant and cause leaf discoloration. To manage spider mites, it is essential to maintain a humid environment around the plant and regularly spray the leaves with water. An insecticide can also be used to treat a spider mite infestation.
