Overview
Selaginella flabellata (L.) Spring, also known as spikemoss, is a perennial plant that belongs to the family Selaginellaceae. The plant is native to Southeast Asia and is commonly found in China, Japan, and Taiwan. This plant has several uses and is an important ornamental plant due to its striking foliage and low maintenance requirements.
Appearance
Selaginella flabellata is a small plant that typically grows up to 10 inches tall and up to 12 inches wide. It has a dense and spreading growth habit with sprawling stems that form a mat-like appearance. The leaves of this plant are needle-like and fan-shaped, measuring about 0.5 to 1 inch long. The stems are green and have a slightly brownish tinge. The plant has no flowers but produces yellowish-brown spores along the stems.
Common Names
The plant is commonly known as spikemoss, dwarf spikemoss, or flabellate selaginella.
Uses
Selaginella flabellata has several uses. As an ornamental plant, it is popularly used as a ground cover or as an accent plant in rock gardens or containers. Due to its low maintenance requirements, it is an ideal plant for busy gardeners or for areas with limited access to water. Besides its ornamental values, this plant is also used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat fever, inflammation, and coughs. The plant contains a number of compounds that have demonstrated antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a promising source of new drugs.
Light Requirements
The Selaginella flabellata plant prefers partially shaded areas for growth. Direct sunlight can harm the plant's growth, while complete darkness can lead to slower growth as well. The plant benefits from receiving indirect sunlight for several hours throughout the day.
Temperature Requirements
The plant requires a suitable temperature range between 60-75°F (15-23°C) for optimal growth. Temperatures outside this range can hinder growth and damage the plant, especially below 50°F (10°C) and above 85°F (29°C). The ideal temperature for Selaginella flabellata growth is between 68-72°F (20-22°C).
Soil Requirements
The Selaginella flabellata plant requires well-drained soil to encourage growth. The plant prefers soil that is enriched with organic matter and has a slightly acidic pH in the range of 6-6.5. Sandy loam soils are excellent for growing the plant, allowing for air movement to root systems. Furthermore, the plant prefers consistent moisture levels; therefore, maintaining the soil's moisture level is crucial for growth.
Cultivation
Selaginella flabellata, also known as the blue spike-moss plant, is a popular choice for indoor cultivation. The plant requires bright, indirect light,similar to that found in its native tropical habitats. It can also grow well under fluorescent lights for extended periods without any issues.
The plant flourishes in temperatures between 65 and 75 degrees Fahrenheit but can tolerate temperatures as low as 55 degrees Fahrenheit for a brief time.
It is recommended to grow Selaginella flabellata in a mixture of potting soil, peat moss, and sand or other well-draining soil to ensure the roots stay aerated and excess moisture does not accumulate. The plant can also be grown in a terrarium, provided it is not exposed to direct sunlight.
Watering needs
Blue spike-moss plants prefer consistently moist but not saturated soil. Overwatering can kill the plant, so it is recommended to water it when the top inch of soil feels dry to the touch. Avoid using cold water on the plant, as it can shock the system and lead to further stress.
Fertilization
Selaginella flabellata does not require much fertilization, but it can benefit from occasional feedings during the growing season. A balanced, water-soluble fertilizer can be used once a month, and it should be diluted to half its recommended strength. Do not fertilize the plant in the winter.
Pruning
Pruning Selaginella flabellata can help shape the plant and promote better growth. However, it does not require regular pruning. Only prune if you notice dead or diseased foliage, or if the plant becomes leggy. When pruning, use clean and sharp tools to avoid injuring the plant.
Propagation of Selaginella flabellata (L.) Spring
Selaginella flabellata (L.) Spring can be propagated through spores and cuttings. Both methods have their own advantages and disadvantages and can be used according to the grower's preference.
Propagation through spores
Propagation through spores is the most natural method for Selaginella flabellata (L.) Spring. Spores are produced by mature plants and can be collected from the sporangia. Before collecting the spores, make sure the plant is healthy and the sporangia are mature. The spores can be sown on peat moss or sphagnum moss, which are sterile and well-draining. You can sterilize the moss by baking it at 250°F for 30 minutes. After sowing the spores, cover the tray with a plastic bag to create a humid environment. The spores will germinate within two weeks, and the new plants can be transplanted once they have reached a reasonable size.
Propagation through cuttings
Propagation through cuttings is a faster and more efficient method compared to spore propagation. To propagate Selaginella flabellata (L.) Spring through cuttings, select a healthy plant and take 2-3 inch cuttings from the stem. Cut at a node and remove the lower leaves. Dip the cut end of the cutting in rooting hormone to encourage root growth. Plant the cutting in a well-draining mix containing peat moss and perlite. Water the cutting well and place it in a bright, humid location. Covering the cuttings with a plastic bag helps retain the required humidity. After two to three weeks, the cuttings should have formed roots and can be transplanted to a larger pot.
Disease and Pest Management for Selaginella Flabellata (L.) Spring
Selaginella flabellata (L.) Spring, also known as Spreading Clubmoss, is a type of fern that is native to Asia. While it is generally a hardy plant, it is still vulnerable to certain pests and diseases. As a plant enthusiast, you should be aware of these issues to ensure that your Selaginella flabellata plant remains healthy and beautiful.
Common Pests
The most common pests that can affect Selaginella flabellata are spider mites, mealybugs, and scale insects. Spider mites are tiny pests that may appear as small dots on the plant. They can cause yellow or white spots on the leaves, which can eventually lead to leaf loss. Mealybugs, on the other hand, are small insects that can be identified by their cottony appearance. They can cause stunted growth and yellowing of the leaves. Scale insects are small, immobile pests that may appear like small bumps on the plant. They can cause yellowing of the leaves and stunted growth.
Pest Management
The best way to manage pests on your Selaginella flabellata is through early detection and prevention. Regularly inspect your plant for signs of pests, especially on the undersides of the leaves. You can use a magnifying glass to get a closer look. If you notice any pests, isolate the plant to prevent the infestation from spreading to other plants.
You can also use a variety of pest management techniques to control pests on your Selaginella flabellata, including:
- Washing the leaves with a mild soap solution to remove pests
- Using insecticidal soap or neem oil to kill the pests
- Introducing natural predators, such as ladybugs or lacewings
Common Diseases
Selaginella flabellata is susceptible to several diseases, including root rot, leaf spot, and powdery mildew. Root rot is caused by overwatering and can cause the roots to rot and the plant to wilt. Leaf spot is a fungal disease that causes yellow or brown spots on the leaves, which can spread and eventually kill the plant. Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that appears as white powder on the leaves and stems, which can cause the leaves to wither and fall off.
Disease Management
To manage diseases on your Selaginella flabellata, it is essential to maintain good plant hygiene. Ensure that the plant has adequate drainage to prevent root rot, and do not overwater the plant. If you notice any diseased leaves, remove them immediately and dispose of them to prevent the disease from spreading.
You can also use fungicides to manage fungal diseases, but it is crucial to use them as directed and only when required. A variety of fungicides are available on the market, including copper-based and sulfur-based fungicides.
By following these pest and disease management techniques, you can help ensure that your Selaginella flabellata remains healthy and beautiful for years to come.
