Overview of Pseudosabicea arborea (K.Schum.) N.Hallé var. tersifolia N.Hallé
Also known as Sabicea arborea, Pseudocinchona arborea or "Bois Rivière," Pseudosabicea arborea is a species of plant that belongs to the family Rubiaceae. This evergreen tree can be either a shrub or small tree that grows up to a height of 5 to 8 meters. It is native to tropical Africa and can be found growing in the forests of Cameroon, Central African Republic, Congo, Gabon, and Equatorial Guinea.
Appearance
Pseudosabicea arborea var. tersifolia has a round shape, with waxy and leathery leaves that are glossy green in color. The arrangement of its leaves on the stem is opposite or subopposite. The small white flowers grow in clusters and bloom from November to January, and are followed by small, fleshy, white fruits that can reach a size of about 1 cm. The branches and stem are covered with small, rough bumps.
Uses
The bark of Pseudosabicea arborea is used in traditional medicine in Africa as a remedy for various ailments such as diarrhea, fever, and headaches. Additionally, the plant's leaves and bark have been historically used to treat malaria. In Cameroon, the bark is used to flavor beer, while the wood is used for making knives and spears. In Equatorial Guinea, the wood is used for carving masks.
Pseudosabicea arborea is also an ornamental plant, with its appealing foliage and form making it a popular choice for landscaping and gardening. Additionally, the plant is known for its ecological importance as it serves as a host for the caterpillars of various butterflies.
Light Requirements
Pseudosabicea arborea var. tersifolia grows best in a partially shaded environment. It thrives well in bright, indirect light but should not be exposed to direct sunlight for extended periods. Too much direct sunlight can cause leaf scorching and dehydration leading to stunted growth.
Temperature Requirements
This plant prefers warm temperatures ranging from 20°C to 30°C. It can, however, tolerate a range of cold temperatures as long as it does not go below 10°C. Temperatures below 10°C can lead to deterioration and even death of the plant.
Soil Requirements
Pseudosabicea arborea var. tersifolia requires well-draining soils that are rich in organic matter. The soil should be moist but not waterlogged to allow proper aeration of the roots. A pH range of 6 to 7.5 is ideal for optimal growth. Adding fertilizers to the soil can help promote growth, but too much fertilizer can lead to root damage and stunted growth.
Cultivation
Pseudosabicea arborea (K.Schum.) N.Hallé var. tersifolia N.Hallé is a tropical plant that can be cultivated both indoors and outdoors. It is best grown in warm and humid conditions and can tolerate partial shade as well as direct sunlight. The plant prefers well-drained soil and can be propagated through seeds or cuttings.
Watering Needs
Watering should be done regularly, especially during the growing season. It is important to make sure that the soil is moist, but avoid over-watering as this can lead to root rot. Allow the topsoil to dry out slightly before watering again. During the dormant season, reduce watering to prevent over-saturation.
Fertilization
Fertilizer should be applied during the growing season to support the plant's growth. Use a balanced, all-purpose fertilizer, and dilute it to half-strength to avoid burning the roots. Fertilizer should be applied every two to three weeks, following the packaging's instructions. Avoid fertilizing during the dormant season.
Pruning
Regular pruning is essential to maintain the plant's shape and promote healthy growth. Remove any dead, damaged or diseased leaves, stems or branches as soon as they are noticed to prevent the spread of any disease or pests. Pinch back the tips of the plant to encourage side branching and fuller growth. Prune the plant in the dormant season to reduce stress on the plant.
Propagation of Pseudosabicea Arborea var. Tersifolia
Pseudosabicea arborea (K.Schum.) N.Hallé var. tersifolia N.Hallé, commonly known as "Candlestick plant" is a tropical flowering plant that produces beautiful yellow flowers on long stems. Propagating the Pseudosabicea arborea var. tersifolia can be done using several methods. Here are some propagation methods:
Seed Propagation
Propagating Pseudosabicea arborea var. tersifolia from seeds is an ideal option, especially for those who want to produce several plants. Sow seeds in a well-drained potting mix and cover with a thin layer of soil. Water lightly and place the pot in a warm spot. Ensure the soil does not dry out. Germination should take place within a few weeks. Once the seedlings are large enough, they can be transplanted into individual pots.
Cuttings Propagation
Propagation by cuttings is another popular method for Pseudosabicea arborea var. tersifolia. Take a healthy stem cutting, about 6 to 8 inches long. Remove the lower leaves and dip the cuttings in rooting hormone. Plant the cuttings in a well-draining soil mixture that has perlite, peat moss, or vermiculite to aid in root development. Water the cutting and cover it with a plastic bag to create humidity. Place the cutting in a warm, bright but indirect light area until roots develop.
Division Propagation
Pseudosabicea arborea var. tersifolia can also be propagated through division, which can be done during the plant's active growing season. Gently remove the plant from the pot or ground and use a clean knife to divide the root system into separate sections. Replant each section in a new pot or the desired location in the garden. Ensure you water the areas after planting to encourage root development.
Air layering propagation
Air-layering can also be used to propagate Pseudosabicea arborea var. tersifolia. Choose a healthy stem and make a small cut in the bark near a leaf node. Apply rooting hormone to a small amount of sphagnum moss, apply it to the cut area then wrap it with plastic. Wait until roots form, then separate and transplant to a pot filled with rich soil mixture.
Disease Management:
Pseudosabicea arborea (K.Schum.) N.Hallé var. tersifolia N.Hallé can suffer from several diseases that can affect its growth and productivity. These include:
- Leaf spot: This is a fungal disease that causes small, round spots on the leaves. The spots can be brown or black and can make the leaves fall off. To manage leaf spot, ensure good sanitation by removing and destroying infected leaves. Additionally, apply fungicides to prevent the spread of the disease.
- Powdery mildew: This is another fungal disease that causes white or grey powder-like coating on the leaves and stems. The disease can stunt plant growth and reduce productivity. To manage powdery mildew, use fungicides and ensure good air circulation by pruning the plant regularly.
- Root rot: This is a fungal disease that affects the roots. The disease can cause the roots to rot, leading to poor plant growth. To manage root rot, avoid overwatering and ensure the soil is well-draining. Additionally, treat the plant with fungicides to kill the disease-causing fungi.
Pest Management:
Pseudosabicea arborea (K.Schum.) N.Hallé var. tersifolia N.Hallé is susceptible to several pests that can cause significant damage if not managed on time. These pests include:
- Aphids: These are small, sap-sucking insects that can cause stunted growth and yellowing of the leaves. To manage aphids, use natural predators such as ladybugs or apply insecticides.
- Spider mites: These are tiny pests that suck plant juice and can cause significant damage. They usually appear as yellow or white spots on the leaves. To manage spider mites, use insecticides and keep the plant well-watered to prevent infestation.
- Scale insects: These are small, oval-shaped insects that attach to the plant's stems and leaves. They can cause yellowing and wilting of the leaves, and can also produce a sticky substance called honeydew that can attract ants. To manage scale insects, remove them manually or use insecticides.
Regular monitoring of the plant is essential to detect any signs of disease or pest infestation promptly. Additionally, ensure good cultural practices such as proper watering, fertilization, and pruning to maintain healthy plant growth and reduce the risk of pest and disease attack.
