Origin
Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz is a species of aquatic plant belonging to the family Lythraceae. It is endemic to Brazil, specifically in the states of Pernambuco, Alagoas, and Paraíba.
Common Names
Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz is commonly known as "mororó" and "tapete-de-jesus" in Brazil.
Uses
Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz is often used as an ornamental plant in aquariums due to its attractive appearance. It is also used in traditional medicine by indigenous communities, as it is believed to have anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties.
General Appearance
Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz is a small aquatic plant that typically grows to a height of 5-10 cm. It has thin stems and leaves, and the leaves are arranged in whorls of 3-6. The plant has small, delicate white flowers that bloom from May to July. In aquariums, Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz has a vibrant green color and can add a pop of color to underwater landscapes.
Light Requirements
Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz prefers moderate to high light conditions for optimal growth. The plant can thrive in both natural and artificial light sources. When grown in natural light, it should be positioned in a bright location where it can receive at least 6 hours of direct sunlight each day. For artificial light sources, high-intensity lamps should be used to provide adequate illumination.
Temperature Requirements
The ideal temperature range for Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz growth is between 20°C and 28°C. The plant can tolerate slightly cooler temperatures but may require a longer time to reach maturity. Temperatures higher than 28°C can be harmful to the plant, leading to stunted growth and death if prolonged.
Soil Requirements
Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz can grow in a wide range of soils but prefers nutrient-rich soils. The soil should be well-draining, with a pH level between 6.5 and 7.5. The addition of organic matter such as compost or manure can improve soil fertility, promoting the growth of healthy plants. The plant requires a sufficient amount of nutrients like nitrogen, potassium, and phosphate, which can be provided by regular fertilization.
Cultivation Method for Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz
Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz is an aquatic plant that is commonly cultivated in aquariums. It is important to provide suitable conditions for their growth. Start by setting up an aquarium with adequate lighting, a suitable substrate, and a good filter system.
The plant thrives well in bright light, with a temperature range of 22-28 degrees Celsius. Besides, it requires a pH level between 6.0 to 7.5 and a water hardness level between 2-15 dGH. It is a sensitive plant that could be affected by pollutants, so ensure the water is of high quality.
Water Needs for Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz
The water needs of Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz depend on various factors, including lighting, temperature, and the plant's growth rate. The plant should thrive well in clean, fresh water that is rich in nutrients.
However, avoid overwatering as it could lead to root rot or shallow root formation. The ideal way is to allow the top layer of the substrate to dry out before the next watering.
Fertilization for Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz
Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz requires adequate nutrients to grow healthy and strong. Aquatic plant fertilizers that contain macro and micronutrients in the appropriate ratios are ideal.
Carefully follow the manufacturer's instructions to avoid overfertilization, which could lead to the buildup of harmful chemicals. It is advisable to use fertilizers that contain nitrate, phosphate, and iron to supplement the plant's nutrient requirements.
Pruning Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz
Pruning is an essential aspect of maintaining the growth and beauty of Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz. Start by trimming any dead or decaying leaves and stems to prevent the spread of diseases or pests.
Trim the plant's stem at the nodal point to encourage lateral growth and prevent the plant from growing too tall. Be gentle when pruning to avoid damaging the healthy parts of the plant.
Regular pruning is essential to maintain the desired shape and size of the plant. It is advisable to prune the plant regularly to prevent it from overgrowing or shading other plants in the aquarium.
Propagation of Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz
Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz can be propagated both sexually (through seeds) and vegetatively (through stem cuttings). However, the most common and easiest method of propagation is through stem cuttings.
Propagation Through Stem Cuttings
To propagate Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz through stem cuttings, follow these steps:
- Choose a healthy stem with several leaves and cut it into several small sections, each with at least one node.
- Remove the leaves from the lower part of each cutting, leaving only two or three leaves at the top.
- Plant the cuttings in a suitable substrate, such as a mixture of aquarium soil and sand, or in a hydroponic system.
- Keep the substrate moist and place the cuttings in an area with bright, indirect light. Avoid placing the cuttings in direct sunlight, which can damage the leaves.
- Within a few weeks, new roots should appear on the cuttings and new growth should emerge from the nodes. When the new growth is about 5 cm long, the cuttings can be trimmed and replanted in a larger pot or aquarium.
Propagation through stem cuttings is a simple and efficient method of propagating Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz. It allows for the rapid reproduction of the plant and the creation of new plants that are genetically identical to the parent plant.
Disease and Pest Management for Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz
Rotala lucalensis A.Fern. & Diniz is a beautiful aquatic plant with delicate leaves that require proper care to thrive. Like any other plant, they are prone to various diseases and pest attacks. Here are some common diseases and pests that can affect Rotala lucalensis and ways to manage them.
Diseases:
1. Bacterial infections: Rotala lucalensis is vulnerable to bacterial infections, which can cause leaves to turn brown, wilt, and eventually die. One way to manage bacterial infections is to remove all infected parts of the plant. It is also crucial to ensure that the water quality is maintained and that the plant is not overcrowded. Additionally, you can use copper-based fungicides to manage bacterial infections.
2. Fungal infections: Fungal infections can cause Rotala lucalensis leaves to become yellowish or brown, and they can fall off the plant. Good plant hygiene is crucial in preventing fungal infections. Do not allow decaying plant material to accumulate in the tank, and ensure that the plant has good water movement. You can use copper-based fungicides to manage fungal infections.
Pests:
1. Algae: Algae can grow on the leaves of Rotala lucalensis and make them look unsightly. Regular water changes, good water movement, and maintaining proper lighting can help prevent algae growth. Additionally, you can use algicides to manage algae infestation.
2. Snails: Snails can damage Rotala lucalensis leaves by feeding on them. You can manage snail infestation by using snail traps or introducing fish that prey on snails into the tank.
3. Fish: Some fish species can nibble on Rotala lucalensis leaves, causing damage to the plant. Avoid keeping such species in the same tank as Rotala lucalensis. Alternatively, you can protect the plant with a mesh or use chemical deterrents to prevent fish from feeding on the plant.
By following the above disease and pest management practices, you can successfully grow and maintain a beautiful Rotala lucalensis plant.
