Overview
Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. pilosissima Engelm. is a plant species native to North America. It belongs to the Anacardiaceae family and is popularly known by several common names, including skunkbush sumac, sourberry, and three-leaf sumac.
General Appearance
This plant typically reaches three to six feet in height and width and typically grows in clumps. The appearance is easily recognizable because of its three-lobed leaves. The leaves are hairy, and the stems and leaves contain resinous glands that emit a skunky odor when rubbed.
The leaves of Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. pilosissima Engelm. turn spectacular shades of yellow, orange, and red in the fall, making it a very ornamental plant. The fruit is a small red drupe that ripens in late summer and early fall and is very tart and astringent.
Uses
Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. pilosissima Engelm. has long been used by Native American tribes for various medicinal and culinary purposes. The plant contains tannins and can be used to treat diarrhea and sore throats.
The fruit of the plant is highly nutritious and can be used to make jelly, jam, or tea. The leaves can be used to make a tea that is rich in vitamin C.
The plant is also very popular as an ornamental plant in parks and gardens due to its vibrant fall foliage.
Light
Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. pilosissima Engelm. typically thrives in full sun to partial shade. When grown in full sun, it may require more water to prevent wilting or scorching. However, in partial shade, it may not grow as vigorously or produce as many flowers or fruits.
Temperature
Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. pilosissima Engelm. is native to dry, rocky slopes and canyons in the western United States, particularly in arid to semi-arid regions with hot summers and cold winters. As such, it can tolerate a wide range of temperatures, from as low as -20°F (-29°C) to as high as 100°F (38°C). However, it may benefit from protection or supplemental watering during extreme weather, such as heatwaves or prolonged droughts.
Soil Requirements
Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. pilosissima Engelm. prefers well-drained soils with a pH range of 5.0 to 7.5. It can grow in a variety of soil textures, from sandy to loamy to clayey, as long as the soil is not compacted or waterlogged. It may benefit from amendments such as organic matter, especially if grown in heavy or poor soils. Additionally, it is adapted to low-fertility soils and may not require fertilization unless grown under highly managed conditions.
Cultivation of Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. pilosissima Engelm.
Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. pilosissima Engelm., commonly known as "squawbush", is a shrub that is native to western North America. It is drought-tolerant and can grow in a wide range of soils, including clay, sand, and loam. The plant can be propagated through seeds or cuttings. If starting from seeds, it is recommended to remove the flesh of the fruit before planting.
Watering needs of Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. pilosissima Engelm.
Squawbush is a drought-tolerant plant, meaning it can tolerate dry conditions. However, during the first year after planting, the plant needs to be watered regularly until it establishes its root system. After that, it can survive with little to no watering. It is important to avoid overwatering as it can lead to root rot and other fungal diseases.
Fertilization of Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. pilosissima Engelm.
Squawbush does not require regular fertilization, as it can obtain nutrients from the soil. However, if the plant is not growing well, it might benefit from a slow-release fertilizer applied in the early spring. It is recommended to follow the instructions on the fertilizer package and avoid applying too much fertilizer, as it can lead to a weak plant.
Pruning of Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. pilosissima Engelm.
Squawbush does not require regular pruning, but it can benefit from occasional shaping and pruning to maintain its shape and promote healthy growth. The best time to prune squawbush is in the late winter or early spring before new growth appears. It is recommended to remove the oldest branches and cut back any broken or diseased branches. It is important to use clean and sharp pruning tools to avoid damaging the plant.
Propagation Methods of Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. pilosissima Engelm.
Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. pilosissima Engelm., commonly known as hairy threeleaf sumac, is a deciduous shrub native to North America. This plant can be propagated through different methods depending on the grower's preference.
Seed Propagation
The easiest way to propagate Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. pilosissima Engelm. is through seed propagation. The seeds need to be stratified for two to three months before planting. After stratification, the seeds can be planted in a well-draining medium and kept moist until germination, which can take up to several months. Once the seedlings have formed their first true leaves, they can be transplanted into their final growing location.
Cuttings
Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. pilosissima Engelm. can also be propagated through softwood or hardwood cuttings. Softwood cuttings are taken in late spring to early summer, while hardwood cuttings are taken in late fall to winter. The cuttings should be 6-8 inches long and should have several nodes. Once the cuttings are taken, they should be dipped in rooting hormone and planted in a well-draining rooting medium. The cuttings should be kept moist and out of direct sunlight until they have rooted.
Division
Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. pilosissima Engelm. can also be propagated through division. This method is best done in the fall, after the plant has gone dormant. The plant should be carefully dug up, and the root system should be divided into several sections. Each section should have several stems and a good root system. The divided sections can then be planted in their final growing location.
By using any of the above methods, growers can propagate Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. pilosissima Engelm. and increase their stock of this beneficial plant.
Disease and Pest Management for Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. pilosissima Engelm.
Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. pilosissima Engelm., commonly known as Three-leaf Sumac or Skunkbush, is a tough and hardy shrub that can grow in harsh and arid environments. However, like any other plant, it is not immune to diseases and pests. Here are some common diseases and pests that might affect the plant and ways to manage them:
Diseases
Anthrax - This disease is caused by a bacterium that attacks the stems and leaves of the plant. Symptoms include black lesions on the affected areas, wilting, and death of the plant. To manage anthrax, remove the affected parts of the plant and burn them to prevent the spread of the disease. Avoid overcrowding the plants, which can increase the risk of infection.
Powdery Mildew - This disease is caused by a fungus that forms a white powdery coating on the leaves and stems of the plant. If left untreated, it can lead to defoliation and weaken the plant. To manage powdery mildew, prune the affected areas of the plant, improve air circulation and reduce humidity. Fungicides may also be used to control the disease.
Pests
Spider Mites - These tiny pests feed on the plant's sap, causing yellowing, wilting, and stunted growth. They also spin webs on the leaves and stems. To manage spider mites, spray the plant with a strong jet of water to knock them off or use insecticidal soap to control their population. Keep the plant healthy and well-watered to prevent infestations.
Caterpillars - Caterpillars are the larvae of moths and butterflies that feed on the leaves of the plant. They can cause defoliation and reduce the plant's ability to photosynthesize. To manage caterpillars, handpick them from the plant or spray them with Bacillus thuringiensis, a natural insecticide that is safe for the environment.
Rhus trilobata Nutt. var. pilosissima Engelm. is a valuable plant that is not only ornamental but also provides habitat and food for wildlife. Managing diseases and pests for this plant is crucial in maintaining its health and beauty.
