Polystachya ashantensis Kraenzl.
Polystachya ashantensis Kraenzl. is a species of orchid that is native to West Africa, specifically Ghana, Togo, and Ivory Coast. It is commonly known as the Ashanti Polystachya.
General Appearance
The Ashanti Polystachya has a relatively small size with pseudobulbs reaching up to 6 cm in length. It has narrow and thin leaves of about 5-15 cm long and 0.3-0.8 cm wide. The flowers of the plant grow in terminal racemes of up to 20 cm long, and each raceme may have up to 40 flowers. The flowers have a distinct yellow coloration with a greenish or brownish-red lip and protruding white column. The flowering period of this orchid species is from June to August.
Uses and Benefits
Polystachya ashantensis Kraenzl. is commonly used in the medicinal field as a natural treatment for several ailments. Parts of the plant such as the roots and leaves are used to treat malaria fever, dysentery, and gastrointestinal complications. Additionally, the plant is used by some African cultures during spiritual practices such as ancestral worships and rainmaking ceremonies. It is also grown as an ornamental plant for decoration purposes in homes, gardens, and parks.
Light Requirements
Polystachya ashantensis Kraenzl. is an epiphytic orchid that thrives in bright and filtered light. It needs to be placed in a location where it can receive bright light, but avoid direct sunlight. Too much direct sunlight can burn the leaves and cause irreversible damage.
Temperature Requirements
This orchid grows well in warm temperatures. The ideal range is between 18°C to 24°C (65°F to 75°F) during the day and around 15°C (59°F) at night. It is important to maintain consistent temperatures for optimal growth, as fluctuations can cause the plant to slump or stop developing altogether.
Humidity and Watering Needs
Polystachya ashantensis Kraenzl. requires continuous moisture. Hence, it thrives well in high humidity environments. The best way to maintain a stable humidity level is by keeping the orchid in a terrarium or placing a humidity tray nearby. The orchid should be misted on a regular basis with non-chlorinated water or rainwater. Make sure not to over-water the plant, as it can lead to root rot.
Soil Requirements
These orchids do not grow in soil. Instead, they grow on other plants and trees, and draw their nutrients and moisture from the air and surrounding environment. Therefore, they should be potted in a well-draining potting medium and bark mix. Additionally, the pot should not be filled to the brim with potting mix, as it can prevent proper airflow and lead to stagnant growth.
Cultivation
Polystachya ashantensis Kraenzl., also known as Ashanti's Polystachya, is an epiphytic orchid species that is commonly found growing on trees in the tropical rainforests of West Africa. To cultivate this orchid, it is essential to provide the ideal growing conditions such as light, temperature, and humidity.
To provide the right amount of light, place the orchid in a location where it can receive bright but indirect sunlight. It is important to protect the plant from direct sunlight, as it can cause damage to the delicate leaves and flowers.
As for the temperature, Polystachya ashantensis can thrive in temperatures ranging from 18°C to 30°C and prefers high humidity. Therefore, it is advisable to place the orchid in a location with good air circulation and keep it away from drafts.
Watering Needs
Watering is a crucial aspect of orchid cultivation, and it is important to provide the right amount of water to avoid over or under watering. Polystachya ashantensis requires regular watering, but it should not be watered daily to prevent waterlogging, which can lead to root rot.
To water the orchid, soak the medium thoroughly until it is soaked through, then allow the excess water to drain off before placing the plant back in its place.
Fertilization
To maintain the plant's health and promote healthy growth, regular fertilization is necessary. Use a balanced liquid fertilizer, diluted to half the recommended strength, and apply it every two weeks or as per the specific instructions indicated on the fertilizer's packaging.
It is best to fertilize the orchid when it is actively growing, usually during the spring and summer months. During autumn and winter, when the plant is in its dormant phase, reduce the fertilizing frequency or stop it altogether.
Pruning
Polystachya ashantensis Kraenzl. requires minimal pruning but may need occasional snipping to shape the plant or remove dead or damaged growth. Use sterile shears or scissors to trim off any affected parts of the plant, and ensure to dispose of the cuttings appropriately to prevent the spread of diseases.
Pruning should be done during early spring or late autumn when the orchid is not in its flowering period. Avoid pruning during winter or summer when the plant is either dormant or actively growing to prevent stress or damage to the plant.
Propagation of Polystachya ashantensis Kraenzl.
Polystachya ashantensis Kraenzl. is a beautiful and rare orchid that is native to Ghana. It is a terrestrial or epiphytic plant, which can be propagated by several methods. Here are a few propagation methods:
Division
The most common propagation method for Polystachya ashantensis Kraenzl. is division. This method involves splitting the plant into smaller sections and replanting them. To do this, carefully remove the plant from its pot and gently separate the clumps. Each clump should have at least three pseudobulbs and healthy roots. Place each clump in a new pot filled with a well-draining orchid mix. Water it thoroughly and place it in a warm, humid, and bright spot.
Keiki propagation
Polystachya ashantensis Kraenzl. can also be propagated by keiki propagation. Keikis are small plantlets that grow out from the base of the parent plant and can be separated to grow into new plants. To propagate using this method, let the keiki grow until it has a minimum of three leaves and a small root system. Cut it off from the parent plant with a clean, sharp knife or scissors. Then, plant it into a pot of moist orchid mix, and keep it in a warm, humid place with bright, indirect light.
Seed propagation
Seed propagation is a third method that can be used to propagate Polystachya ashantensis Kraenzl. This is a more complex method and requires more attention to detail. Seeds, which are very tiny and fine, should be harvested from mature seed pods and sown onto sterile nutrient agar in a sterile environment. The seed should be kept moist, warm, and with low light until germination. The young plants should be regularly monitored and transferred as they develop enough roots. It takes a few years for seedlings to grow into a blooming plant for this orchid species.
Disease Management
Polystachya ashantensis Kraenzl. is prone to several diseases that can negatively impact its health and integrity. Here are some common diseases that might affect the plant and ways to manage them:
Bacterial Blight
Bacterial blight is a disease that is caused by the pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas cichorii. The bacteria can infect the plant through wounds or the natural openings on the leaves. The disease is characterized by the development of water-soaked spots that eventually turn brown or black and become necrotic. The tips of the leaves may also wither and die.
The best way to manage bacterial blight is through preventive measures. Avoid wounding the plant, and maintain proper sanitation practices, such as cleaning tools and equipment between uses. If the disease has already infected the plant, remove the affected parts and dispose of them properly. Applying copper-based fungicides can also help control the spread of the disease.
Leaf Spot
Leaf spot is a fungal disease that is caused by several species of fungi. The disease is characterized by the development of small, circular, dark spots on the leaves. As the disease progresses, the spots may coalesce, and the affected leaves may turn yellow and die. The fungus can overwinter in plant debris and soil.
To manage leaf spot, prune and remove affected leaves and stems, and dispose of them properly. Avoid overhead watering, which can create a moist environment that favors fungal growth. Applying fungicides containing copper or chlorothalonil can also help prevent the spread of the disease.
Pest Management
Polystachya ashantensis Kraenzl. is also prone to several pests that can damage the plant. Here are some common pests that might affect the plant and ways to manage them:
Mealybugs
Mealybugs are small, soft-bodied insects that feed on the plant sap. They are characterized by the white, powdery wax covering their bodies, which makes them resemble cotton. Mealybugs can weaken the plant and cause it to become stunted and distorted. They can also transmit plant viruses.
To manage mealybugs, prune and dispose of affected plant parts. You can also wipe the insects off the plant using a cotton swab soaked in rubbing alcohol. Applying insecticidal soap or neem oil can help control the pests. Maintaining proper plant hygiene can also prevent mealybug infestations.
Spider Mites
Spider mites are tiny arachnids that feed on the plant sap, causing the leaves to become stippled and turn yellow or brown. The pests can weave fine webs, which can cover the leaves and damage the plant's aesthetic value.
To manage spider mites, prune and dispose of affected plant parts. You can also spray the plant with a strong jet of water to dislodge the mites. Applying insecticidal soap, neem oil, or horticultural oil can also help control the pests.
It is important to monitor Polystachya ashantensis Kraenzl. regularly for any signs of disease or pest infestation, as early detection can help prevent the problems from escalating and damaging the plant irreversibly.
