Introduction
Sorghum x drummondii (Steud.) Millsp. & Chase is a hybrid plant species resulting from the crossing of two sorghum species, Sorghum bicolor and Sorghum propinquum. The plant is commonly known as the Johnson grass x sorghum hybrid.
Origin
Sorghum x drummondii is believed to have originated in North America. The hybridization is thought to have been a natural occurrence that happened when the two sorghum species grew in close proximity to each other.
Appearance
The plant is a perennial grass that can grow up to 10 feet tall. It has large, coarse leaves that are about 2 inches wide. The plant produces panicles of flowers that can range in color from brown to purple. The flowers give way to seed heads that are about the size of a pea and are typically brownish-black in color.
Common uses
The Johnson grass x sorghum hybrid has some commercial uses. Its seeds are used to produce a type of flour that is gluten-free, and the plant is used as animal feed. In some countries, the plant is also used to make a type of alcoholic beverage.
The plant is also cultivated as an ornamental plant due to its attractive appearance. It is used in landscaping and gardening to provide a natural backdrop or border.
Conclusion
Sorghum x drummondii is a hardy and versatile plant that has some commercial uses and is also cultivated for its aesthetic value. Its hybrid origins make it an interesting specimen for plant enthusiasts, and its ability to thrive in various environments makes it a popular choice for landscaping projects.
hereLight Requirements
Sorghum x drummondii requires full sun for optimal growth. It is a light-loving plant that needs a minimum of 6 hours of direct sunlight per day to produce healthy foliage and flowers. If the plant is grown in partial shade, it may still grow, but the plant will become leggy and produce few flowers.
Temperature Requirements
Sorghum x drummondii is generally tolerable to a wide range of temperatures. However, it grows best within a temperature range of 20 to 30°C (68 to 86°F). The plant becomes dormant under temperatures below 15°C (59°F) and is susceptible to frost. Higher temperatures above 32°C (90°F) can also damage the plant, and it may stop growing.
Soil Requirements
Sorghum x drummondii prefers well-draining soil that is rich in organic matter. The plant grows best in loamy, slightly acidic soils with a pH range of 6.0 to 6.8. Compacted soils or soils with poor drainage may cause root rot and other diseases. It is important to provide the plant with consistent moisture, but overwatering should be avoided.
Cultivation Methods
Sorghum x drummondii is commonly known as sweet sorghum and can be cultivated on a wide range of soils, from sandy loams to heavy clay soils. It grows well in areas with moderate rainfall and hot summers, with an optimal temperature range of 25-32°C. The plant requires full sunlight and a well-drained soil for optimal growth. Sowing can be done either by broadcasting the seeds or using seed drills. It is best to sow seeds after the last frost.
Watering Needs
It is essential to water Sorghum x drummondii regularly to keep the soil moist, especially during the early stages of growth. However, too much water can lead to waterlogging, stunted growth, and diseases. A good rule of thumb is to water the plants once or twice a week, depending on the soil type and weather conditions. The plants require more water during the hot summer months, and the irrigation should be reduced gradually as the plants mature.
Fertilization
The soil needs to have sufficient nutrients for Sorghum x drummondii to grow well. Fertilization should be done based on a soil test to determine the soil's nutrient status. The fertilizer application should be done before planting or at the early stages of growth. Nitrogen is the most critical nutrient required by the plant, and it is recommended to use a balanced fertilizer with a higher percentage of nitrogen (N) to promote vegetative growth. Potassium (K) and phosphorus (P) are also essential nutrients required by the plant. Organic fertilizers like compost or manure can also be used to provide essential nutrients.
Pruning
Sorghum x drummondii does not require much pruning. However, removing the side shoots and tassels can help increase the yield of the plant. Removing diseased or damaged leaves and stems can also help prevent the spread of diseases and promote healthy growth. The pruning should be done carefully to avoid damaging the healthy parts of the plant. The best time to prune is during the early growth stages.
Propagation of Sorghum x drummondii (Steud.) Millsp. & Chase
Sorghum x drummondii, also known as shattercane, is a tall annual grass that is commonly propagated through seeds. However, there are also other methods that can be used to propagate this plant.
Seed Propagation
Seeds of Sorghum x drummondii can be easily obtained and are usually sown directly in the field. The best time to sow seeds is in late spring or early summer, when soil temperatures reach 60°F or above. Seeds can be sown at a depth of 1-2 inches and in rows spaced at least 12-18 inches apart. The soil should be kept moist until the seedlings emerge, which usually takes about 7-10 days.
Vegetative Propagation
Vegetative propagation is another method that can be used to propagate Sorghum x drummondii. This is especially useful when there is a need to maintain the genetic characteristics of a specific plant. This can be accomplished through a process known as stem cuttings.
To propagate Sorghum x drummondii through stem cuttings, choose a mature plant and take a 6-8 inch cutting from the tip of a stem. Remove all the leaves except for the topmost one or two pairs. Dip the cutting in a rooting hormone and place it in a pot containing a well-draining potting mix. The cutting should be kept moist and warm until roots have developed, which usually takes 3-4 weeks.
Division
Sorghum x drummondii can also be propagated through division. This method involves dividing the roots and rhizomes of a mature plant into smaller sections. This is done in the early spring before new growth begins. Dig up the entire plant and carefully separate the roots and rhizomes into sections. Each section should have at least one shoot and a good root system. Transplant each division into a new location and water thoroughly.
These are the most common propagation methods used for Sorghum x drummondii. Each method has its advantages and disadvantages, but it is important to choose one that is suitable for your specific needs and growing conditions.
Disease Management
Sorghum x drummondii is susceptible to a number of diseases, including anthracnose, rust, and leaf blight. These diseases can lead to significant yield losses if not properly managed.
One method of disease management is the use of resistant cultivars. Some cultivars of Sorghum x drummondii have been bred to be resistant to certain diseases. Additionally, crop rotation can help reduce the spread of disease by preventing the buildup of pathogens in the soil.
Fungicides can also be used to manage disease. It is important to carefully follow label instructions and to apply fungicides at the appropriate time to achieve maximum efficacy.
Pest Management
Sorghum x drummondii is susceptible to a number of pests, including aphids, stink bugs, and corn earworms. These pests can cause damage to the plant resulting in lower yields.
One method of pest management is the use of natural predators and parasites. For example, ladybugs and lacewings can be used to control aphids, while parasitic wasps can be used to control corn earworms.
Insecticides can also be used to manage pests. It is important to carefully follow label instructions and to apply insecticides at the appropriate time to achieve maximum efficacy. However, it is important to note that the use of insecticides can also harm beneficial insects and impact the surrounding environment. Therefore, it is best to use insecticides only as a last resort.
