Stapelia divaricata Masson: Description and Overview
Stapelia divaricata Masson, commonly known as the Zulu giant or carrion plant, is a succulent perennial plant species of the genus Stapelia, which belongs to the family Apocynaceae. Originating from South Africa and Namibia, this amazing succulent plant is native to the Namaqualand region of the Northern Cape Province in South Africa.
Appearance and Characteristics
Stapelia divaricata Masson is characterized by its unique, star-shaped flowers that emit a foul odor similar to that of rotting flesh. These flowers are typically 15 cm in diameter, and usually appear during the summer and autumn seasons. In terms of its appearance, the stems of the Zulu giant are prostrate or decumbent in nature, and can reach up to 1 meter in length. The stems themselves are green and ribbed with tiny tubercles, and they usually have branches at the base of each leaf. The leaves themselves are tiny and hairless.
Uses and Benefits
The carrion plant, while not used extensively for medicinal purposes, is often used as an ornamental plant. Home gardeners and succulent enthusiasts grow the plant in their gardens to enjoy the unique-looking star-shaped flowers. Its unusual and unpleasant smell of the flowers attracts flies responsible for pollinating the flowers. Moreover, the plant requires low maintenance and can thrive in dry conditions, making it an ideal choice for arid areas.
In conclusion, Stapelia divaricata Masson or the carrion plant is a unique, easy-to-care-for plant species with its star-shaped flowers and an unpleasant smell keeps flies around it for pollination. Due to its distinct physical appearance and unique smell, it is often grown for ornamental purposes. The plant is an ideal choice for people who love succulent plants and live in dry environments as it requires minimal maintenance to thrive.
Light Requirements
Stapelia divaricata Masson needs bright, indirect light for proper growth. This plant thrives in a bright, sunny window but should be protected from direct sunlight. In low light conditions, the plant may grow tall and lanky, and the flowers may not open fully.
Temperature Requirements
This plant prefers warm temperatures ranging from 70-80°F (21-27°C) during the day and 50-60°F (10-15°C) at night. It is important to keep Stapelia divaricata Masson away from cold drafts as it can cause damage to the plant.
Soil Requirements
Stapelia divaricata Masson requires well-draining soil that is slightly acidic (pH 6.0-7.0). A mix of cactus potting soil and perlite or sand works well for this plant. Additionally, the plant requires a substrate that has good airflow, which will help prevent root rot.
Cultivation of Stapelia divaricata Masson
Stapelia divaricata Masson is a succulent plant that is relatively easy to cultivate. It is native to South Africa and is a member of the milkweed family. This plant is best grown in well-draining soil and under bright light.
Watering Needs
When it comes to watering, Stapelia divaricata Masson is a plant that prefers to be kept on the drier side. Overwatering can lead to root rot, so it's crucial to make sure that the soil is completely dry before watering the plant again. It's best to water this plant deeply but infrequently, allowing the soil to dry out between watering episodes.
Fertilization
Stapelia divaricata Masson is not a heavy feeder. Fertilizing it once a month with a balanced liquid houseplant fertilizer diluted to half strength during the growing season should be enough. Avoid fertilizing during the winter months when the plant is dormant.
Pruning
Stapelia divaricata Masson doesn't require much pruning. However, you can remove any dead or diseased plant parts at any time of the year. If the plant becomes too leggy and sparse looking, you can refresh it by trimming up to 1/3 of the plant's total length from the stem tip. This will encourage the plant to branch out and will give it a fuller appearance.
Propagation of Stapelia divaricata Masson
Propagating Stapelia divaricata can be done through stem cuttings or seeds. Both methods can be successful, but seed propagation is generally more difficult and time-consuming.
Propagation by stem cuttings
The easiest way to propagate Stapelia divaricata is through stem cuttings. Cut a healthy stem from the parent plant, making sure the cutting is at least 4 inches long. Allow the cutting to dry out for a few days to allow the wound to callus over.
Once the wound has callused, dip the cut end of the stem in rooting hormone to promote root growth. Plant the cutting in well-draining soil, and water sparingly until roots have formed. After the roots have established, the plant can be treated as a mature Stapelia divaricata.
Propagation by seeds
Propagation by seed is more challenging than stem cutting, but it is possible to grow new Stapelia divaricata plants from seeds. Collect ripe seed pods from a mature plant, and allow them to dry out completely. Sow the seeds in well-draining soil, and cover them with a thin layer of sand or vermiculite.
Keep the soil moist, but not waterlogged, and place the pot in a warm, bright location. Germination can take several weeks to months. Once the seedlings have emerged and grown to a few inches tall, they can be treated like mature Stapelia divaricata plants.
Disease and Pest Management for Stapelia divaricata Masson
Stapelia divaricata Masson, commonly known as the carrion plant or starfish flower, is a succulent plant species that is native to South Africa. Like all plants, it can be susceptible to diseases and pests, which can harm growth and overall health. Here are some common diseases and pests that might affect the plant and suggest ways to manage them.
Common Diseases
One common disease that can affect Stapelia divaricata is root rot. This occurs when the plant is overwatered, and the roots become waterlogged, leading to decay. To manage this disease, you should ensure that the plant is adequately drained and not sitting in excess water. You should also use sterile potting soil and avoid overwatering the plant.
Powdery mildew is another disease that can affect Stapelia divaricata. This fungal disease appears as a white powdery coating on leaves and stems, which can lead to stunted growth and damage. To manage this disease, you should keep the plant in a well-ventilated area and avoid overhead watering. If powdery mildew does occur, wipe the affected areas with a damp cloth and apply a fungicide.
Common Pests
Mealybugs are a common pest that can infest Stapelia divaricata. These small, soft-bodied insects appear as white cottony pests that can suck the sap from plant tissues, causing leaves to yellow and wilt. To manage this pest, you should prune and discard affected plant parts and spray the plant with an insecticidal soap or neem oil. You can also use predatory insects, such as ladybugs, to naturally control mealybug populations.
Spider mites are another common pest that can affect Stapelia divaricata. These tiny pests are difficult to see with the naked eye and can quickly reproduce, causing leaves to turn yellow and drop. To manage this pest, you should keep the plant in a humid environment, misting it regularly or placing it on a pebble tray with water. You can also use insecticidal sprays or predatory mites to control spider mite populations.
In conclusion, taking care of your Stapelia divaricata Masson plant involves adequate disease and pest management. By following the tips provided above, you can ensure that your plant stays healthy and thriving for years to come.
