Overview
Rhus collina Engl. is a plant species that belongs to the family Anacardiaceae. It is a shrub that produces fruits which are edible and have medicinal value. The plant is found in different parts of Africa, particularly South Africa.Common Names
Rhus collina Engl. is commonly known as the Mountain Karee in South Africa. It is also called "Lacquer Tree" or "Poison Ivy" in English.Appearance
The shrub can grow up to 3 meters tall with a spread of up to 2 meters. It has a smooth, grey bark that peels easily. The leaves are pinnately compound, and the fruits grow in clusters. The flowers are small, greenish-yellow, and have a strong scent.Uses
Rhus collina Engl. has been used for various medicinal purposes. The fruit and bark extract is used to treat a wide range of ailments, including fever, diarrhea, and stomach ulcers. The leaves and bark of this plant have anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, making it useful in treating pain and inflammation. The fruit is edible and is used to make a refreshing drink, jelly, and a fermented beverage. This plant is also used for landscaping, erosion control, and as a source of wood. The wood of Rhus collina is used to make furniture, tools, and other household items.Growth Conditions for Rhus collina Engl.
Rhus collina Engl. is a species native to Africa, commonly referred to as the "mountain sumach" or "kraalplante". This plant species has specific requirements for optimal growth and development. Below are the growth conditions necessary for the successful cultivation of Rhus collina:
Light Requirements
Rhus collina prefers to grow in bright sunlight and requires a minimum of 6 hours of direct sunlight exposure every day. Insufficient light exposure may result in leggy and weak growth leading to low yield or death in severe cases.
Temperature Requirements
The ideal temperature to grow Rhus collina is between 20 and 30 degrees Celsius. This plant species is sensitive to frost, and temperatures below 5°C can result in severe damage or death. Rhus collina can be grown in warm and humid conditions such as the tropical and subtropical regions but also can tolerate arid and hot climatic conditions.
Soil Requirements
Rhus collina grows best in well-drained soils with a pH of 5.5–7.5. Sandy loam soil enriched with organic matter is the most suitable for this plant species. Soil with high clay content or waterlogged areas is not favorable for the growth of Rhus collina. These plants are known to be moderately tolerant to drought and can survive long coffee dry spells if the soil conditions are maintained optimally.
In conclusion, Rhus collina requires bright sunlight, ideal temperatures between 20 and 30 degrees Celsius, and a well-drained sandy loam soil enriched with organic matter for optimal growth.
Cultivation methods
Rhus collina Engl., also known as the mountain sumac, is a shrub that belongs to the Anacardiaceae family. It is native to South Africa and is adapted to a range of environmental conditions. Rhus collina can be propagated by seeds, cuttings, or layering. For seed propagation, seeds should be sown on a well-draining medium during spring or autumn. Cuttings should be taken in early summer and treated with a rooting hormone. For layering, a branch should be bent towards the ground and covered with soil.
Watering needs
Rhus collina is a drought-tolerant plant, but it requires regular watering during the first two years of establishment. After that, it should receive water only during prolonged dry spells. Overwatering should be avoided as it may lead to root rot.
Fertilization
Fertilization is generally not necessary for Rhus collina. However, if the soil is poor, a balanced fertilizer that is low in nitrogen should be applied during spring or early summer.
Pruning
Pruning is important to keep Rhus collina healthy and tidy. It should be pruned during late winter or early spring, just before the onset of new growth. The plant should be cut back to one-third of its height. Dead, diseased, or damaged wood should be removed, and any crossing branches should be pruned to prevent rubbing and damage. Proper pruning will help to maintain the plant's natural shape and promote healthy growth.
Propagation of Rhus collina Engl.
Rhus collina Engl. can be propagated by different methods.
Seeds
The most common method of propagation is through seeds. The seeds should be collected from the dried fruits after they have ripened. They can be sown in pots or seed bed during the early spring season. The seedbed should be kept moist during the germination stage, which may take up to four weeks. Once the seedlings have developed their second set of leaves, they can be transplanted to individual containers and grown further under suitable conditions.
Cuttings
Cuttings are another effective way of propagating Rhus collina Engl. The cuttings should be taken from a mature, well-established plant during the dormant season. The lower leaves should be removed, and the remaining leaves shortened to reduce moisture loss. The cuttings should be planted in a well-draining rooting medium and kept consistently moist. They should take root in about six to eight weeks.
Division
Division is a less common method of propagation but can be successful with Rhus collina Engl. The plant can be dug up, and the roots divided with a sharp knife or spade. Each division should have 3-4 shoots. The divisions can be replanted in individual containers or directly in the ground in well-draining soil. It is important to keep them consistently moist for the first few weeks to ensure their success.
Disease and Pest Management for Rhus collina Engl.
Rhus collina Engl., commonly known as Hill’s Sumac, is a small deciduous tree or shrub that is found in rocky areas and mountain slopes. This plant is relatively low maintenance and easy to grow, however, it may be susceptible to certain diseases and pests that can harm its growth and appearance. Here are some of the common diseases and pests that can affect Rhus collina Engl. and suggestions on how to manage them:
Diseases
Leaf Spot: Leaf spot is a fungal disease that causes circular or irregular, brownish-black lesions on the leaves. To manage leaf spot, remove any infected leaves and avoid overhead watering, as this can spread the disease. Applying a fungicide can also help control the spread of the disease.
Powdery Mildew: Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that appears as a white, powdery film on the leaves and stems. To manage powdery mildew, prune any infected areas and improve air circulation around the plant. Applying a fungicide is also effective in controlling powdery mildew.
Root Rot: Root rot is a fungal disease that causes the roots to become mushy, discolored, and die. To prevent root rot, avoid overwatering and ensure proper drainage. If root rot is detected, remove the affected plant immediately to prevent spreading to other plants.
Pests
Japanese Beetles: Japanese beetles are a common pest that feed on the leaves of Rhus collina Engl. causing skeletonization. To manage Japanese beetles, handpick them and drop them into a bucket of soapy water. Applying a pesticide can also help control their population.
Aphids: Aphids are sap-sucking insects that cause curling, yellowing, and stunted growth on the leaves. To manage aphids, prune any infected areas and use a strong jet of water to dislodge them. Applying an insecticidal soap or neem oil can also help control their population.
Spider Mites: Spider mites are tiny pests that cause stippling, yellowing, and webbing on the leaves. To manage spider mites, prune any infected areas and use a strong jet of water to dislodge them. Applying a miticide can also help control their population.
By taking the appropriate steps to manage these common diseases and pests, you can ensure the healthy growth and appearance of Rhus collina Engl.
