Origin and Common Names
Premna matadiensis Moldenke var. parvifolia Moldenke is a species of evergreen shrub native to the Philippines, specifically in the provinces of Benguet, Mountain Province, and Ifugao. It is commonly called the corduroy bush or tagumbao in the Philippines.
General Appearance
The corduroy bush is a small tree that typically grows up to 6 meters tall. Its bark is greyish-brown, smooth, and sometimes slightly fissured. The leaves of the plant are ovate to elliptic in shape, with pointed tips, and grow up to 1 to 5 centimeters long. These leaves are glossy and dark green on top, while the underside is lighter in color.
The plant produces small, greenish-white flowers that grow in clusters. These clusters later develop into spherical drupes, which gradually turn black when ripe. These drupes contain a single seed, which is dispersed by birds.
Uses
Premna matadiensis Moldenke var. parvifolia Moldenke is known for its medicinal properties, particularly in the treatment of respiratory and digestive ailments. Its leaves, when crushed, produce a fragrant oil that is used as an insect repellent. The bark of the tree is also used as a traditional remedy for fever and coughs.
In addition to its medicinal uses, the corduroy bush is also a popular ornamental plant in the Philippines. Its attractive foliage and small size make it an excellent choice for landscaping or container gardening.
Light Requirements
Premna matadiensis Moldenke var. parvifolia Moldenke prefers partial shade to full sun. It can tolerate direct sunlight, but it is recommended to provide some shade during the hottest hours of the day in areas with intense sunlight.
Temperature Requirements
This plant prefers a warm, humid climate and can tolerate temperatures between 20°C to 30°C. It is not frost tolerant, and extreme cold temperatures can damage the plant. It is important to protect the plant during cold weather and maintain a temperature range that is comfortable for the plant.
Soil Requirements
Premna matadiensis Moldenke var. parvifolia Moldenke prefers well-draining soil with a pH range between 6.5 and 7.5. The soil should be rich in organic matter and nutrients. It can tolerate a variety of soil types, including loamy, sandy, or clayey soil. The plant requires regular watering to keep the soil moist and prevent the soil from drying out.
Cultivation Methods
Premna matadiensis Moldenke var. parvifolia Moldenke, commonly known as Premna, is a species of flowering plant belonging to the Verbenaceae family. It is native to tropical and subtropical Asia. Premna requires well-draining soil with a pH of 6.0 to 7.0. Plant it in a spacious container or directly into the ground, ensuring the site receives partial shade to full sun exposure. The ideal temperature range for the plant is between 20°C to 35°C. It is susceptible to frost, so it is advisable to transfer it indoors in winter.
Watering Needs
Premna matadiensis Moldenke var. parvifolia Moldenke requires regular watering to thrive. While it prefers moist soil, it can also grow well in drought conditions. Ensure that the soil is not waterlogged to prevent root rot. Water the plant in the morning or evening to avoid water evaporation and reduce the risks of disease and insect infestation.
Fertilization
Feeding the plant twice a month with fertilizer enhances its overall growth and development. Use an all-purpose fertilizer or a slow-release fertilizer, applying the recommended dosage according to the instructions on the package. Avoid over-fertilization, as it can lead to the build-up of harmful salts in the soil.
Pruning
Pruning helps to maintain the shape and size of the plant and encourages the growth of new stems and foliage. The best time to prune Premna is in spring or autumn after the flowering season. Use clean, sharp pruning shears to eliminate dead, damaged, or infected branches. Ensure to make the snips just above the leaf node to stimulate the regeneration of the plant. Cut back the stem tips to halt spindly growth by promoting bushiness.
Propagation of Premna matadiensis Moldenke var. parvifolia Moldenke
Premna matadiensis Moldenke var. parvifolia Moldenke, also known as the small-leaved Premna, is a hardy shrub that can be propagated through different methods such as seeds, cuttings, and air layering.
Propagation through Seeds
Propagation through seeds is the easiest way to propagate Premna matadiensis Moldenke var. parvifolia Moldenke. The seeds should be collected from the plant when they are mature and plump. Once the seeds are collected, they should be dried, cleaned, and stored in an airtight container in a cool and dry place. The seeds can be sown directly into the soil or in a seed tray filled with potting mix. The seeds should be watered regularly, and within a few weeks, they will germinate.
Propagation through Cuttings
Propagation through cuttings is another effective way to propagate Premna matadiensis Moldenke var. parvifolia Moldenke. Select a healthy stem, free from any diseases or pests, and cut a stem that is about 5-7 inches long. Remove any leaves from the bottom half of the stem, and dip the cut end in rooting hormone powder. Plant the stem in a container filled with well-draining soil, and water it well. Cover the container with a plastic cover to maintain humidity levels. The cutting should take root within a few weeks.
Propagation through Air Layering
Propagation through air layering is a method that involves making a cut in a stem, and then wrapping the cut stem with moist sphagnum moss, which is then covered in plastic wrap. The moss should be kept moist, and roots will start to grow from the point of the cut. Once the roots have formed, the stem can be cut and planted into a pot or directly into the soil.
Disease and Pest Management for Premna matadiensis Moldenke var. parvifolia Moldenke
Premna matadiensis Moldenke var. parvifolia Moldenke is a plant species that is prone to various diseases and pests, which can affect its growth and productivity. As a gardener, it is crucial to understand these problems and come up with practical ways to manage them effectively. Here are some common diseases and pests to look out for and how to manage them:
Common Diseases
Leaf Spot - This is a fungal disease that appears as brown or black spots on the leaves. It is caused by high humidity levels, poor air circulation, and overwatering. To manage this problem, remove infected leaves and destroy them. Increase air circulation, avoid overhead watering, and consider using a fungicide.
Powdery Mildew - This is another fungal disease that appears as a white powdery substance on the leaves. It is caused by high humidity levels, lack of air circulation, and poor sanitation. To manage this problem, remove infected leaves and destroy them. Increase air circulation, avoid overhead watering, and consider using a fungicide.
Root Rot - This is a fungal disease that affects the roots and causes the plant to wilt and die. It is caused by poor drainage, overwatering, and lack of oxygen in the soil. To manage this problem, ensure proper drainage, avoid overwatering, and use a well-draining soil mix.
Common Pests
Mealybugs - These are small, white, cottony insects that suck sap from the leaves and stems. They can cause stunted growth, wilting, and yellowing of leaves. To manage this problem, remove infected leaves and stems and use an insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Spider Mites - These are tiny insects that spin webs on the leaves and suck sap from them. They can cause yellowing and wilting of leaves. To manage this problem, increase humidity levels, remove infected leaves, and use an insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Aphids - These are small, soft-bodied insects that suck sap from the leaves and stems. They can cause malformed leaves and stunted growth. To manage this problem, remove infected leaves and stems and use an insecticidal soap or neem oil.
By understanding these diseases and pests and their management practices, Premna matadiensis Moldenke var. parvifolia Moldenke can thrive in a healthy environment. Also, it is important to maintain proper sanitation, crop rotation, and avoid overcrowding for a healthy flourishing plant.
