Origin
Pleuropogon refractus (Gray) Benth. ex Vasey is a native plant of North America commonly found in the foothills of the Rocky Mountains in the United States, including Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, Idaho, and Utah.
Common Names
The common names for Pleuropogon refractus include Desert False Mannagrass, Spike bentgrass, Apache Mannagrass, and Shallow Drooping Manna Grass.
Uses
Pleuropogon refractus is used for erosion control, range seeding, and wildlife habitat enhancement. It is also known to help prevent soil erosion in areas affected by wildfire or other disturbances.
General Appearance
Pleuropogon refractus is a perennial bunchgrass that can reach up to 75 cm in height. The plant has bluish-green leaves that are narrow and flat, and it produces dense, erect flower spikes that can reach up to 30 cm. The flower spikes are covered in small bristles and maintain their structure throughout the winter. The plant produces seeds that are dispersed by the wind and cling to animal fur, allowing for easy spread across its habitat. Pleuropogon refractus is highly adapted to droughts, making it an excellent candidate for restoration projects in dry climates.
hereLight requirements
Pleuropogon refractus thrives in partially shady areas. It requires enough light to grow but not too much that would burn its leaves. It can tolerate direct sunlight but only in the morning or later in the afternoon when the sun is not too harsh. In nature, the plant usually grows under the canopy of larger trees or bushes.
Temperature requirements
This plant is native to the southwestern United States, where the climate is generally arid and warm. Hence, it prefers warm temperatures between 20°C to 30°C (68°F to 86°F). Pleuropogon refractus cannot withstand frost and will not survive in cold climates. In general, it grows best in areas with warm, dry summers and mild, wet winters.
Soil requirements
Pleuropogon refractus can grow in different types of soil, including sandy, loamy, or clay soils. However, it prefers well-draining, slightly acidic soils with a pH range of 5.5 to 6.5. The plant does not require much fertilizer, but it benefits from occasional applications of a balanced fertilizer during the growing season. It also needs regular watering, especially during hot and dry periods.
Cultivation Methods
Pleuropogon refractus, commonly known as spike bentgrass, is a cool-season, drought-tolerant grass species that grows best in USDA Zones 7a to 10b. The plant prefers full or partial sunlight exposure and well-draining soil with a pH range of 5.5 to 7.0. It can be propagated through seed or division of rhizomes. Sowing seeds in the early spring or late fall is recommended for optimal growth.
Watering Needs
Pleuropogon refractus is a drought-tolerant plant that thrives in well-draining soil and does not require frequent watering. However, occasional watering can help promote healthy growth, mainly during its establishment period. Typically, watering once a week or when the soil becomes dry at a depth of 1 to 2 inches is sufficient for this plant species.
Fertilization
Applying a slow-release fertilizer during the early spring and fall can help promote the growth and overall health of Pleuropogon refractus. For best results, it is recommended to use a balanced fertilizer with equal amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. Additionally, supplementing the soil with organic matter, such as compost or aged manure, can improve soil structure and fertility.
Pruning
Pleuropogon refractus does not require frequent pruning. However, periodically removing any dead, damaged, or diseased foliage can help promote healthy growth and prevent the spread of diseases. Additionally, pruning the plant to a height of 3 to 4 inches during its dormant period can help maintain its shape and encourage new growth.
Propagation of Pleuropogon refractus (Gray) Benth. ex Vasey
Pleuropogon refractus is a perennial grass that is native to the western United States. It is often used in rangeland restoration, erosion control, and wildlife habitat restoration projects. Propagation of this plant is primarily achieved through seed, although vegetative propagation can also be used in some cases.
Seed Propagation
Seed is the most common method of propagating Pleuropogon refractus. The plant produces seeds that are small and light, with a feathery appendage that helps them disperse in the wind. Seeds typically ripen in late summer to early fall.
The first step in seed propagation is to collect seed from mature plants. The seed should be cleaned and stored in a cool, dry place until planting time. Seeds can be planted in the fall or early spring, depending on the climate and soil conditions.
Before planting, the seed can be scarified to increase germination rates. This can be done by soaking the seed in hot water for a few minutes or by rubbing it with sandpaper to break down the tough outer layer.
When planting, the seed should be broadcast on the soil surface and lightly covered with soil. Watering should be done gently to avoid washing the seed away. Germination can take several weeks to several months, depending on the environmental conditions.
Vegetative Propagation
Vegetative propagation of Pleuropogon refractus is less common, but can be used in some situations, such as when there are limited seed resources or when genetic diversity needs to be maintained. This method involves taking stem cuttings from mature plants and rooting them to create new plants.
Cuttings can be taken in the fall or early spring. The stems should be cut into 6-8 inch lengths and planted in a well-draining soil mix. The cuttings should be kept moist and in a shaded location until they have rooted, which can take a few weeks or longer.
Once rooted, the new plants can be transplanted to their permanent location. Care should be taken to avoid damaging the roots during transplanting, and the plants should be watered regularly until they become established.
Disease Management
The plant Pleuropogon refractus (Gray) Benth. ex Vasey is resistant to many diseases, but it can still fall victim to certain fungal and bacterial infections. The most common disease that affects this plant is rust disease caused by the fungus Puccinia spp. Rust disease is characterized by brown or yellow spots on the leaves, which can spread rapidly. To manage rust disease, infected leaves should be removed and destroyed, and fungicides applied regularly. Powdery mildew can also affect the plant, causing a white powdery substance on leaves and stems. Pruning affected parts of the plant and applying fungicides can manage this disease.
Pest Management
The Pleuropogon refractus plant is also susceptible to insect pests such as aphids, mites, and thrips. These pests can cause damage to plant tissues, leading to stunted growth, yellowing of leaves, and leaf drop. To manage these pests, regular monitoring and inspection are essential. Natural predators such as ladybugs and lacewings can be introduced to control aphids and mites. Insecticidal soaps or horticultural oils can also be used to manage these pests. Thrips can be managed by pruning affected parts and applying insecticides.
