Overview: Schizoglossum pachyglossum Schltr. var. abbreviatum N.E.Br.
Schizoglossum pachyglossum Schltr. var. abbreviatum N.E.Br. is a species of plant from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. This orchid species is native to the African continent specifically in the tropical and mountain regions of Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
Appearance:
The Schizoglossum pachyglossum Schltr. var. abbreviatum N.E.Br. orchid plant is characterized as a terrestrial orchid with its stems that grow up to 60 cm high. The leaves are arranged in a basal rosette, they are broad, tough, and have visible veins running parallel to each other. The inflorescence is about 5 to 12 cm long that emerges from the center of the rosette of leaves, carrying several small flowers blooming in sequence.
Uses:
In Africa, the Schizoglossum pachyglossum Schltr. var. abbreviatum N.E.Br. is utilized for various traditional purposes. The stem is used as a source of fiber for making ropes and to weave bags. The plant's tubers are boiled and consumed regularly as food, which is said to help in treating stomach disorders. The orchid plant's roots and tubers are also utilized in traditional medicine by several local communities. In the horticultural industry, this orchid species is frequently cultivated as an ornamental plant, especially for its unique and beautiful flowers.
Common names:
This orchid species has various common names, depending on the region where it is found. In Zimbabwe, it is commonly known as "Muroro" while in Malawi, it is known as "Chirombo Chosi" which translates to "thick-tongued orchid." In Tanzania, it is called "Kidonge" and in Zambia, it is referred to as "Chisosa."
Growth Conditions for Schizoglossum pachyglossum Schltr. var. abbreviatum N.E.Br.
Light: Schizoglossum pachyglossum Schltr. var. abbreviatum N.E.Br. is an orchid species that requires bright but filtered light for proper growth. It is best to provide it with shaded light conditions, such as under the branches of a tree, to avoid harsh direct sunlight that can burn the leaves.
Temperature: This species can tolerate a wide range of temperatures, but it thrives in a warm and humid environment. The ideal temperature for this plant ranges between 18-25°C during the day and 15-18°C in the night. It is important to maintain consistent temperature conditions, as temperature fluctuations can adversely affect its growth.
Air: This plant requires good air circulation to thrive. Stagnant air can lead to the accumulation of moisture and increase the risk of fungal infections. Adequate air movement can be provided through the use of fans or by placing the plant in a room with cross-ventilation.
Humidity: Schizoglossum pachyglossum Schltr. var. abbreviatum N.E.Br. prefers a higher humidity level of around 70-80%. This can be achieved by placing a humidity tray or by using a humidifier. Misting the leaves with water can also provide temporary relief but should be done in moderation to avoid fungal infections.
Soil: This orchid species prefers a well-draining, fine, and airy nutrient-rich potting mix made up of bark, sphagnum moss, perlite, and charcoal. The pH of the soil should be slightly acidic, ranging from 5.5 to 6.5. It is important to avoid overwatering, as this can cause the roots to rot. Instead, the plant should be watered when the soil is dry to the touch, and excess water should be drained from the pot to prevent waterlogging.
Fertilizer: Schizoglossum pachyglossum Schltr. var. abbreviatum N.E.Br. requires a balanced fertilizer with a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (N-P-K) ratio of 20-20-20. It should be applied weekly during the active growth season, usually between spring and fall. The amount of fertilizer applied should be minimal, and it should be diluted to prevent toxicity.
Propagation: Schizoglossum pachyglossum Schltr. var. abbreviatum N.E.Br. can be propagated through division, which involves separating the plant into smaller sections. These sections should have at least three pseudobulbs each and healthy roots. Each section should be potted separately in a well-draining potting mix and placed in a warm, humid environment to encourage root growth.
Cultivation methods
Schizoglossum pachyglossum Schltr. var. abbreviatum N.E.Br. is a terrestrial plant that thrives in partial shade to full sun, with well-draining soil. The plant is frost-tender and requires protection during the cold season. In areas with severe winters, the plant can be grown in pots and moved inside during the cold months.
Watering needs
The Schizoglossum pachyglossum Schltr. var. abbreviatum N.E.Br. plant prefers moderate watering, with the soil drying out partially before the next watering. Overwatering can lead to root rot, so it's crucial to check the soil moisture level before watering. The plant needs more water during the active growth period and less during dormancy.
Fertilization
Schizoglossum pachyglossum Schltr. var. abbreviatum N.E.Br. benefits from a balanced fertilizer during the active growth period. The fertilizer application should be reduced or stopped during the dormant season. The frequency and amount of fertilizer should be adjusted according to the plant's growth rate and the soil's nutrient content.
Pruning
Schizoglossum pachyglossum Schltr. var. abbreviatum N.E.Br. requires minimal pruning, mainly to remove yellow or damaged leaves or to shape the plant. Pruning can be done throughout the year, as needed. The plant benefits from removing dead flowers regularly, which promotes blooming and prevents seed production, which can weaken the plant's energy.
Propagation of Schizoglossum pachyglossum Schltr. var. abbreviatum N.E.Br.
Propagating Schizoglossum pachyglossum Schltr. var. abbreviatum N.E.Br. can be done through several methods:
Seed propagation
The plant produces small seeds that should be sown in sterile, well-draining soil. Germination can take several weeks or even months, so patience is key. The optimal temperature for seed germination is around 20-25°C. Once the seedlings have developed a few leaves, they can be transplanted into individual pots.
Division propagation
If the plant has grown too large for its pot, it can be divided into smaller sections. Carefully remove the plant from its pot, and gently separate the roots into smaller segments. Each section should have several stems, a root system, and a few leaves. Re-pot the sections in individual pots, and water them well.
Stem cutting propagation
Stem cutting propagation is a bit trickier with Schizoglossum pachyglossum Schltr. var. abbreviatum N.E.Br. Cut a stem that is at least 5-10 cm long, and make sure it has at least two nodes. Remove the lower leaves, leaving only two or three at the top. Dip the cut end in rooting hormone, and plant it in a well-draining soil mix. Cover the pot with a clear plastic bag to maintain humidity and warmth. Once roots have formed, which may take several months, the plant can be potted into individual containers.
Disease and Pest Management for Schizoglossum pachyglossum Schltr. var. abbreviatum N.E.Br.
Schizoglossum pachyglossum Schltr. var. abbreviatum N.E.Br. is a beautiful ornamental plant that is susceptible to diseases and pests. Proper care, including regular monitoring, can help prevent and manage these issues and keep the plant healthy.
Common Diseases
Fungal diseases are the most common problems that affect Schizoglossum pachyglossum Schltr. var. abbreviatum N.E.Br. The following are some of the most common diseases:
- Leaf Spot: This disease causes brown spots to appear on the plant's leaves. Fungicides can be used to control the spread of leaf spot.
- Powdery Mildew: This is a fungal disease that causes a white, powdery substance to form on the leaves of the plant. Pruning to improve ventilation around the plant and fungicides can help control powdery mildew.
- Root Rot: Root rot can easily occur due to overwatering and poor soil drainage. To prevent root rot, ensure the soil is moist but not waterlogged and well-draining.
Common Pests
Several pests can attack Schizoglossum pachyglossum Schltr. var. abbreviatum N.E.Br. The following are some of the most common pests that can damage the plant:
- Aphids: Aphids are tiny insects that feed on the plant's sap, causing wilting and yellowing leaves. Insecticidal soaps and neem oil can be used to control aphids.
- Spider Mites: Spider mites are arachnids that attack the plant's leaves, causing a yellow, speckled appearance. Regular spraying of the leaves with water can help prevent spider mites.
- Mealybugs: Mealybugs are insects that feed on the plant's sap, causing wilting and blackening leaves. Applying rubbing alcohol or insecticidal soap can help control mealybugs.
It is important to remember that prevention is the best defense against diseases and pests. Monitor Schizoglossum pachyglossum Schltr. var. abbreviatum N.E.Br. regularly and provide it with the appropriate care to keep it healthy and thriving.
