Origin
Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash ssp. littorale (Nash) Gandhi & Smeins is a plant species belonging to the family Poaceae. It is native to North America and is commonly found in the central and eastern regions of the United States.
Common Names
Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash ssp. littorale (Nash) Gandhi & Smeins has several common names which vary depending on the region. Some of the common names include Little bluestem, Sagegrass, Beard grass, and Bluejoint.
Uses
The plant has several uses. It is often used for ornamental purposes due to its attractive blue-green foliage and reddish-brown stems which turns a reddish-purple shade in the fall. It can also be used as forage for livestock and wildlife, and can also be used in the restoration of prairie habitats. Additionally, Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash ssp. littorale (Nash) Gandhi & Smeins can be used in erosion control due to its fibrous root system which helps to hold soil in place.
General Appearance
Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash ssp. littorale (Nash) Gandhi & Smeins typically grows to a height of 3-4 feet and a width of 1-2 feet. The plant has a clumping growth habit and produces flat, narrow leaves that are blue-green in color. The stems of the plant are reddish-brown or purplish in color and are stiff and erect. The plant produces spikes of tiny flowers which are followed by seed heads that are fluffy, white, and feathery in appearance.
hereLight Requirements
The Schizachyrium scoparium ssp. littorale typically grows in full sun or partial shade. It is a hardy species that can tolerate some shade, but growth is most favorable in full sun.
Temperature Requirements
The plant is known for its adaptability to a wide range of temperatures. It can grow in a range of regions with average temperatures ranging from 10-35°C (50-95°F). During the cold months, the plant goes dormant and regenerates in the warmer months once temperatures get above 10°C (50°F).
Soil Requirements
The Schizachyrium scoparium ssp. littorale grows well in well-drained loamy soils with a pH range of 6.0-8.0. It can also grow in sandy or rocky soils as long as they are well-drained. The species can also tolerate soils that are slightly acidic or slightly alkaline. However, it is not suitable for poorly drained soils or soils with high salt content.
Cultivation Methods
Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash ssp. littorale (Nash) Gandhi & Smeins, commonly known as the little bluestem grass, is a drought-resistant perennial that is native to North America. The plant can grow up to 3 feet tall and 2 feet wide, making it an excellent choice for ornamental landscaping. To cultivate this plant, it is advisable to choose a well-drained soil that is rich in organic matter. Little bluestem grass thrives in full sunlight and can tolerate acidic soils. The plant should be spaced approximately 2-3 feet apart to allow enough space for the roots to develop adequately.
Watering Needs
Little bluestem grass is drought-resistant, making it an attractive option for homeowners who want to conserve water. However, young plants will require regular watering during the establishment phase. After that, the plant can be watered once every two weeks or as required, depending on the soil's moisture level. Be careful not to overwater as that can lead to root rot and other plant diseases. Instead, let the soil dry out between watering sessions.
Fertilization
Little bluestem grass is a low-maintenance plant and doesn't require much fertilization. However, like most plants, it benefits from a feeding of balanced fertilizer during the growing season. To fertilize, use a slow-release fertilizer that provides adequate nutrients without risking over-fertilization. Do not apply fertilizer during the winter months when the plant is dormant.
Pruning
Pruning little bluestem grass is not necessary, unless for aesthetic purposes. In the early spring, remove any dead or damaged stems to promote the growth of new vegetation. For a neater appearance, the plant can be cut back to 6 inches above the ground during the late winter or early spring. However, it is advisable to leave some foliage to protect the plant from frost damage. Avoid cutting the plant too short as that can affect its growth and development.
Propagation of Schizachyrium scoparium ssp. littorale
Schizachyrium scoparium ssp. littorale is an attractive ornamental grass that can easily be propagated through several methods.
Division
The easiest method of propagation for Schizachyrium scoparium ssp. littorale is division. This grass can be divided at any time during the growing season, from spring to fall. Dig up the clump and shake off excess soil. Using a sharp, sterilized knife, divide the clump into several smaller pieces, each with its own roots and shoots. Replant the divisions in well-draining soil, and water them thoroughly.
Seed Propagation
Another method of propagating Schizachyrium scoparium ssp. littorale is through seed propagation. Collect seeds from the plant when they are ripe, which is usually in the fall. Sow the seeds shallowly on the top of well-draining soil, and keep the soil moist. It usually takes around 14 to 30 days for the seeds to germinate. Once the seedlings have developed true leaves and are large enough to handle, transplant them into individual pots or directly into a prepared garden bed.
Stem Cuttings
Although not as easy as the other two methods, Schizachyrium scoparium ssp. littorale can also be propagated through stem cuttings. Take stem cuttings from the plant during the summer, when the stems are green and pliable. Cut several stem sections with at least two nodes (places where the leaves grow from) each. Remove the leaves from the lower half of the cutting, and dip the stem ends in rooting hormone. Then, insert the cuttings into a pot filled with well-draining soil. Keep the soil moist and provide partial shade until the cuttings have rooted, which usually takes around 4 to 6 weeks. Once the cuttings have rooted, transplant them into individual pots or a prepared garden bed.
Disease and Pest Management for Schizachyrium scoparium ssp. littorale
Schizachyrium scoparium ssp. littorale, commonly known as the little bluestem, is a warm-season perennial grass with unique ornamental qualities. While it is considered a low-maintenance plant, it is not immune to pests and disease. Here are some common pests and diseases that could affect the plant and ways to manage them:
Diseases
Fungal Leaf Spots: Leaf spot diseases caused by various fungal pathogens can present as brown or black spots on the leaves of the little bluestem. These spots can lead to defoliation if left untreated. To manage fungal leaf spots, you can remove infected leaves and make sure to keep the surrounding area free of debris. Applying a fungicide may be necessary in severe cases.
Rust: The little bluestem is also susceptible to rust, which is a fungal disease presenting as orange or brown spots on the plant's leaves and stems. To manage rust, you can remove the infected leaves and stems and discard them appropriately. You may also want to apply a fungicide to prevent the spread of the disease.
Root Rot: Overwatering or poorly drained soils can contribute to root rot, which is a disease caused by several fungi. To prevent root rot, make sure the soil around the plant has proper drainage. If you notice symptoms of root rot, which include yellowing and wilting of leaves, you can apply a fungicide, but it is critical to ensure the soil is well-draining for proper management.
Pests
Wireworms: Wireworms are the larvae of click beetles, and they can cause severe damage to the roots of the plant. The damage leads to slowed growth, stunted development, and even death of the little bluestem. To manage wireworms, you can apply a pesticide specifically designed to combat the pest.
Japanese Beetles: Adult beetles typically feed on the foliage of the little bluestem, leaving the plant skeletonized, with lace-like damage to the leaves. The beetles can be managed by handpicking or using a pesticide specifically designed for this pest.
Gophers: Gophers are burrowing rodents that can damage the roots of the little bluestem, leading to slowed growth and poor health. To manage gophers, you can use traps or repellents to prevent them from nesting in the area. You can also plant the little bluestem in raised beds or containers to prevent burrowing damage.
By being aware of these common pests and diseases that could affect Schizachyrium scoparium ssp. littorale, you can take proactive measures to prevent or manage potential issues. A combination of good cultural practices and targeted pest or disease management will help ensure the plant thrives.
