Overview
Schrebera koiloneura Gilg var. kakomensis Lingelsh. is a small to medium-sized evergreen tree native to western and central Africa. It is known for its potential medicinal properties and its ornamental value in landscaping projects.
Common Names
The plant is referred to as "Kako" in Cameroon, where it is traditionally used for medicinal purposes. In Nigeria, it is known as "Ohanwe" or "Igbotutu," among other local names.
Appearance
The Schrebera koiloneura Gilg var. kakomensis Lingelsh. tree can grow up to 12-20 meters in height and is characterized by a dense canopy with a spread of up to 12 meters. The bark of the tree is smooth, greyish brown in color, and has a slightly cracked texture. The leaves are alternate and pinnate, with shiny dark green leaflets that are slightly oblong in shape and can grow up to 15 cm in length.
The plant produces small, fragrant, cream-colored flowers that are arranged in clusters. The fruit is a globose, yellow to orange berry that contains up to four seeds.
Uses
The bark, leaves, and roots of the Schrebera koiloneura Gilg var. kakomensis Lingelsh. tree have been used for centuries as traditional medicine in Africa to treat various ailments, including fever, malaria, and skin infections. In recent years, research has shown that the plant has potential anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.
The tree is also valued for its ornamental beauty and is commonly planted in gardens and parks where it is known for its dense canopy and attractive foliage.
The fruit of the tree is edible and is used to produce jam and other food products.
Overall, Schrebera koiloneura Gilg var. kakomensis Lingelsh. is a versatile plant that has both medicinal and ornamental value and contributes to the biodiversity of African ecosystems.Light Requirements
The Schrebera koiloneura Gilg var. kakomensis Lingelsh. plant requires bright but indirect sunlight to thrive. Therefore, it is recommended to grow it in partially shaded areas where it can receive some sunlight but not too much to scorch the leaves. Avoid placing it in dark corners of the room as it may hinder its growth and development.
Temperature Requirements
This plant thrives in warm temperatures, particularly at 16-27°C (60-80°F) during the daytime and 10-15°C (50-59°F) during the night. It cannot tolerate sudden changes in temperature, and placing it near air conditioning or heating vents can cause stress to the plant. Ensure that the temperature is consistent throughout the day to promote healthy growth.
Soil Requirements
The Schrebera koiloneura Gilg var. kakomensis Lingelsh. plant requires well-draining soil to prevent waterlogging, which can lead to root rot. The ideal soil mixture should be loamy with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.0. Adding organic matter to the soil can help retain moisture while still allowing adequate drainage. To ensure optimal growth, ensure that the soil is fertile and rich in nutrients.
Cultivation Methods for Schrebera koiloneura Gilg var. kakomensis Lingelsh.
When cultivating Schrebera koiloneura Gilg var. kakomensis Lingelsh., it is important to plant it in well-draining soil. The plant thrives in a warm, humid environment with ample sunlight. In addition, the plant requires a pH level between 5.5 to 6.5 and should be planted in an area with good air circulation.
Propagation can be achieved through seeds or cuttings. Once established, the plant grows quickly, and if given the correct care, can produce vibrant flowers and leaves throughout the year.
Watering Needs for Schrebera koiloneura Gilg var. kakomensis Lingelsh.
While the plant requires regular watering, it is important to ensure the soil does not become waterlogged as this can cause root rot. It is recommended to water the plant regularly during the growing season and reduce watering during the colder months. Inadequate watering can cause the plant to become wilted and the leaves to become brown or yellow, while over-watering can cause the leaves to become discolored or brown.
Fertilization of Schrebera koiloneura Gilg var. kakomensis Lingelsh.
When fertilizing the Schrebera koiloneura Gilg var. kakomensis Lingelsh., it is recommended to use a good quality fertilizer that is specifically formulated for flowering plants. The plant requires regular fertilization throughout the growing season to promote healthy growth and vibrant blooms.
It is important to follow the manufacturers' instructions when applying fertilizers to avoid overfertilizing, which can damage the plant. Generally, fertilization once a month is recommended during the growing season, while reducing the frequency of fertilization during the dormant winter period.
Pruning of Schrebera koiloneura Gilg var. kakomensis Lingelsh.
To promote healthy growth and to control the shape and size of the plant, pruning is necessary. The best time for pruning is in the late winter or early spring, just before the plant begins to grow actively.
When pruning, it is recommended to remove any dead, diseased or damaged plant material, as well as any crossing branches. It is also beneficial to remove the tips of the plant to encourage bushier growth and new blooms. Regular pruning also helps to prevent the plant from becoming too leggy and encourages the production of more vibrant flowers.
Propagation of Schrebera koiloneura Gilg var. kakomensis Lingelsh.
Schrebera koiloneura Gilg var. kakomensis Lingelsh. can be propagated by seeds and stem cuttings.
Propagation by seeds:
The seeds of Schrebera koiloneura Gilg var. kakomensis Lingelsh. can be collected from mature fruits. After removing the seed coat, the seeds should be soaked in water for at least 24 hours. The soaked seeds should be sown in well-drained soil mix and kept moist until they germinate. Germination takes place within 1-2 months. Once the seedlings have grown to a height of 5-6 inches, they can be transplanted to individual containers and grown until they are ready for planting in the ground.
Propagation by stem cuttings:
Stem cuttings can be taken from the parent plant during the growing season. The cuttings should be taken from healthy mother plants that have not flowered recently. The cuttings should be approximately 6 inches long with at least 2 nodes and a few leaves. The lower leaves should be removed, and the cuttings should be dipped in rooting hormone powder. The cuttings should be inserted into well-drained soil mix and kept moist. The cuttings should take root within 4-6 weeks and can be transplanted to individual containers. They can be grown until they are ready for planting in the ground.
Disease Management
Schrebera koiloneura Gilg var. kakomensis Lingelsh. is generally resistant to diseases. However, some of the common diseases that can affect the plant include root rot, leaf spot, and powdery mildew. These diseases can be managed through the following ways:
- Ensure proper drainage to avoid waterlogging which provides a conducive environment for fungal growth causing root rot.
- Practice good sanitation by removing and destroying infected plant parts and avoid overcrowding the plants.
- Use appropriate fungicides that target specific diseases such as copper-based fungicides for powdery mildew and leaf spots.
Pest Management
Some of the common pests that can attack Schrebera koiloneura Gilg var. kakomensis Lingelsh include mealybugs, spider mites, and caterpillars. The following ways can be used to manage the pests:
- Regularly inspect and monitor the plants for any signs of pest infestation and take necessary control measures.
- Use insecticides specifically designed for controlling the particular pests. For example, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) pesticide is effective in controlling caterpillars.
- Encourage natural enemies of the pests such as predatory insects or birds to help control pest populations.
