Overview
Polygala gawenensis Thulin is a rare herbaceous plant species that belongs to the Polygalaceae family. It was first discovered and described by botanist Mats H. Thulin in 1991.
Origin and Distribution
Polygala gawenensis Thulin is native to Ethiopia, specifically in the region of Gamo Gofa. It is a rare species that is only found in the area where it was initially discovered.
Common Names
Polygala gawenensis Thulin is known by several common names in the region where it is found. These names include: "Jaalachapala" in the Gofa language, "Gawen Polygala" in English, and "Polygala de Gawen" in French.
Uses
Polygala gawenensis Thulin is not known to have any significant economic or medicinal uses. However, it is considered a valuable plant species because of its rarity and unique appearance.
Appearance
Polygala gawenensis Thulin is a small, herbaceous plant that grows up to 15 cm tall. It has small leaves that are arranged alternately on the stems. The flowers of this plant are its most distinctive feature, as they are pink or purple and have a unique shape. The flowers of Polygala gawenensis Thulin are arranged in clusters, and each flower looks like a bird in flight. This unique appearance has earned it the nickname "Flying Bird Polygala".
Light Requirements
Polygala gawenensis Thulin requires full sun exposure to thrive and produce healthy growth. The plant can withstand partially shaded locations, but it is not recommended as it affects its overall growth rate and flowering.
Temperature Requirements
Polygala gawenensis Thulin prefers warm temperatures of at least 18°C (65°F) to 28°C (82°F), but it can tolerate a range of temperatures between 10°C (50°F) to 35°C (95°F). In colder temperatures, it becomes dormant, and growth ceases. However, it can survive light frosts but might require some protection measures.
Soil Requirements
Polygala gawenensis Thulin requires well-draining and fertile soil for optimal growth. The soil should be a mixture of sandy, loamy, and clay soils. The plant requires slightly acidic to neutral soil, with a pH range between 5.5 to 7.5. This plant thrives in soil that is enriched with organic matter to promote better growth.
Cultivation methods
Polygala gawenensis Thulin is a perennial plant that can be propagated through seeds or cuttings. The ideal time to transplant the plant is during the spring season when the temperatures are moderate, and the soil is moist. The plant requires well-drained soil with a pH range of 6.2 to 7.2 and does well in full sunlight or partial shade.
Watering Needs
The Polygala gawenensis Thulin plant prefers moderate watering, and the soil should be kept moist and not waterlogged. Water the plant regularly during the growing season, and reduce watering during the dormant season, making sure not to let the soil dry out completely. Watering can be reduced further during the winter season.
Fertilization
The Polygala gawenensis Thulin plant requires a balanced fertilizer that contains equal quantities of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Fertilize the plant during the growing season once every two weeks, and use a low concentration fertilizer. Avoid over-fertilizing the plant as it can cause the leaves to turn yellow and stunt growth.
Pruning
Polygala gawenensis Thulin requires minimal pruning, and it is mostly done to remove diseased, damaged, or dead branches. Pruning can also be done to shape the plant and maintain its size. It is recommended to prune the plant during the dormant period, which is usually in the winter season. Prune the plant by snipping off the branches just above the bud.
Propagation of Polygala gawenensis Thulin
Polygala gawenensis Thulin is a rare and endangered plant species that is native to the Hawassa Zuria Region in Ethiopia. The plant belongs to the Polygalaceae family and is well adapted to growing in full sun and well-drained soils. Propagation of the plant can be done using several methods including:
Seed Propagation
Propagation through seeds is the most common method used for Polygala gawenensis Thulin. The plant produces small, round seeds that can be harvested once they are mature and dry. The seeds should be soaked overnight in water before sowing them in a well-draining soil mix. Cover the seeds with a thin layer of soil, water them lightly, and place the pot in a warm and bright location. Within a few weeks, the seeds will germinate and the plant will start to grow.
Cuttings Propagation
Propagation through cuttings is another method used for Polygala gawenensis Thulin. Cuttings should be taken in the early spring from healthy, young stems. Dip the cuttings into rooting hormone and plant them in a well-draining soil mix. Water the cuttings thoroughly and cover the pot with a clear plastic bag to create a greenhouse-like environment. Place the pot in bright, indirect light and keep the soil moist. Within a few weeks, the cuttings should root and start to grow.
Division Propagation
Propagation through division is a less common method used for Polygala gawenensis Thulin. The plant can be divided into smaller sections during the spring or early fall. Dig up the plant carefully, and use a sharp, sterilized instrument to divide it into smaller sections. Each section should contain at least one healthy shoot and a good root system. Replant the sections immediately in a well-draining soil mix and water them thoroughly. Place the potted plants in a bright, indirect light location and keep the soil moist. Within a few weeks, the divided sections will start to grow and establish their roots.
Disease and Pest Management of Polygala gawenensis Thulin
Polygala gawenensis Thulin is a plant species that is generally disease and pest-free. However, there are still some common diseases and pests that can affect the plant. Here are some of them and ways to manage them:
Diseases
Fungal Leaf Spot – This disease is caused by different types of fungi and is characterized by small spots with dark borders on the leaves. To manage this disease, remove infected leaves immediately and ensure that the plant has enough space to allow proper air circulation. Avoid overhead watering, and apply a fungicide as a preventive measure.
Root Rot – This disease is caused by different types of fungi and is characterized by yellowing leaves and wilting. To manage this disease, remove the infected plant from the soil and sterilize the root ball. Cut off the infected parts and replant the plant in a new pot with fresh, well-draining soil.
Pests
Mealybugs – These insects are identified by white, cotton-like masses on the leaves and stems. To manage this pest, wipe the leaves and stems with a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol, or spray the plant with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Spider mites – These pests are identified by tiny webs on the leaves, discoloration, and wilting. To manage this pest, spray the plant with water to remove the mites and increase humidity by setting the plant on top of a tray of pebbles and water. Alternatively, spray the plant with insecticidal soap or neem oil.
Regular inspection and proper care of Polygala gawenensis Thulin will help prevent disease and pest problems. Always remember to use organic, non-toxic, and environment-friendly methods for managing diseases and pests.
