Overview
Selaginella apus Spring, commonly known as the spike-moss, is a type of fern ally that belongs to the family Selaginellaceae. It is a perennial plant that is native to Africa, specifically in Tanzania, Kenya, Uganda, and Ethiopia.
General Appearance
This plant has a creeping habit and reaches a height of 10 cm. The stems are prostrate, branched, and slightly flattened with a dark brown or blackish color. Its leaves are arranged in a spiral pattern, and they are lance-shaped with a sharp tip. These leaves are shiny and range in color from yellow-green to dark green.
Uses
Selaginella apus Spring is often grown as an ornamental plant for its attractive appearance. It is commonly used as a ground cover in shaded areas or as a filler plant in rock gardens. Additionally, it can be used as a terrarium plant due to its small size and easy maintenance requirements.
Aside from its ornamental uses, this plant has traditional medicinal uses among the Maasai people of Kenya. The plant is boiled and used to treat ailments like chest pains, coughs, and stomach aches.
It is also used in scientific research for its potential pharmacological properties, specifically its ability to suppress tumor growth.
Light Requirements
Selaginella apus Spring typically thrives in moderate shade to full shade conditions. It is a great option for indoor gardening or outdoor gardening in areas with filtered sunlight. High levels of direct sunlight can result in scorching of the leaves and stunted growth.
Temperature Requirements
Selaginella apus Spring can grow well in temperature ranges between 60 to 75°F. It is ideal for growing indoors or in areas with a cool and moist climate. It can also tolerate fluctuating temperature conditions, but extreme temperatures can cause wilting and leaf drop.
Soil Requirements
The soil requirements for Selaginella apus Spring are moist, well-draining, and rich in organic matter. It flourishes in soil with a pH between 4.5 to 6.0. A mixture of peat moss, perlite, and vermiculite or a similar soil mix that retains moisture is great for the growth of Selaginella apus Spring. The plant also requires regular fertilization with a balanced fertilizer during the growing season.
Cultivation method of Selaginella apus Spring
Selaginella apus Spring is an ornamental plant that is mainly grown for decorative purposes. It can be grown both indoors and outdoors and is relatively easy to cultivate. The ideal growing conditions for this plant include a humid environment, moderate sunlight, and well-drained soil.
To cultivate Selaginella apus Spring indoors, consider using a pot with drainage holes filled with a well-draining soil mix rich in organic matter. Ensure that the plant receives indirect sunlight, preferably in a north-facing window or under artificial grow lights. Outdoors, the plant does well in partially shaded areas that receive indirect light.
Watering needs of Selaginella apus Spring
Proper watering is crucial to the health and growth of Selaginella apus Spring. Like most ferns, this species is sensitive to drought and overwatering. Avoid letting the soil dry out completely, as this can damage the roots and lead to stunted growth.
Water the plant thoroughly, taking care not to overwater. The frequency of watering will depend on the prevailing environmental conditions, but as a rule of thumb, aim to water the plant at least twice a week.
Fertilization of Selaginella apus Spring
Fertilizing Selaginella apus Spring is essential to ensure healthy growth and vibrant foliage. Use a balanced nitrogen-rich fertilizer, such as 10-10-10 or 20-20-20, every two to three weeks during the growing season. Dilute the fertilizer to half the recommended concentration to avoid damaging the delicate roots of the plant.
Pruning Selaginella apus Spring
Pruning Selaginella apus Spring is not necessary for the health of the plant. However, if you notice any yellow or dead leaves, remove them to promote new growth. Also, trim any overgrown parts to maintain the plant's desired size and shape.
Use clean and sharp pruning shears to prevent injuring the plant, and ensure that the blades are sanitized to avoid introducing any harmful pathogens.
Propagation of Selaginella apus Spring
Selaginella apus Spring, commonly known as the spike-moss or little club-moss, is a species belonging to the Selaginellaceae family. This plant is propagated by spores and cuttings.
Propagation by Spores
Propagation by spores is the most common method for propagating Selaginella apus Spring. Spores are produced in the sporangia located on the underside of the plant's leaves. These sporangia release spores which are then spread by wind or water and eventually settle on soil. Spores can be collected and propagated in a controlled environment.
To propagate Selaginella apus Spring by spores, first, collect mature sporangia by cutting a frond from the plant. Place the frond in a paper bag and keep it in a warm, dry place until the sporangia are dry. Once the sporangia are dry, shake them gently to release the spores into a container filled with potting mix. Water the potting mix and cover the container with a plastic lid or wrap to maintain humidity. After a few weeks, the spores will germinate and tiny plants will start to appear.
Propagation by Cuttings
Propagation by cuttings is an alternate method for propagating Selaginella apus Spring. Cuttings can be taken from mature plants during the growing season and rooted in a soil medium.
To propagate Selaginella apus Spring by cuttings, take a stem cutting from the mature plant, ensuring it has a few leaves. Remove the lower leaves of the cutting and dip the stem in rooting hormone. Place the cutting in a soil medium and water thoroughly. Cover the pot with a plastic wrap to maintain humidity and place it in a warm, brightly lit place. After a few weeks, the cutting will begin to show new growth. Once the new growth has established, transplant the cutting to its permanent location.
Both of these methods can be used to propagate Selaginella apus Spring successfully. Care for the newly propagated plants by providing them with adequate light, water, and humidity. With proper care, they will grow into mature, thriving plants.
Disease and Pest Management for Selaginella apus Spring
Selaginella apus Spring, also known as Spikemoss or Northern Selaginella, is an evergreen perennial plant that belongs to the Selaginellaceae family. This plant is relatively low-maintenance, but it can fall prey to some pests and diseases. Here are some common diseases and pests that might affect Selaginella apus Spring, and ways to manage them:
Common Diseases
1. Root rot: Root rot is a fungal disease that affects the roots of Selaginella apus Spring. It is usually caused by overwatering, poor drainage, or contaminated soil. Symptoms of root rot include yellowing leaves, wilting, and stunted growth. To manage this disease, you should remove the affected parts of the plant and avoid overwatering it. You can also treat it with a fungicide.
2. Leaf spot: Leaf spot is a fungal disease that affects the leaves of Selaginella apus Spring. It is usually caused by overcrowding, poor air circulation, or high humidity. Symptoms of leaf spot include black or brown spots on the leaves. To manage this disease, you should remove the affected leaves and avoid overcrowding the plant. You can also treat it with a fungicide.
Common Pests
1. Spider mites: Spider mites are tiny insects that can infest Selaginella apus Spring. They usually appear in warm, dry weather and can cause yellowing leaves, stippling, and webbing on the plant. To manage spider mites, you should spray the affected plant with water to wash them off. You can also use an insecticidal soap or neem oil.
2. Mealybugs: Mealybugs are small insects that can infest Selaginella apus Spring. They usually appear in warm, humid weather and can cause yellowing leaves and a sticky residue on the plant. To manage mealybugs, you should remove them manually or spray the plant with a mixture of water and dish soap. You can also use an insecticidal soap or neem oil.
By following these management practices, you can keep your Selaginella apus Spring healthy and prevent these common diseases and pests from infesting it. Regularly inspecting the plant and providing it with the right growing conditions can also help to prevent these problems.
