Description:
Schizoglossum spurium, also known as the Spurium Schizoglossum, is a small, herbaceous plant belonging to the family Acanthaceae. It is native to South Africa, specifically the provinces of KwaZulu-Natal and Mpumalanga. The plant can be found growing in moist areas, such as streambanks, swamps, and damp grasslands.
Common Names:
The Schizoglossum spurium is commonly referred to as the Spurium Schizoglossum, Water Soldier, and False Plectranthus.
Uses:
The Schizoglossum spurium has been known to have numerous medicinal properties, and is used in traditional medicine to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and treat skin disorders. It is also a popular choice for ornamental gardens and indoor houseplants.
General Appearance:
The Schizoglossum spurium is a small, perennial plant that grows up to 30 cm in height. It has long and narrow leaves that are arranged oppositely on the stem. The leaves are green and have a slightly glossy texture. The flowers of the plant are tubular, and are typically a pale blue or purple color. The plant produces flowers throughout the year, but mainly in late spring and early summer.
Light requirements
The Schizoglossum spurium plant thrives well in a tropical climate, and it is best to place it in areas with full sunlight exposure. The plant needs at least 6 hours of direct sunlight every day to grow vigorously. If you place the plant in an area with insufficient light, the growth rate will decrease, and the plant may not flower correctly.
Temperature requirements
The Schizoglossum spurium plant requires warm temperatures. The ideal temperature range for growth is between 20°C to 30°C (68°F to 86°F). If the temperature falls below 15°C (59°F) or goes above 35°C (95°F), it may hinder the growth of the plant. The plant is sensitive to frost and cold temperatures, which could cause leaf damage, so it is best to protect it from extreme weather conditions.
Soil requirements
The Schizoglossum spurium grows best in well-draining soils that retain some moisture. The plant prefers an acidic soil pH level of about 5 to 7. The soil should be rich in organic matter and have good drainage. If the soil is not well-draining, it may cause root rot, which could damage the plant’s growth. You can add organic compost to the soil to improve its fertility and structure, which would facilitate the growth of the plant.
Cultivation
Schizoglossum spurium (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. is a plant that can be grown both indoors and outdoors. It is recommended to grow it in well-draining soil with a pH range of 6.0 to 7.5. Though the plant is not frost-tolerant, it can tolerate temperatures as low as 50°F. For indoor cultivation, it is advisable to place the plant near a window to ensure it receives enough light. The plant needs good air circulation, so ensure it is not placed in a humid or damp area.
Watering Needs
Schizoglossum spurium (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. requires regular watering during the growing season. The soil must be kept moist but not soggy. Overwatering can cause root rot in the plant. During winter, watering must be reduced as the plant becomes dormant. It is recommended to water the plant only when the top inch of the soil is dry.
Fertilization
The plant requires regular fertilization during the growing season. A balanced liquid fertilizer can be applied once every two weeks to ensure adequate growth. During winter, it is advisable to reduce the frequency of fertilizing the plant.
Pruning
Schizoglossum spurium (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br. does not require extensive pruning, but it is recommended to remove any withered or damaged leaves from the plant to promote healthy growth. Deadheading the flowers can also help the plant conserve energy and encourage the growth of new flowers. Pruning must be done during the growing season, and it is advisable to avoid pruning during winter when the plant is dormant.
Propagation of Schizoglossum spurium (N.E.Br.) N.E.Br.
Schizoglossum spurium is a delicate and beautiful plant that can be propagated using a few methods.
Propagation by Division
The simplest method of propagating Schizoglossum spurium is through division. This method involves the separation of the parent plant into smaller, manageable sections that can be potted and grown independently. It is best to perform this process during the plant's growing season when it is active and healthy.
To divide the plant, simply dig it up and remove all the soil from around the roots. Then, using a clean sharp knife, cut the plant into smaller clumps. Make sure that each clump has several healthy roots attached and some new growth present. The smaller clumps can now be potted in soil, watered and placed in a bright, warm location.
Propagation by Seed
Schizoglossum spurium can also be propagated using seeds. This method requires a lot of patience and care, but it is a great way to ensure genetic diversity in the new plants. Seeds can be collected from mature pods that develop after the flowers fade away. The pods will turn brown and split open once they are ready.
To propagate using seeds, start by sterilizing a seed tray with a solution of hydrogen peroxide and water. Fill the tray with a well-drained soil mix and sow the seeds on the surface. Then, water the soil and cover the tray with a clear plastic bag to create a humid environment. Place the tray in a warm and bright location but avoid direct sunlight. Germination should occur within weeks. Once the seeds establish a few true leaves, they can be transplanted into individual pots.
Propagation by Cuttings
Another way to propagate Schizoglossum spurium is through stem cuttings. Take cuttings from new branches, making sure they have some leaves attached to them. Immediate planting is essential because cuttings may wilt if left for too long.
To propagate using cutting, firstly prepare a pot with well-drained soil, then dip the base of the cutting into rooting powder before planting it about 1-2 inches deep. Water the soil properly and put the pot in a shaded location. After about two weeks, new roots should have formed, and the plant should be well-established.
Disease Management for Schizoglossum spurium
Schizoglossum spurium is generally a healthy plant and resistant to most fungal and bacterial diseases. However, under certain conditions, the plant can suffer from various diseases.
Anthracnose is a common disease that affects Schizoglossum spurium. It manifests as sunken spots on leaves and stems, leading to defoliation and stunted growth. To prevent this disease, ensure that the plant's environment is well-drained, and avoid overwatering. In case of infection, apply a fungicide immediately, especially during periods of high humidity.
Sooty Mold is a fungus that grows on honeydew excreted by sap-sucking insects like mealybugs and aphids. To manage sooty mold, control the insects that produce the honeydew.
Leaf Spot is another fungal disease that causes circular, brown spots on the leaves. To prevent the disease, manage the humidity around the plant, and avoid overhead watering. Remove any infected leaves to prevent the disease's spread. Applying a fungicide can help control the disease.
Pest Management for Schizoglossum spurium
Although Schizoglossum spurium is generally a healthy plant, it is susceptible to pest infestations. Here are some of the most common pests that affect this plant and ways to manage them:
Spider Mites are tiny, sap-sucking pests that leave yellow or white stippling on leaves. To prevent these pests, manage the plant's humidity, and avoid overcrowding plants. Treat infested plants with insecticidal soap or acaricide, following the instructions on the product carefully.
Mealybugs are small, oval, and white-colored insects that suck sap from the plant's leaves, causing yellowing and stunted growth. To prevent mealybugs, keep the plant clean, prune affected leaves or stems, and introduce natural predators like ladybugs. You can also apply insecticidal soap or neem oil to control the infestation.
Aphids are small, soft-bodied insects that suck sap from the plant's leaves and can cause yellowing and wilting. To prevent aphids, use reflective mulches to deter the pests, and spray the plant with insecticidal soap or neem oil to control the infestation.
Scale Insects are small, immobile insects that attach themselves to the plant and suck sap. They cause yellowing, stunted growth, and eventual death to the plant. To prevent these pests, prune affected plant parts, and introduce natural predators. You can also apply insecticidal soap or neem oil to control the infestation.
