Overview
Rhizocarpon concentricum auct. is a type of lichen that belongs to the family Rhizocarpaceae. It is commonly known as the 'concentric-ring lichen.'
Origin
Rhizocarpon concentricum auct. can be found in many areas throughout North America, including the Arctic tundra. It is also known to grow in other parts of the world, including parts of Europe and Asia.
Appearance
This lichen grows in a circular fashion and has a very distinctive appearance. The outer edge of its thallus (body) is usually a dark brown color. This color fades to a lighter brown as it gets closer to the center. The center of the thallus is usually a pale white or gray color.
Uses
Rhizocarpon concentricum auct. is not used for medicinal purposes and is not edible. However, it is a popular subject for photographers and can add beauty to outdoor landscapes.
Light Requirements
Rhizocarpon concentricum auct. requires moderate to high light intensity for growth. It can grow in direct sunlight but is more commonly found in areas with partial shade. Insufficient light may result in slower growth rates and smaller thalli.
Temperature Requirements
Rhizocarpon concentricum auct. is a cold-adapted lichen and can withstand harsh winters. It has been found growing in areas with sub-zero temperatures. However, during the summer months, it requires a cooler environment and cannot withstand extreme heat. Optimal temperature for growth is around 10-15°C.
Soil Requirements
Rhizocarpon concentricum auct. is a crustose lichen and does not have any specific soil requirements. It can grow on a variety of substrates such as rocks, soil, and deadwood. It can tolerate nutrient-poor environments but requires a stable substrate to anchor itself to. It prefers well-draining soils that do not retain excessive moisture.
Cultivation of Rhizocarpon concentricum
Rhizocarpon concentricum is an alpine lichen that grows slowly in acidic and moist soils. To cultivate this species, it is necessary to recreate the same environmental conditions in which it naturally grows.
The best way to start cultivation is by collecting the lichen thalli from its natural habitat. Rhizocarpon concentricum can be transplanted onto a substrate consisting of moss, bark, or rocks.
Since the growth rate is slow, it is essential to be patient when cultivating Rhizocarpon concentricum. The propagation method for lichen is soredia. The soredia can be used to inoculate the substrate to increase the overall growth of the lichen.
Watering Needs of Rhizocarpon concentricum
Rhizocarpon concentricum thrives in moist environments, but it is crucial to avoid over-watering as this may lead to the growth of other fungi, which can displace Rhizocarpon concentricum.
The substrate should be kept damp at all times, but the lichen must not be soaked in water. A good way to hydrate the lichen is to use rainwater if rainfall is insufficient.
Fertilization of Rhizocarpon concentricum
Rhizocarpon concentricum obtains nutrients from the air and surrounding substrates. Fertilization is not required for this species.
However, it is recommended to keep the substrate clean to avoid any competition from other organisms. Renovating or replacing the substrate periodically is also beneficial to avoid the accumulation of contaminating substances.
Pruning of Rhizocarpon concentricum
Pruning is not necessary for lichen such as Rhizocarpon concentricum. As a symbiotic organism, pruning can harm the organism and make it more susceptible to environmental stress.
The lichen can grow naturally, and it is usually slow-growing, which eliminates the need for pruning. If the substrate becomes overgrown with other organisms, the substrate should be replaced rather than pruned.
Propagation of Rhizocarpon concentricum
Rhizocarpon concentricum is a lichenized fungus that grows on rocks and boulders in the alpine and tundra habitats. The plant has a slow growth rate and takes several years to mature. Propagation of the plant is challenging, as it depends on the availability of a suitable substrate and environmental conditions.
Vegetative Propagation
Vegetative propagation of Rhizocarpon concentricum involves breaking off small pieces of the lichen and attaching them to a suitable substrate. The broken pieces contain both the fungal and algal components of the lichen and have the potential to grow into a new plant if the environmental conditions are suitable.
The substrate selected for vegetative propagation should be similar to the one on which the parent plant grows to ensure the survival and successful growth of the new plant. The success rate of vegetative propagation is low and largely depends on the suitability of the substrate, humidity, and temperature.
Sexual Propagation
Rhizocarpon concentricum reproduces sexually by producing spores that are dispersed by wind. The spores require specific environmental conditions, such as moist surfaces and favorable temperatures, to germinate and grow into new lichens. The sexual reproduction process is slow and less reliable than vegetative propagation.
The production of spores by Rhizocarpon concentricum is influenced by environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. The optimum conditions for spore production and germination are temperatures between 10°C and 15°C and high humidity levels.
In conclusion, propagation of Rhizocarpon concentricum is a challenging process, but the vegetative propagation method has a higher success rate than sexual propagation. Careful selection of the substrate and environmental conditions can help increase the survival and growth of new lichens.
Disease Management
Rhizocarpon concentricum can be affected by fungal diseases such as lichen spot disease, which causes circular black or gray spots on the thallus. To prevent the spread of fungal diseases, it is important to maintain good air circulation and keep the plants dry. Fungicides can also be used as a treatment option, but it is important to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully. If the disease persists, it may be necessary to remove and destroy infected plants to prevent further spread.
Pest Management
Although Rhizocarpon concentricum is not typically a target for pests, it can still be affected by insects such as aphids and spider mites. These insects can cause damage to the thallus by sucking out the sap and leaving behind yellow or brown spots. To manage pests, it is important to regularly inspect the plants and remove any affected areas. Insecticides can also be used to control infestations, but it is important to choose a product that is safe for use on lichen and follow the instructions carefully to avoid causing harm to the plant.
