Overview of Spathoglottis Blume
Spathoglottis Blume, or commonly known as the Ground Orchids, is a beautiful and graceful plant with attractive flowers. It belongs to the Orchidaceae family and is native to Southeast Asia, specifically the Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia. It is a terrestrial orchid, which means that it grows on the ground instead of on trees or rocks like most orchids. These plants grow to a height of 30 to 60 cm, and its leaves are long, narrow, and bright green in color.
General Appearance
These plants have thin roots that grow underground. Spathoglottis Blume produces erect stems that bear delicate flowers. The flowers grow up to 10 cm in diameter and bloom in clusters at the tips of the stems. The blossoms are typically white, pink, or purple, and they have a distinctive fragrance. The petals and sepals are oval or oblong-shaped and look almost identical. The plant's central lip is elongated and has a wavy edge, giving it a ruffled appearance.
Common Names
Spathoglottis Blume has several common names, including Ground Orchids, Philippine ground orchid, and Large Purple orchid. It is also known as "Bikalan" in the Philippines, which is one of the plant's vernacular names. In Malaysia, it is commonly known as "Orkid Tanah," which means "ground orchid."
Uses
Spathoglottis Blume is a popular ornamental plant, commonly used in landscaping and gardening as a decorative plant in parks and gardens. As houseplants, they are ideal for people who want to add a touch of elegance and class to their homes. Additionally, in rural areas, people use Spathoglottis Blume in traditional medicine. The plant's juice has been used to treat colds, coughs, and stomach aches. It is also used as a traditional medicine for treating infections and hypertension.
In conclusion, Spathoglottis Blume is a beautiful and versatile orchid species. It adds a touch of elegance to any landscape and has unique medicinal properties. Whether you grow it as houseplants or use it as a natural remedy, Spathoglottis Blume is an excellent addition to your home or garden.Light Requirements
Spathoglottis Blume plant prefers to grow in areas with bright and indirect light. Direct exposure to the sun can damage the leaves and cause the plant to dry up. The ideal location for the plant is near a window that provides sufficient light without direct sunlight. In areas with low light, artificial lighting can be provided for optimal growth.
Temperature Requirements
The plant grows well in warm temperatures, with an average range of 22°C to 27°C. Spathoglottis Blume prefers a humid environment, and the temperature should not drop below 15°C, as it can cause the plant to wilt or die. During the winter season, the plant should be kept in warm areas with sufficient sunlight and moderate humidity.
Soil Requirements
Spathoglottis Blume grows well in well-drained, moist soil that is rich in organic matter. The ideal pH level should be between 5.6 and 7.0. It is essential to ensure that the soil does not become waterlogged, as this can cause root rot and ultimately, the death of the plant. Regular fertilization should be done to promote growth and overall health of the plant.
Cultivation methods
Spathoglottis Blume is an orchid species that thrives well in warm to intermediate climates. It is easy to cultivate and grow and requires minimal effort to produce healthy flowers. This orchid type can be propagated using either seeds or through division.
When a clump of Spathoglottis Blume becomes too large, you can cleanly divide it into smaller clumps, making sure that each clump has at least three healthy pseudobulbs and roots.
Watering needs
Spathoglottis Blume requires watering consistently but without saturating the roots, which can lead to root rot. The watering frequency depends on the conditions of the plant's growing environment, and direct sunlight might require more frequent watering than low-light conditions.
It is a good idea to check the soil's moisture level using your fingers and to water the plant when the top inch of the soil is dry. Water the plant thoroughly, allowing excess water to drain from the pot's bottom.
Fertilization
Like other orchids, Spathoglottis Blume benefits from regular fertilizer application. A balanced, water-soluble fertilizer is suitable for this orchid species. Fertilize the plant every two to four weeks, following the package instructions for the recommended dose and method of application.
During the growing season, you can reduce the frequency of fertilization to once a month. Take care not to fertilize the plant when the soil is dry because the concentrated fertilizer can damage the roots.
Pruning
Pruning is not necessary for Spathoglottis Blume, but it can benefit from the removal of dead or yellowing leaves, which can attract pests and diseases. Use clean, sterilized scissors or shears to cut the affected parts of the plant.
If your orchid's flower stalk becomes brown and withered, cut it back to the base, promoting the growth of new flower stalks in the future. Avoid cutting or damaging healthy pseudobulbs, as they are essential for the plant's survival and growth.
Propagation of Spathoglottis Blume
Spathoglottis Blume is a beautiful orchid plant that can be propagated through different methods. The following are some ways in which the plant can be propagated:
Division
Division is a common method used for propagating Spathoglottis Blume plants. This is best done when the plant outgrows its pot or has become too clumped up. To propagate through division, carefully remove the plant from its pot and gently separate the rhizomes from each other. Try not to damage the roots and ensure each division has some foliage. You can then plant these divisions into new containers filled with well-draining soil or Orchid bark. Keep the soil moist and in a warm place for the plants to grow.
Seed Propagation
Spathoglottis Blume plants can also be propagated through seeds. Collect seeds from an existing plant or purchase from a reliable supplier. The seeds should be planted in a container or seed tray using well-draining soil mix like peat moss, perlite or sand. Moisten the soil and cover the container with a transparent plastic sheet to keep the moisture in. Keep the tray in a warm place, and after few weeks, the seeds will germinate.
Tissue Culture
Tissue culture is another way of propagating Spathoglottis Blume plants. This method is more advanced and requires expertise and specialized equipment. It is often used in the commercial production of orchids. In this method, a small piece of the plant like the stem or leaf is taken from the existing plant and placed on a growth medium with nutrients. After few weeks, the tissues in the Petri dish will multiply, and new plants will be formed.
Propagation of Spathoglottis Blume through division is the easiest method while tissue culture requires more knowledge and specialized equipment. However, with proper care and attention, any of these methods will result in beautiful and healthy orchids.
Disease and Pest Management for Spathoglottis Blume
Spathoglottis Blume, also commonly known as ground orchids, are easy-to-grow plants that are popular among gardeners and orchid enthusiasts. However, like all plants, they are susceptible to various pests and diseases. Here are some common problems and ways to manage them:
Diseases
Bacterial Soft Rot: This is a common disease that affects Spathoglottis Blume. It is caused by bacteria that attack the plant's tissues and cause them to break down. Symptoms include a foul odor, slimy tissue, and collapsed leaves. To manage this disease, remove the affected plants from the garden and destroy them. Avoid planting new plants in the same spot or proximity as the infected plants. Disinfect your gardening tools before using them again.
Fungal Leaf Spots: This disease is caused by fungi that attack the leaves of the plant, resulting in yellow to brown spots. If left untreated, the spots can merge and affect the entire leaf. To manage this disease, remove infected leaves and make sure the plant receives adequate sunlight and ventilation. Avoid watering the leaves of the plant and water it at the base instead. Use fungicides to control the fungal spores.
Pests
Snails and Slugs: These pests are common in gardens and eat the leaves of the Spathoglottis Blume plant, leaving large holes. To manage this pest, manually remove them by hand and place a barrier of diatomaceous earth around the plant. You can also use traps and baits that effectively lure them away.
Spider Mites: These pests are tiny and thrive in dry conditions, causing yellow and brown spots on the plant's leaves. To manage this pest, regularly spray water on the plant to keep the leaves moist. Control the infestation by using insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Above all, it is essential to observe the development of the plant to prevent further pest and disease growth. By following the right management techniques, you can enjoy the beauty of the Spathoglottis Blume plant in your garden for a very long time.
