Overview
Schiedeela parasitica, also known as the parasitic dodder, is a plant that belongs to the family Convolvulaceae. It is native to Mexico, Central America, and South America and has invaded other parts of the world, including the United States and Australia. The plant has several common names, including amor seco, devil's hair, and dodder.
Description
The Schiedeela parasitica plant is a parasitic and annual vine that attaches to the host plant by producing suckers that tap into the host plant's vascular system with haustoria. It has thin, thread-like, yellow, or orange stems measuring about 1 mm wide that can grow up to 60 cm long. The stems of the plant are smooth, and it lacks leaves. Its flowers are pale pink and grow in clusters at the end of the vine. Schiedeela parasitica has small, brownish-yellow, globe-shaped fruit that measure about 1 mm in diameter.
Uses
Schiedeela parasitica has been used in traditional medicine to treat various health conditions, including stomach aches, diarrhea, and headaches. It is believed that the plant's antioxidant properties can help in treating these diseases. Additionally, Schiedeela parasitica has been used as an ornamental plant, particularly in hanging baskets and green walls.
Appearance
At first glance, Schiedeela parasitica looks like golden threads that are slowly taking over the host plant. The pale pink flowers add a touch of color to the vine, making it look ethereal. The plant's fruit is tiny and can be easy to miss, giving an impression that the plant is nothing more than an intricate piece of plant artwork.
Growth Conditions for Schiedeela parasitica
Schiedeela parasitica is a rare epiphytic orchid that is native to Central America. This plant can be found growing in the tropical and subtropical regions of Mexico, Costa Rica, and Panama. The following section will describe the specific growth conditions required for Schiedeela parasitica to thrive.
Light Requirements
As a plant that grows in its natural habitat in the canopy of trees, Schiedeela parasitica requires bright but indirect light. This plant should be grown in an area that receives approximately 50% to 70% shade. Too much direct sunlight can cause the leaves to yellow and burn.
Temperature Requirements
Schiedeela parasitica thrives in temperatures between 18°C and 24°C. This orchid should be protected from freezing temperatures; therefore, the ideal range of temperature is between 18°C and 32°C. It is important to maintain the temperature within this range to ensure optimal growth and flowering of the plant.
Soil and Water Requirements
As an epiphyte, Schiedeela parasitica grows primarily on the surface of other plants, using them for support. Therefore, it does not require soil to grow. However, it can be grown on a bark-based medium or a mix of sphagnum moss and perlite. Good drainage is essential for this plant; therefore, it is important to ensure that the medium does not become waterlogged.
Schiedeela parasitica should be watered regularly, but it is important to avoid overwatering. The plant must be allowed to dry out slightly between waterings. Typically, this orchid should be watered once or twice a week, depending on the growing environment. In regions with high humidity, watering may need to be reduced to prevent the development of fungal diseases.
With proper care and attention to its growth conditions, Schiedeela parasitica can thrive and produce beautiful flowers. Following the guidelines outlined here can ensure that the plant receives the necessary light, temperature, and moisture needed to grow and flourish.
Cultivation Methods
Schiedeela parasitica is a species of parasitic plant that grows naturally in Central America and northern South America. Since it is a parasitic plant, it requires a host plant to grow. Therefore, it is best grown in a greenhouse under controlled conditions.
A suitable host plant for Schiedeela parasitica is needed for its cultivation, preferably a plant that is easy to grow, such as orchids or bromeliads. The host plant should have enough light, warmth, and humidity to support growth in the parasitic plant.
Watering Needs
Watering Schiedeela parasitica is unique because it does not have roots. It absorbs moisture and nutrients from the host plant, so watering should be done carefully.
It is best to water the host plant deeply and then allow it to dry out slightly before watering again. Avoid getting the leaves and stem of Schiedeela parasitica wet to prevent rotting.
Fertilization
Schiedeela parasitica does not need much fertilization since it gets nutrients from the host plant. However, you may need to fertilize the host plant occasionally to ensure that it has enough nutrients to support growth in the parasitic plant.
A balanced, water-soluble fertilizer can be used on the host plant, but it should not be overused as it can damage both the host and parasitic plant.
Pruning
Pruning Schiedeela parasitica is not essential, but it can be done to maintain size and shape. To prune, use a clean, sharp pair of scissors or pruning shears to cut back any unwanted growth.
Be careful not to damage the host plant or the stem of Schiedeela parasitica while pruning. Removing too much of the parasitic plant can also harm the host plant and affect the growth of Schiedeela parasitica.
Propagation of Schiedeela parasitica plant
Schiedeela parasitica (A. Rich. & Gal.) Schlechter is a unique parasitic plant that does not do photosynthesis but rather depends on its host plant for all its nutritional needs. Consequently, the best way to propagate it is through stem cuttings, air layering, and seed germination.
Propagation by Stem Cuttings
Propagation by stem cuttings is suitable for Schiedeela parasitica plants with healthy stems that can be cut into smaller pieces. First, you need to ensure that the cutting instrument is clean to avoid transmitting plant diseases. The cutting should then be done at an angle with a sharp knife and should be about four to six inches long. Any leaves on the stem should be removed, and the stem should be planted into a medium rich in nutrients. The cutting should be watered regularly until it forms roots.
Propagation by Air Layering
Air layering is an effective propagation method that is particularly beneficial in propagating Schiedeela parasitica plants with minimal stems. To propagate, a part of the stem is split, and a rooting hormone is applied to the area. Then, the area is wrapped with sphagnum moss, which is covered with plastic to maintain the humidity. After roots have developed, the new plant can be separated from the parent.
Propagation by Seed Germination
Propagation by seed germination is often considered tedious and time-consuming, but it can be a useful method for Schiedeela parasitica plants. The seeds should be planted with a standard potting mixture that should be kept moist until germination. Germination can take from weeks to months to happen, but seedlings can be repotted when they have two to three pairs of true leaves.
Disease Management
Schiedeela parasitica can be affected by several diseases, including leaf spots, stem and root rot, powdery mildew, and blight. The best approach to managing these diseases is prevention. This can be done by providing the plant with optimal growing conditions, such as proper drainage, adequate sunlight, and good air circulation. Additionally, pruning infected plant parts and maintaining proper hygiene by sterilizing tools and equipment used on the plant can help prevent the spread of disease.
If the plant does get affected by disease, fungicides can be used as a last resort. However, it is important to carefully follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer and avoid excessive use, as this can lead to resistance.
Pest Management
Common pests that can affect Schiedeela parasitica include spider mites, aphids, and mealybugs. One of the best ways to manage these pests is through regular inspection of the plant. This will help in identifying the problem early, when it is easier to manage.
If these pests are detected, several methods can be used to control them. For instance, washing the plant with a strong stream of water can help get rid of spider mites and aphids. Alternatively, introducing natural enemies such as ladybugs and lacewings can help control pests in an organic way. Chemical pesticides should be used sparingly, and only when absolutely necessary.
It is essential to follow safety instructions when using pesticides and to avoid using them when the plant is in bloom, as this can harm pollinators such as bees and butterflies.
