Description of Selaginella lepidophylla
Selaginella lepidophylla, also known as the Resurrection Plant, is a non-flowering plant that belongs to the family Selaginellaceae. It is native to arid regions of North and Central America, particularly in regions such as Chihuahuan Desert, Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona, among others. The plant is also commonly referred to as the Rose of Jericho or Dinosaur Plant.
Appearance of Selaginella lepidophylla
Selaginella lepidophylla is a small, grayish-green plant that typically grows up to a height of 3 to 10 cm. The plant has tiny, scale-like leaves that are arranged in a spiral pattern around the stem, which gives it a compact and dense appearance. When the plant is alive, the leaves are curled inward and appear dry and lifeless. However, when the plant is exposed to water or moisture, the leaves uncurl and become green and healthy-looking, hence the name 'Resurrection Plant'.
Uses of Selaginella lepidophylla
Selaginella lepidophylla is mainly used for ornamental purposes. The plant is highly treasured by gardeners, florists, and landscapers for its unique and intriguing ability to 'resurrect' itself after dehydration. It is also an excellent addition to rock gardens, xeriscapes, and succulent gardens due to its ability to thrive in dry conditions.
Aside from its ornamental value, Selaginella lepidophylla is used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments such as asthma, coughs, and bronchitis. The plant is also believed to possess analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties and can be used to relieve pain and inflammation caused by arthritis and rheumatism.
In addition, the dried leaves of the plant are used to prepare a caffeine-free tea that is believed to have potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.
Light Requirements
Selaginella lepidophylla requires moderate to bright light to grow well. Direct sunlight can burn the leaves of the plant. A bright filtered light is ideal for the plant to thrive. The plant can also adapt to low light conditions, but this can result in slow growth and leaf drop.
Temperature Requirements
The plant can grow well across a range of temperatures. Selaginella lepidophylla prefers temperatures between 20-25°C during the day and 15-18°C at night. The plant can tolerate higher temperatures up to 32°C during the day, but the growth rate slows down. The plant can also survive freezing temperatures by entering a dormant state.
Soil Requirements
The soil should be well-draining and rich in organic matter. The ideal pH range for Selaginella lepidophylla is between 5.0 and 7.0. The plant prefers soil that is slightly acidic to neutral. The soil should also be moist but not waterlogged. The plant can tolerate dry conditions and will curl up to conserve moisture when the soil becomes dry.
Cultivation methods for Selaginella lepidophylla
Selaginella lepidophylla is native to the Chihuahuan Desert and is commonly known as the "resurrection plant" because it can survive in extreme drought conditions by curling its leaves and appearing dead until it receives water again. To cultivate this plant, recreate its natural habitat by providing well-draining soil and ample sunlight.
Watering needs for Selaginella lepidophylla
While this plant is adapted to survive without water for long periods, it still requires periodic watering to thrive. Keep the soil moist but not soggy, and avoid watering it too frequently. Wait until the soil is dry 1-2 inches deep before watering, and be sure to water thoroughly so that all roots have access to moisture.
Fertilization for Selaginella lepidophylla
Since Selaginella lepidophylla is adapted to grow in nutrient-deficient soil, it does not require much fertilization. In fact, over-fertilizing can harm the plant. Instead, use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer once every 2-3 months during the growing season. Dilute the fertilizer to half of the recommended strength, and apply it only to damp soil.
Pruning Selaginella lepidophylla
Pruning is not necessary for Selaginella lepidophylla because it is a slow-growing plant that maintains a relatively compact form. However, if you want to encourage bushier growth, you can pinch back the tips of its branches. Use clean pruning shears and make cuts just above a leaf node.
Propagation of Selaginella lepidophylla
Selaginella lepidophylla, commonly known as the resurrection plant, is a desert plant that is known for its unique ability to survive long periods of desiccation and then revive when water is available. The plant's propagation methods are as follows:
Propagation by spores
Selaginella lepidophylla can be propagated by spores. Spores are tiny, dust-like structures that are produced by the plant's reproductive organs. To propagate Selaginella lepidophylla using spores, the spores are collected from the plant's reproductive organs and then sown in a suitable growing medium. The growing medium should be kept moist and warm until the spores germinate and develop into small plants.
Propagation by division
Selaginella lepidophylla can also be propagated by division. This method involves dividing a mature plant into multiple sections, each of which can be grown into a new plant. To propagate Selaginella lepidophylla by division, the plant is carefully dug up and the roots are gently separated. Each section should have a healthy root system and a few fronds. The sections are then replanted in suitable growing medium and kept moist until new growth appears.
Propagation by stem cuttings
Selaginella lepidophylla can also be propagated by stem cuttings. Stem cuttings are sections of the stem that are cut from the parent plant and then rooted to form new plants. To propagate Selaginella lepidophylla by stem cuttings, the stem should be cut just below a node. The cutting is then planted in suitable growing medium and kept moist until new growth appears.
Overall, Selaginella lepidophylla can be propagated by spores, division, and stem cuttings, making it a highly adaptable plant.
Disease Management
Selaginella lepidophylla is a hardy plant, but it can still fall prey to certain diseases. The most common diseases that affect this plant are fungal infections, which cause leaf spots, blights, and root rots. These can be prevented by ensuring proper watering, avoiding overhead watering, and providing good air circulation to the plant. Additionally, infected leaves, shoots, and stems should be immediately removed and destroyed.
If the plant is already infected, then it should be treated with a fungicide. Copper-based fungicides are found to be effective in controlling fungal infections in Selaginella lepidophylla. It is recommended to use a natural fungicide to protect the plant during its dormant period.
Pest Management
Selaginella lepidophylla is also susceptible to infestations by pests such as spider mites, whiteflies, and scales. These pests feed on the sap of the plant, leading to stunted growth and yellowing leaves. One way to prevent infestations is by keeping the plant healthy and stress-free. Providing the plant with enough water, light, and nutrients will make it less susceptible to pest attacks.
If the plant is already infested, then it should be treated with an insecticide. Neem oil is an effective natural insecticide that can control pest infestations in Selaginella lepidophylla. It is recommended to spray the plant early in the morning or late in the afternoon, when the temperature is cool and there is less chance of damaging the plant.
