Origin and Common Names
Selaginella douglasii, also known as Douglas' spikemoss or western spikemoss, is a species of plant belonging to the Selaginellaceae family. It is native to western North America, including the United States and Canada.
General Appearance
This small evergreen plant grows up to 10 cm tall and spreads up to 50 cm wide. It has a prostrate growth habit, producing small branchlets that are densely packed with small, pointed, glossy green leaves. These leaves typically measure 2-3 mm in length and form rows along the stems in a spiral pattern.
Selaginella douglasii produces sporophylls in late summer, which are modified leaves that bear sporangia or spore capsules. These small capsules contain spores that give rise to new plants, allowing the plant to reproduce asexually.
Uses
Selaginella douglasii is commonly grown as a ground cover plant in rock gardens or shady areas. It is also often grown as a houseplant due to its small size and attractive appearance.
In traditional medicine, the plant has been used as a remedy for various ailments, such as bruises, burns, and respiratory problems. However, there is limited scientific research to support these uses.
Light Requirements
Selaginella douglasii thrives best in shaded areas. Direct exposure to sunlight may cause leaf scorch and browning of the plant. It is best to place the plant under filtered light or in partial shade.
Temperature Requirements
This plant prefers cooler temperatures and can withstand frosty conditions. Its ideal temperature ranges from 50 to 75 degrees Fahrenheit. It is essential to avoid exposing it to temperatures beyond 85 degrees Fahrenheit because it can cause wilting and damage to the plant.
Soil Requirements
Selaginella douglasii requires well-drained soil that is slightly acidic with a pH range of 5.5 to 6.0. The soil should be rich in organic matter, loamy, and kept moist. A mix of peat moss, perlite, and sand is suitable for the plant.
Cultivation Method for Selaginella douglasii (Hook. & Grev.) Spring
Selaginella douglasii (Hook. & Grev.) Spring is a hardy plant that can thrive in various conditions. It is an ideal plant for indoor decoration, landscaping, or as a ground cover. The plant prefers well-drained soil with a pH range of 5.5 - 7.0. Selaginella douglasii (Hook. & Grev.) Spring thrives in bright indirect sunlight, and it is recommended to keep it away from direct sunlight. The temperature range for the plant must be between 18°C - 24°C.
Watering needs for Selaginella douglasii (Hook. & Grev.) Spring
When it comes to watering Selaginella douglasii (Hook. & Grev.) Spring, it requires moist soil consistently. You must keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. Watering it often is necessary, especially during the growing season, from spring to fall. However, during the winter months, the plant's water requirements are lower, and you must reduce the watering frequency.
Fertilization for Selaginella douglasii (Hook. & Grev.) Spring
Adding fertilizers to Selaginella douglasii (Hook. & Grev.) Spring is not necessary. However, if you want to enhance its growth, you can apply a balanced fertilizer during the growing season. The application of fertilizer must be once a month, diluted to half strength. It is recommended to use a liquid or water-soluble fertilizer.
Pruning Selaginella douglasii (Hook. & Grev.) Spring
Selaginella douglasii (Hook. & Grev.) Spring does not require any pruning. However, if it has overgrown or does not look its best, you can trim it with pruners or scissors. The best time to prune it is during the growing season, from spring to fall, as the plant heals faster during this period. Ensure that you do not remove more than ? of the plant's foliage to avoid damaging the plant and hindering its growth.
Propagation of Selaginella douglasii (Hook. & Grev.) Spring
Selaginella douglasii, commonly known as Douglas's spike-moss or spikemoss, is an evergreen plant that belongs to the family Selaginellaceae. It is native to North America and can be found growing in moist environments like forests, swamps, and riverbanks.
Propagation Methods
The following are some of the common methods of propagating Selaginella douglasii:
Division Method
Division is one of the easiest methods of propagating Selaginella douglasii. This involves dividing the plant into smaller sections and replanting them. To do this, carefully remove the plant from its pot or garden, loosen the soil around the roots and gently separate the plant into small clumps. Replant the divided clumps in their desired location, making sure to keep the soil moist.
Cutting Method
Another way to propagate Selaginella douglasii is through cuttings. To do this, take a cutting from the parent plant by snipping off a section of the stem with several leaves. Dip the end of the cutting in rooting hormone and plant it in a well-draining potting mix. Keep the soil moist and in a well-lit area but out of direct sunlight.
Spore Propagation
Propagation through spores is also possible for Selaginella douglasii. Collect the spores from mature plants by placing a paper bag over the plant and shaking it gently. The spores will fall into the bag. Sow the spores in sandy loam and cover them lightly with a plastic bag to maintain moisture. Keep them in a warm, well-lit area and in no time they will germinate.
Propagation of Selaginella douglasii is easy and it is a good idea to propagate periodically to keep the plant healthy and to expand your collection.
Disease and Pest Management for Selaginella douglasii (Hook. & Grev.) Spring
Selaginella douglasii, also known as Douglas's spike-moss, is a beautiful and delicate plant that requires proper care to keep diseases and pests at bay. While this species is generally disease and pest-resistant, some common problems may arise, such as:
Diseases
1. Root Rot: Overwatering can lead to fungal infections, causing the roots to rot and the plant to wither. It is essential to provide well-draining soil and avoid waterlogging the soil.
2. Leaf Spots: Leaf spot diseases are caused by different fungi, and they appear as small brown or black dots on the leaves. To prevent further spread, remove the infected leaves immediately and avoid watering the foliage excessively.
3. Powdery Mildew: A fungal infection that looks like a white coating on the leaves. It thrives in humid conditions and causes the plant to lose vigor. To control it, prune the affected leaves and increase air circulation around the plant.
Pests
1. Spider Mites: These tiny insects are visible under a magnifying glass and affect the foliage by sucking sap from the leaves, causing yellow spots and webbing. Spider mites love hot and dry conditions, so increasing humidity levels and providing adequate watering can help prevent an infestation.
2. Mealybugs: These white and fluffy insects infest the Selaginella douglasii and cause damage by sucking sap from the leaves. They can be easily recognized by their cotton-like appearance and sticky residue on the leaves. To control them, use insecticidal soap or a cotton swab dipped in alcohol to remove them manually.
3. Scale Insects: Scale insects suck sap from the leaves and branches of the plant, causing yellowing and stunted growth. They can look like small brown bumps on the leaves and can spread quickly. To remove them, use a cotton swab dipped in alcohol and prune the heavily infested areas.
In conclusion, maintaining a healthy environment with proper sunlight, humidity, and watering practices can prevent the occurrence of diseases and pests. Regular inspection and early detection of problems can also help keep the Selaginella douglasii healthy and thriving.
